Positron Emission Mammograpy A Feasible Study :NSC91-2623-7-007-008-NU * *,** * * X (false positive) ( 93.8% 1cm ) 30% 7% 1.5 38% 5.5 70% 80% 35% 10% F18-FDG PET, F18-FDG 1
(staging) [1-7]. PET PET PET PET PET PET PET 2.73mm (Animal Rotating Positron Emission Tomography, ARO-PET) [8] position sensitive blocks PET PET A. (ARO-PET) ( ) 2
180 o ARO-PET 288 BGO (position sensitive photomultiplier tube) BGO 2.6 2.6 25 mm 3 2.75mm 220mm 380mm NIM [9] (Nuclear Instrumentation Module) CAMAC [10] (Computer Automated Measurement and Control ) CAMAC (list mode) x+,x-,y+,y- (center-of-gravity) [11] B. PET ( FBP, Filtered Backprojection) [12] ( OSEM, Ordered Subset Expected Maximization) [13] sinograms 180 o (simple backprojection) (voxel) 3
(coincidence events) ( n 1) m ( n) Pi i V ( d) d 1 ( n) ( n) ( n) i Pi / Pi i LOR( d) (0) i 1/ K i (n) (n) n i Pi n i V(d) d (detector pair) (Line of Response) LOR (d) m n K C. 44.4mm 82mm 2mm 3mm 5mm 8mm 10mm ( ) 0.02mCi F18-FDG ARO-PET 10 220mm 350keV-650keV 288 288 50.4mm 44.8mm ( K=7 4
5 10mm) 2mm 1cm 2cm 3cm 51 LP3 LP2 LP1 LP0 LN1 LN2 LN3 3cm 2cm 1cm 1cm 2cm 3cm (hot spot) LP0 LP1 (counts/voxel) LP0 LP1 LP0 1cm LN1 2cm LN2 3cm LN3 2mm 3mm 5mm 8mm 10mm (A) 2mm (B) (C) (D) 3mm 5mm 8mm 10mm 3.5mm FWHM 3.9mm FWHM 6.3mm FWHM 7.5mm FWHM 9.2mm FWHM 75% 30% 26% 6% 8% 2mm
ARO-PET PEM(positron emission mammography) 2mm ( 1cm ) ARO-PET 2.73mm 17.5% LORs (dual energy window) 1. Schirrmeister H, Kuhn T, Guhlmann A, Santjohanser C, Horster T, Nussle K, Koretz K, Glatting G, Rieber A, Kreienberg R, Buck AC, Reske SN; Fluorine-18 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose PET in the preoperative staging of breast cancer: comparison with the standard staging procedures ; Eur J Nucl Med, 28, pp 351-358, 2001. 2. Williams MB, Pisano ED, Schnall MD, and Fajardo LL; Future directions in imaging of breast diseases ; Radiology, 206, pp 297-299, 1998 3. Jochelson M; Breast cancer imaging: The future ; Semin Oncol, 28, pp 221-228, 2001. 4. Hubner KF, Smith GT, Thie JA, Bell JL, Nelson HS, Hanna WT; The Potential of F-18-FDG PET in Breast Cancer Detection of Primary Lesions, Axillary Lymph Node Metastases, or Distant Metastases ; Clin Positron Imaging, 3, pp 197-205, 2000. 6
5. Rieber A, Schirrmeister H, Gabelmann A, Nuessle K, Reske S, Kreienberg R, Brambs HJ, Kuehn T; Pre-operative staging of invasive breast cancer with MR mammography and/or PET: boon or bunk? ; Br J Radiol, 75, pp 89-98, 2002. 6. Raylman RR, Majewski S, Weisenberger AG, Popov V, Wojcik R, Kross B, Schreiman JS, Bishop HA; Positron emission mammography-guided breast biopsy ; J Nucl Med, 42, pp 960-966, 2001. 7. Murthy K, Aznar M, Bergman AM, Thompson CJ, Robar JL, Lisbona R, Loutfi A, Gagnon JH; Positron emission mammographic instrument: initial results ; Radiolog, 215, pp 280-285, 2000. 8. Meei-Ling Jan, Hsing-Ching Liang, Shin-Wen Huang, Jih-Shan Tang, Cheng-Chih Pei, and Ching-Kai Yeh, Preliminary Results from the ARO-PET, 2001 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, San Diego, California, November 4-10, 2001. 9. G. F. Knoll, Radiation detection and measurement, Appendix A, 2 nd edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1989 10. An introduction to CAMAC, Lecroy 1994 Research Instrumentation Catalog. 11. H. Kume; Photomultiplier tube, Ch. 6, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., 1994. 12. Kak AC and Slaney M., Principles of computerized tomographic imaging, Ch. 3, IEEE Press, New York, 1987. 13. H.M. Hudson and R. S. Larkin, Accelerated image reconstruction using ordered subsets of projection data, IEEE Tran. Med. Imag., 13, 601-609, 1994. 7
PET C B A detector detector detector z=a A 8
z=0cm LP0 9
z=-1cm LN z=-2cm LN 10
z=-3cm LN3 (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (A) 2mm (B) (C) (D) (E) 3mm 5mm 8mm 10mm FWHM 3.5mm 3.9mm 6.3mm 7.5mm 9.2mm 11