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1 A CTA AN THRO POLO G ICA S IN ICA V o l116, N o12 M ay, 1997 (, ) () 1995, 304, 266, 298, ( ), 28, (M artin),,,,,,,,,, 1985, 1979, (1985),,,,,,,,, (SD ), 1,,, 1900 (A sh izaw a et al., 1993), 1926 (Keys et al., 1926), (1957a, b) 1931 (, ), 1944 ( ), :

2 2 : 113 ( ), 1965 (, ), 1970 ( ), (, ) 1979,, ( ) (, 1982), ( ) 27 (, 1988) , , , , ,,,, (, 1988),, ,,, :, (, 1982) ; 4 1 (M in istry of Education, Science and Cu ltu re of Japan, ),, W einer, J. S. L ou rie, J. A. 1981, (W einer et al. edṡ, 1981),,,, , 304, 266, 298, ( ), 28, (M artin et al., 1957) :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,, ;,,,,, (), () ;,,,,,,,,, ;, ;

Education, Science and Cu ltu re of Japan, 1964 1994),, W einer, J. S. L ou rie, J. A. 1981, (W einer et al.

3 ( 2 ), (2 ) :,, g, g, g, g, g, g, g, g, g, g, g, g, g, g, g, g,,,,,,,, g, g, g 3 (3 ), : 1955 (, 1986), 1979 (, 1982) 1985 (, 1988) 1985,, , 1900,, 1985 (A sh izaw a et al., 1993), 3 11 SA S Excel, D eltagraph 21, , , 31 41, SA S P lo t,,, X 3SD ( ), 298, SA S U n ivariate, ^, ( 2) ^ ^ ^ (P 01001), ^ ^ (01001< P 0101), ^ (0101< P 0105), T anner ( 1963),, (Gau ssian), Z= 100 {log [(mm 1) - 18 ]} 61, SA S T T EST t, t 3, ( 2 4 5) (P 01001), 3 3 (01001< P 0101), 3 (0101< P 0105) 71 (SD ) = (X ϖ 2- X ϖ 1) gsd 1; X ϖ 1, X ϖ 2, SD 1

$(P 01001), ^ ^ (01001< P 0101), ^ (0101< P 0105), T anner ( 1963),, (Gau ssian), Z= 100 {log [(mm 1) - 18 ]} 61, SA S T T EST t, t 3, ( 2 4 5) 3$

4 2 : ( 1) ( 2) ( 3) ( 2) (t) ( 2) 1 (a, b, c, d, e) Kaup g ( ) (1) 1995 (t) ( 2) 1995 Q uetelet ( 4, 22a, b, c, d, e; 32 a, b, c, d, e) (3) 1995 (SD ) ( 42a, b, c, d; 52a, b, c, d) (1985) (1) 1995 (1985) (t) (2) g g(1985) ( 5, 62a, b, c, d, e; 72a, b, c, d, e) (3) (1985) (SD ) ( 8 9) ( 1, 2, 3, 12a, b, c, d, e) ( 2), 1995

(3) 1995 (SD ) ( 42a, b, c, d; 52a, b, c, d) 512 1995 (1985) (1) 1995 (1985) (t) (2) 1995 3 g g(1985) ( 5,

5 Number, mean and standard dev iation of each age group of 1995 Shangha i studen ts (male and female) (M ale) (Fem ale) A ge N X SD N X SD , (:, ) The basic statistical result of metr ical item s at each age group of 1995 Shangha i studen ts (male and female), the test of non-normal distr ibution and the test of sex differen t sign if icance (unit: kg,mm ) V ariate Body w eigh t Stature Cervical height A eg (M ale) N X SD (Fem ale) N (M in. ) (M ax. ) X SD (M in. ) (M ax. ) 7 34^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^

metr ical item s at each age group of 1995 Shangha i studen ts (male and female), the test of non-normal distr ibution and the test of sex differen t sign if icance (unit: kg,mm ) V ariate Body w

6 2 : 117 Gnathion height Sup rasternal height A crom ion heigh t Radiale height Radial stylion heigh t D actylion lll heigh t C rista iliaca heigh t ^^

84 1019. 00 1274. 00 44 1153. 27 57. 76 1035. 00 1288. 00 11 53 1215. 22 71. 59 1103. 00 1444. 00 50 1227. 92 62. 18 1086. 00 1336. 00 12 38 1255. 57 71. 13 1105. 00 1410. 00 22 1279. 27 49. 39 1200.

