39 2 V o l. 39, N o. 2 2006 ( 157 ) NOR THW EST ERN GEOLO GY 2006 (Sum 157) : 100926248 (2006) 0220001216,,,, (, 710054) :, 309,,, -, -,,,,, - ( ),, 3 : -,, -,,,,,,, -,,, : ; ; ; : 612 : A,,, ( ),, 320, 1g3,,, 7617% 5811%, 20%,, : 2005208218; : 2006206215 : (200110200081) :, (19622),,,, : 710054, 438, ; : 029287821902; Em ail: xalw enyuan @cgs1gov1cn
2 N OR T H W ES T ERN GEOL OGY 2006,,, 1 111,,,,,, -, -, ;, ( 1), (, 1999),, (Rodin ia), -,,,,,, -,,,,,, - (, 2004),,,,,,, -,,,,,, -,,,,, (, 2001), 112 50, 11, ; 78 220 ( 1) 670 ( ) 843, ( ) 1 822, (, 2006) : 11 7 14 10 5
4 N OR T H W ES T ERN GEOL OGY 2006 1 (, 2006) T ab11 D istribution of the upw ards of m edium 2sized m etal depo sits in the N o rthw est Ch ina 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ( ) 10-11 12 13 14 g 15 16 ( ) 17-18 - 19 ( ) - 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35-36 37 38 39 40-41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56-57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 () 71 - - 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80-81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 1301 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 g 104 105
39 2 : 5 1 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 439M a 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121-122 - 123-124 125 (M 682) 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 (- ) 133 134 (?) 135 136 137 138 293 139 140 g 141 142 143 - () 144 145 146 147 148 149 210 150? 151 152 153 210 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 (119) 170 171 172 () 173 () 174-175 176 177 178 179 () 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 (?) 194 () 195 196 197 198 199 () 200 () 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 () 208 209 210 211 212
6 N OR T H W ES T ERN GEOL OGY 2006 1 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 () 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 Q 8 249 250 251 252 ( ) 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 () 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 () 275 276 () 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 () 290 291 292 293 294 (?) 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 460 307 308 309
39 2 : 7 : : g VM S : ) : ( g : VM S () : VM S : : () : ) : (,,, : (VM S) (Sedex) ( ),, -,,, 1999, 13 ( ) 88, : (M V T ) -,,,,,, -,, (, 1998),, ( ) -, ( ), -, 2 211 6 ( 2) :,,, 2,,, ( ),,,, (, 2002)
8 N OR T H W ES T ERN GEOL OGY 2006 2 T ab12 M ain m ineralization types of nonferrous o re depo sits in the N o rthw est Ch ina N i Cu PGE Cu Co Cu Pb Zn Cu Zn Cu M o W (M o Cu) - Pb Zn -? Cu Sn Sb Cu - 2 2 (, 2001), 2 2,, (Zhang Zh M, et al1, 1984;, 1999) ( ) (H yndm an et al1, 1985),, 2 2 2, ; -,, (, 2005),,, :,, 411 53M a, - 561 41M a - (, 2001),, (, 2002), :,,, 212,,, :,, 2,,, ;,, ;
39 2 : 9, 2,,, ;, 213,,,,,,,,,, 214,, ;,, ( ) 3 311,, ( 1), -,, (Chen Y ch, et al1, 1996), -, - -,,,,,, - - - (),,,, - (),,, 10 g ( 2),, 312, ( 11),,,, - -, ( ) (, 1996), (, 1995),,,
10 N OR T H W ES T ERN GEOL OGY 2006 2 F ig12 D istribution m ap of m etal m etallogenic belts and m ain m etallic depo sits in the N o rthw est Ch ina g - 11 ; g - 21 - ; g - 31 ; g - 41 ; g - 51 ; g - 61 ; g - 71 ; g - 81 ; g - 91 ; g - 101 1,,, 2 ( ), - ( ), - (, 1999;, 2001),,, -,,,, ( ) ( ) (), ( - ) ( ), - (), ( ) -,, 2 (ocean- con tinen t co llision zone) (H yndm an et al1, 1985; W ilson et al1, 1989),
39 2 : 11 (Kerrich et al1, 2001), -,,, () :,, V HM S 2:,,,,, Sedex :,,,,,,,,,,, ; () ( ) :,, 23,, ; 2,, ; ), (,, ( ) (),,, Sedex :,,,, - -,,,,, ( ), () ( ) :, ; ; ; ;
12 N OR T H W ES T ERN GEOL OGY 2006,,, 2 V HM S :,,, 22,,,,, ( ) ( ) M V T V HM S :,,,,,,, () V HM S ( ) Sedex 2,, : 2 2, (, 1996),,,,,,,,,,,,,, M V T,, :,,, (), Sedex Sedex (, 2006) 4 4112
39 2 : 13 3 :,,,,, 412,,, (1 508M a), (, 1995),,, 2, ( ), (Rodin ia), -,, 3, 29, 600 1 300 m, 4155 -, 31161 m, W O 3 0199% 6125%, Sn, 0161% 1146%20 000 km 2 -,, W O 3 700,,, ( ),,, 2, 413, 8, 5 27 m,, 200,, 10, ( - 1 5,, ),, -, - 1 5, 6, g, - M V T,, ( ), Cu, 014%, 333+ 3341 60 km, 10 200 m 92,, 40, Pb 016% 7%, Zn115% 10%, 333, 7 km, + 3341 300 170 3, 16 (),, 100, 30 32 800 m, 2 38 m, 18 m, 0128% 6 1 000 0170% 100 m,
14 N OR T H W ES T ERN GEOL OGY 2006 0167% :,,, - (790 ), (1 200 1 500 ), (360 ),, - -,,,, 414, 2 ( ), ( ) 5,,, -,,,, :,, (VM S)(Sedex),,,,, -,,,, : X ia L Q, X ia Z C, Xu X Y eṫ al. Carboniferous T ianshan igneous m egap rovince and m anltle p lum e [J ]. R egional Geo lgy of Ch ina1,,, 1 [J ] 1, 2004, 23 (9-10): 90329101,,, 1 - [M ] 1 :, 19991 1 - - [J ] 1, 2001, 22 (3): 19322301 1 [M ] 1 :, 2006, 124281,,, 1 [M ] 1 :, 19981,, 1 [J ] 1, 2002, 39 (5): 112 171,,, 1 - - [M ] 1 :, 2001, 1312 2221, 1 [J ] 1, 1999, (6): 22322301,, 1 [J ] 1, 2005, (2): 120 1271,,, 1 - [J ] 1
39 2 : 15, 1999 (), 32101, 1 [M ] 1 :, 2001, 342541,, 1 [J ] 1, 2002, 38 (5): 5291 1 [M ] 1 :, 19961, 1 () [M ] 1 :, 19951 Kerrich R, Go ldfarb R and Groves D 1 [A ] 1 : 1 [C ] 1 :, 20011,,, 1 [J ] 1 (D ), 1996, 26 (3): 1932 2001 References: Chen Y Ch, T ao W P1M etallic and nonm etallic m inerals in Ch ina [J ] 1Ep isodes, 1996, (18): 172201 Ge X H and L iu J L 1T he fo rm ing and setting of the no rth Q ilian o rogenic belt [J ] 1Earth Science F rontiers, 1999, (6): 2232230 (in Ch inese w ith English abstract) 1 H yndm an D W 1 Petrogy of igneous and m etam o rph ic rock s1m c Graw 2H illbook Company, 19851 H an Ch M, M ao J W and Yang J M 1 L ate palaeozo ic endo2 genetic m etallogenic series and m ineralization law in the east T ianshan M ountains [J ] 1 Geo logy and P ro spect2 ing, 2002, 38 ( 5 ): 529 ( in Ch inese w ith English abstract) 1 Kerrich R, Go ldfarb R and Groves D 1 T he characters, gene2 sis and dynam ics setting of the exceed large2scale go ld m etallogenic p rovince [A ] 1refer to: Chen Y J, et al1t he continent dynam ics and m etallogenic action [C ] 1Seism Publish ing House, Beijing, 200115272 (in Ch i2 nese) 1 L i H Q, X ie C F, Ch H L, et al1 T he m etallogenic p rocess ch rono logy of the nonferrous noble m etal depo sits in the no rth X injiang [M ] 1 Geo logical Publish ing House, Beijing, 1998 (in Ch inese) 1 L i W Y1 T he m etallogenic series and geochem istry of the copper nickel sulfide depo sits in Ch ina [M ] 1 X ian M ap Publish ing House, X ian 1996, 1802190 (in Ch inese) 1 L iw Y. X ia L Q. X ia Z C et1al T he vo lcanic action of the Early Palaeozo ic arc2back basin and o re fo rm ing in the no rth Q ilian M ountain2take the Sh ijuligou copper de2 po sit fo r examp le [J ]. Geo logical R eview, 1999 (supp le2 m ent), 3210 (in Ch inese w ith English abstract) L i W Y, Guo Z P and W ang W 1Caledonian convergent transfo rm ation and m etallogenetic respone in the N o rth Q ilian mountains [J ] 1Geo logical R eview, 2005, (2) 120 127 (in Ch inese w ith English abstract) L iw Y, Zhao D H and Shen Sh N 1M etallogenic constraints and exp lo ration p ro spect of the nonferrous m etal m in2 eral depo sits in N o rthw est Ch ina [J ] 1 Geo logy and P ro specting, 2002, 39 (5): 11217 (in Ch inese w ith Eng2 lish abstract) 1 R en J Sh, W ang Z X, Ch B W, et al1 L ook ing the tectonics of Ch ina from the global analysis2the brief exp lanations of the tectonic m ap of Ch ina and adjacent areas [M ] 1Geo logical Publish ing House, Beijing, 1999 ( in Ch inese) 1 T ang Zh L and L iw Y1 T he m etallogenic mode and geo log2 ical contrast of the J inchuancopper nickel sulfide de2 po sit [M ] 1Geo logical Publish ing House, Beijing, 1995 (in Ch inese) 1 X i an Institute of Geo logy and m ineral R esources1 T he ex2 p lo ration p ro spect of the m ineral resources in the N o rthw est Ch ina [M ] 1 Geo logical Publish ing House, Beijing, 2006, 12438 (in Ch inese) 1 X ia L Q, X ia Z Ch, R en Y X, et al1 T he structure2vo lcanic m agm a2m etallogenic dynam ics in the N o rth Q ilian M ountain [M ] 1Ch ina Earth Publish ing House, Beijing, 2001, 1312222 (in Ch inese) 1 Y in A n1t he geo logical evo lution of H im alayan and Q inghai2 X izang (T ibetan) P lateau