7 Ilio sp inale a. heigh t T ibial height Span of arm s B iacrom ial breadth Chest breadth Chest dep th B icristal breadth ^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^ ^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^

90 38. 99 669. 00 817. 00 11 53 805. 66 53. 17 695. 00 955. 00 49 788. 24 39. 40 707. 00 874. 00 12 38 824. 68 51. 78 704. 00 942. 00 21 816. 00 36. 92 753. 00 877. 00 13 9 859. 11 38. 66 812. 00 940.

8 2 : 119 H ip breadth Girth of chest Girth of w aist Girth of h ip Girth of thigh Girth of calf () M axim um bicep s girth 7 34^^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^

38 169. 00 274. 00 11 53^ 245. 54 26. 42 203. 00 319. 00 50 262. 44 333 21. 89 217. 00 316. 00 12 38 250. 15 26. 97 206. 00 312. 00 22 274. 59 333 16. 29 240. 00 317. 00 13 9 261. 77 29. 12 229.

9 () B icep s girth H and length H and breadth Foo t length Foo t breadth Girth of foo t Sphyrion height 7 34^^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^

00 243. 00 11 53^^ 203. 58 34. 00 160. 00 310. 00 50 198. 88 28. 74 143. 00 270. 00 12 38^^ 201. 97 40. 59 150. 00 330. 00 22 204. 72 26. 35 172. 00 275. 00 13 9 206. 11 39. 66 160. 00 290. 00 1 170.

10 2 : 121 Z2 Z2T ricep s sk info ld Z2 Z2Subscapular sk info ld U pper extrem ity length L eg heigh t sitting height ( ) Sitting cervical heigh t ( ) Sitting sup rasternal heigh t ^^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^ ^ ^

95 10 37 192. 05 21. 18 150. 51 229. 44 42^^ 196. 65 16. 71 171. 60 223. 55 11 46 193. 14 16. 83 150. 51 220. 95 44 197. 01 16. 93 150. 51 230. 53 12 32 187. 48 17. 06 159. 10 218. 18 20 196. 12 16.

11 Sitting elbow height 8 63^ ^^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ (P ) ^ ^ (0. 001< P 0. 01) ^ (0. 01< P 0. 05) (P ) 3 3 (0. 001< P 0. 01) 3 (0. 01< P 0. 05) The basic statistical result of index item s at each age group of 1995 Shangha i studen ts(male and female) Index A eg (M ale) N X SD (Fem ale) N (M in. ) (M ax. ) X SD (M in. ) (M ax. ) 1 Kaup Roh rer g Ilio sp inal heigh tgstature g B iacrom ial breadthgstature

94 27. 86 155. 00 287. 00 22 207. 77 21. 84 170. 00 251. 00 13 8 214. 75 24. 68 180. 00 256. 00 1 243. 00 243. 00 243. 00 ^ ^ ^ (P 0. 001) ^ ^ (0. 001< P 0. 01) ^ (0. 01< P 0. 05) 3 3 3 (P 0.

12 2 : g Chest breadthg Stature 6 g B icristal breadthg Stature 7 g Chest dep thg Stature 8 g Chest girthg Stature 9 g W aist girthg Stature 10 g H ip githgstature 11 g B icristal breadthg B iacrom ial breadth

14139 18166 44 15121 0177 13176 16169 11 52 16129 1148 13198 21129 50 15152 1111 13132 18103 12 38 16139 1163 14130 20145 22 15140 1110 13169 17152 13 9 15139 1131 13197 17188 1 13158 13158 13158 7

13 g Chest dep thg Chest breadth 13 g Foo t lengthg Stature 14 g Foo t breadthg Foo t length 15 g Foo t girthg Foo t length 16 g Foo t breadthg Foo t girth 17 g U pper lim b lengthgstature 18 g L eg lengthg Statur

4197 62106 86141 44 73141 5114 63173 82146 11 52 74135 5122 61107 93105 50 74100 6106 65140 88168 12 38 72193 4156 65146 85115 22 76188 4187 69136 83108 13 9 78110 3160 72197 85107 1 72106 72106

14 2 : V erverck E rism ann 21 B rock L ivi Pelidisi 24 Q uetlet 25 g Sitting heightg Starure

63121 90138 1 42138 42138 42138 7 34-41116 42180-92100 120150 34-38122 32108-97150 71150 8 63-54133 29122-115150 15150 53-60189 25103-129100 11150 9 60-56146 42162-131150 54100 56-58138 38146-145100

15 g Statureg (W eigh t^ (1g3) ) g Sup rasternal heitht Stature (a, b, c, d, e) 1995 Kaup g Comparison betw een boys and girls of Shanghai students in 1995 on w eigh t, stature, chest girth, Kaup index and ilio sp inal heigh tgstature index,, 1995 (t) (2),,, (3 3 3 ) (7 10 ), (9 ), (9 10 ), (8 10 ), (8 10 ), (7 8 ), (8 ) ( ) (11 12 ), (11 12 ) ( )

46145 1 48113 48113 48113 27 g 7 34 79. 50 0. 79 78. 42 81. 19 34 79. 36 0. 90 77. 27 81. 27 Sup rasternal 8 63 79. 78 0. 92 77. 62 82. 01 53 79. 68 0. 87 78. 29 81. 90 heitht Stature 9 60 80. 12 0.

16 2 : Kaup g ( 12a, b, c, d, e) 1015, 1015,,,, , 12,, 1018 Kaup,, Kaup, 12 g7 8, 9, (1955, 1979, 1985) (t),,,,,,,,, 40 ( ) 16 ( ) 10 ( ),,,, 1955,,,,, 1995 Q uetelet : ( 4, 22a, b, c, d, e; 42a, b, c, d) , , , SD, , ;, 7, 8, 9, 12, 1985, SD, 7, 8, 9, SD, 914, , Q uetelet, Q uetelet 1995,,,, 7, 8, 9, 12, 1985, 12,,,, Q uetelet 1995 ( 4, 32a, b, c, d, e; 52a, b, c, d) 7 8 9

c, d) 1955 1995 40, 1995 12 11 1955 1995, 12 1985, SD, 1985 12, 12 11 ;, 7, 8, 9, 12, 1985, SD, 7, 8, 9, 12 1985 SD, 914, 1995

17 , V ariate Body w eigh t Stature Girth of chest Sitting height Q uetelet (1955, 1979, 1985) (:, ) Compar ison among Shangha i studen ts in 1995 and Shangha i studen ts over the prev ious years (unit: kg, cm ) A ge (M ale) (Fem ale) [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] : [ ] 1955, , , (p 01001) 3 3 (01001< p 0101) 3 (0101< p 0105)

19110 33 8 26120 25129 24110 33 21150 333 22172 24132 3 23170 20190 33 9 30103 27188 3 26160 333 23150 333 25190 26182 26110 23120 333 10 34171 30118 333 28190 333 25140 333 31134 29153 28170 3 25100

18 2 : (a, b, c, d, e) 1995 Q uetelet Com parison of boys am ong Shanghai students in 1995 and that over the p revious years on w eigh t, stature, chest girth, sitting heigh t and Q uetelet index 4 (a, b, c, d) 1995 (SD ) Comparison using the standard grow th line sco re (SD ) among Shanghai students of boys in 1995 and that over the p revious years on w eigh t, stature, chest girth and sitting heigh t

4 (a, b, c, d) 1995 (SD ) Comparison using the standard grow th line sco re (SD ) among Shanghai

19 , SD , 913, ,,, , SD , 818 0, 1995, SD Q uetelet, 7, 8 9, ,, 914,,,,,, 7 8 9, , , , Q uetelet , 7 8 9,,, (1985) 1995 (1985) 3 (a, b, c, d, e) 1995 Q uetelet Com parison of girls am ong Shanghai students in 1995 and that over the p revious years on w eigh t, stature, chest girth, sitting heigh t and Q uetelet index

7 8 9 1985 1979, 7 8 9,,, 613 1995 (1985) 1995 (1985) 3 (a, b, c, d, e) 1995 Q uetelet Com parison of girls am ong

20 2 : (a, b, c, d) 1995 (SD ) Comparison using the standard grow th line sco re (SD ) among Shanghai students of girls in 1995 and that over the p revious years on w eigh t, stature, chest girth and sitting heigh t (t),,,,, g g (1985) : ( 5, 62a, b, c, d, e; 8), ,,,, SD , , 7 11, 12 SD, 12 0,,, SD g,, g,,,, ; g,, ; g,,

t, stature, chest girth and sitting heigh t (t),,,,, 1995 3 g g (1985) : ( 5, 62a, b,

21 2 : (a, b, c, d) 1995 (SD ) Comparison using the standard grow th line sco re (SD ) among Shanghai students of girls in 1995 and that over the p revious years on w eigh t, stature, chest girth and sitting heigh t (t),,,,, g g (1985) : ( 5, 62a, b, c, d, e; 8), ,,,, SD , , 7 11, 12 SD, 12 0,,, SD g,, g,,,, ; g,, ; g,,

儿童少年卫生学实习指导1.doc

儿童少年卫生学实习指导1.doc 2007.3 1 2 1 1 2 4 7 7 8 10 11 12 15 15 20 20 21 physical anthropometrics 1. 2. 1-1 11 (11) 1. stature, height (1) 2m cm mm 40cm mm 3 2~3mm ±0.2% (2) 45º ±0.5cm 2. sitting height (1) (2) ±0.5cm 3. body