o rogenic belt2the A sian conti2 nental accretion in the Phanerozo ic zon [J ] 1A cta Geo2 scientica Sinica, 2001, 22 (3): 1932230 (in Ch inese w ith English abstract) 1 Zhang Zh M, L iou J G and Co lem an R G1 A n outline of the p late tectonic of Ch ina [ J ] 1 Geo1Soc1Am er1 Bull11984, 95: 29523121 Zhang Q, Zhou G Q 1 Ch ina oph io lite [M ] 1 Science Publish2 ing House, Beijing, 2001, 34254 (in Ch inese) 1 Zhang G W, M eng Q R, Yu Z P, et al1 T he o rogenic p ro2 cess and dynam ics characters of the Q inling o rogenic belt [J ] 1Ch ina Sciences (D series), 1996, 26 (3): 1932 200 (in Ch inese w ith English abstract) 1
16 N OR T H W ES T ERN GEOL OGY 2006 M eta llogenetic Character istics and Prospecting Poten tia l of M ajor M etallic M inerals in Northwest Ch ina L IW en2yuan, DON G Fu2chen, J IAN G H an2b ing, TAN W en2juan, W AN G Yong2he (X i an Institu te of Geology and m inera l R esou rces, X i an 710054, Ch ina) Abstract: N o rthw est Ch ina has abundan t m ineral resou rces w ith 309 large2, m edium 2size m etallic o re de2 po sits found. A s cen tered by the T arim b lock, the region connects w ith the A lashan m assif situated on the no rthw estern m argin of the N o rth Ch ina craton to its east, w h ile to the no rth and sou th, there are the Phanerozo ic o rogen ic system s con sisting of num erou s m icrob lock s. T he o rogen ic system to no rth is rep re2 sen ted by the H ercyn ian T ian shan2h inggan o rogen that connects the Caledon ian A ltay2e rgun o rogen w ith sandw ich of the Junggar and llim assifs in betw een. T he sou thern o rogen ic system is compo sed of the cen2 tral and w estern Q in ling2q ilian2kun lun and Songpan2Ganzi o rogen s from no rth to sou th, w ith the m iddle Q ilian and Q aidam m assifṡ T he region belongs to a comp lex in tracon tinen tal o rogen ic belṫ A s a w ho le, no rthw est Ch ina is su rrounded by the Paleo2A sian o rogen ic belt, the T ethyan o rogen ic belt and by the cir2 cum pacific o rogen ic zone to its no rth, sou th and east, respectively. tw o m ain m etallogen ic periods in the region. depo sits, m assive su lph ide Cu and po lym etallic depo sits, T he P ro terozo ic and Palaeozo ic are T he m ain m etallogen ic types are m agm a liquation Cu and N i sea floo r exhalation Pb and Zn depo sits, po r2 phyry Cu and M o depo sits, skarn W depo sits and hydro therm al alteration m etallic depo sits. A cco rding to regional geo logy and m etallogen ic evo lu tion, w e divided the m etallogen ic un it in no rthw est Ch ina in to 3 o re2fo rm ing dom ain s, from no rth to sou th, they are: the Paleo- A sian m etallogen ic dom ain, the Q in ling2 Q ilian2kun lun m etallogen ic dom ain and T ethyan m etallogen icdom ain. T he Paleo - A sian m etallogen ic do2 m ain is m ade up of A ltay, w est2sou thw est T ian shan, east T ian shan and Beishan m etallogen ic belts w ith the Junggar and T arim basin s, characterized by late Paleozo ic endogen ic m ineralization. T he Q in ling2q il2 ian2kun lun m etallogen ic dom ain con tain s w est Kun lun2a ltyn T agh, Q ilian, east Kun lun and Q in ling m et2 allogen ic belts having the Q aidam basin in side, featu red by P ro terozo ic and early Paleozo ic m ineralization. T he T ethyan m etallogen ic dom ain con sists m ain ly of no rth San jiang m etallogen ic belt located in sou theast Q inghai2t ibet p lateau, w ith m iddle Cenozo ic being the m ajo r m etallogen ic period. Ex isting evidence and new developm en t of the m ineral resou rce investigation indicate that no rthw est Ch ina po ssesses favo rab le m etallogen ic condition s and a great po ten tial fo r fu rther p ro specting w o rk. W e have to re2study the geo log2 ical and m etallogen ic background and focu s on key exp lo ration w o rk over 10 po ten tial large2and super large2size m etallic o re2fo rm ing areas in o rder to have great b reak th rough s in p ro specting. Key words: m etallic o re depo sit; m etallogen ic type; m etallogen ic belt; p ro specting po ten tial