2016 7, 23(4): 864 870 Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 研究论文 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1118.2016.15362 姜绪 1 1,, 杜美荣 2 1,, 蒋增杰 2 1,, 方建光 2, 赵学伟 3 3, 张媛 1.,, 266071; 2.,, 266200; 3., 116001 摘要 : 2012 5 9, 2013 3 6,, (5.6 10.5 14.4 21.2 ) (Patinopecten yessoensis) (Haida golden scallop), (5.6~21.2 ), 14.4,, 14.4, 1.67 mg/(g h) 1.27 mg/(g h), 5.6 14.4 (P<0.05); 10.5 21.2, (P>0.05) 5.6,,, 14.4, 0.063 mg/(g h),, 14.4 10.5 21.2 ( P<0.05); 5.6 10.5,, 10.5, 0.029 mg/(g h),, 21.2 5.6 21.2 (P<0.05); 14.4, (P<0.05); 10.5 (P>0.05) Q 10 O/N, ;,,,, : ; ; ; ; 中图分类号 : S917 文献标志码 : A 文章编号 : 1005 8737 (2016)04 0864 07 (Patinopecten yessoensis),,, 20 80,,,,, [1], (<0.2%), [2] 6, (Haida golden scallop) [2], [2], 收稿日期 : 2015-09-25; 修订日期 : 2015-11-29. 基金项目 : (2015ASKJ02); (20603022011003); (CARS-48); (2011BAD13B05). 作者简介 : (1988 ),,,. E-mail: jiangjili01@163.com 并列第一作者 : (1982 ),,,. E-mail: dumy@ysfri.ac.cn 通信作者 :,. E-mail: jiangzj@ysfri.ac.cn
4 : 865, [2 3],,, [4 10] [7] [8],, [7] 26, [8] 15,,,, 3, 4, 3, 4 h ± 0.5 (YSI proplus, ), ±0.2 mg/l;, [9] 1 1.1 (E124 47, N39 3 ),,, 1000 L 7 d,,, (Nitzschia closterium minutissima),, 4 : 2012 5 (10.5 ) 2012 9 (21.2 ) 2013 3 (5.6 ) 2013 6 (14.4 ) [11], 1, 100 L, 10,,,,, ( ) (mg/l), 1 1-; 2-; 3- ; 4- ; 5-; 6- ; 7- ; 8- ; 9- ; 10-; 11-; 12- ; 13- ; 14-. Fig. 1 Experimental device 1- plexiglass drum; 2- closures; 3- funnel; 4- support frame; 5- collection bottle; 6- upper bucket mouth; 7- bottom tube; 8- supporting mesh; 9- handle; 10- upper ring; 11- bottom ring; 12- support linkages; 13- ring; 14- nylon mesh.,, 0.01 mm, 0.01 g, 65 1.2 (OR) (NR) : OR=(DO 0 DO t ) V/(w t) NR=(N 0 N t ) V/(w t), OR [mg/(g h)], DO 0
866 23 DO t (mg/l); NR [mg/(g h)], N 0 N t (mg/l), V (L), w (g), t (h) Q 10, : 10/( t2 t1) 10 ( 2 / 1) Q M M, M 1 M 2 t 1 t 2 O.. N SPSS19.0, T, Duncan, P<0.05 2 2.1 1 T, (P>0.05) Tab. 1 表 1 实验扇贝生物学性状 Biology data of scallop used in the experiment /mm /mm /mm /g variety shell length shell height shell width tissue weight Patinopecten yessoensis 61.89±6.36 a 63.17±6.24 a 15.49±1.87 a 1.82±0.64 a Haida golden scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis 61.97±4.83 a 62.68±5.65 a 16.15±1.67 a 1.94±0.54 a : (P>0.05). Note: The same letter in the column means unsignificant difference (P>0.05). 2.2 2 (5.6~ 21.2 ), 14.4,, 14.4, 1.67 mg/(g h) 1.27 mg/(g h), 2 (P<0.05). Fig. 2 Oxygen consumption rate of two groups at different temperatures Values with different letters mean significant difference (P<0.05). 5.6 14.4 (P<0.05); 10.5 21.2, (P>0.05) 2.3 3 5.6,,, 14.4, 0.063 mg/(g h);, 14.4 10.5 21.2 ( P<0.05) 5.6 10.5, 10.5, 0.029 mg/(g h);, 21.2, 5.6, 21.2 14.4 10.5 ( P<0.05), 10.5 14.4 (P>0.05) 5.6 21.2 (P<0.05); 14.4, (P<0.05); 10.5 (P>0.05)
4 : 867 2.4 Q 10 Q 10 2 2, Q 10 3.375 2.069, 0.455 0.499, 3 (P<0.05) Fig. 3 The ammonia excretion rate of two groups at different temperatures Values with different letters mean significant difference (P<0.05) 1.542 1.267 Q 10 6.468 6.292, 0.228 0.702, 2.305 2.511 Q 10 3 23.03~36.05, 6.52~34.22 / temperature Tab. 2 表 2 不同温度下两组排氨率和耗氧率的 Q 10 系数 Q 10 values for oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of two groups Patinopecten yessoensis ammonia excretion rate oxygen consumption rate Haida golden scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis ammonia excretion rate oxygen consumption rate 5.6 10.5 1.134 2.069 0.228 6.292 10.5 14.4 3.375 1.378 1.286 1.272 14.4 21.2 0.455 0.499 6.468 0.702 5.6 21.2 1.203 1.125 1.238 1.778 mean 1.542 1.267 2.305 2.511 Tab. 3 表 3 不同温度下两组的氧氮比 Ratio of O/N of two groups at different temperatures / temperature variety 5.6 10.5 14.4 21.2 Patinopecten yessoensis 26.69 36.05 23.03 24.13 Haida golden scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis 6.52 34.22 34.03 11.21 3,,,,,, [12 14], (Mactra chinensis) (Chlamys farreri) [15 16] ; (Atgopecten irradians concentricus) (Spisula solidissima), [17 18] ; (Sinonovacula constrzcta) (Estellarca olivacea) [19 20], [8] :
868 23 14.4, 1.78 mg/(g h) 0.07 mg/(g h), [8] 2.72 mg/(g h) 0.07 mg/(g h),, 61 mm, [8] 56 mm,, [8] 2, [8],,,,, Q 10,, Q 10 Q 10 1.0~2.5, 2.0 [21], 10.5~14.4, 3.375, Q 10 14.4~21.2 6.438, Q 10 5.6~10.5 6.292,, (O/N),,,, O/N O/N 24, ; O/N 24, ; O/N 7, [22 24], 3 O/N 26.69, O/N 6.52,, 3,, O/N,,, O/N, O/N [25] 5 6, 14.4 23.03 24, 24, [3], 6 9,, O/N,, 参考文献 : [1] Dong J H. Interpretation of China Fishery Statistics Yearbook 2013[J]. China Fisheries, 2013(7): 19 20.[. 2013 [J]., 2013(7): 19 20.] [2] Li N. What accounting for orange color of Yesso Scallop Muscle (Patinopecten yessoensis) and its application in breeding[d]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China, 2009: 121 122.[. [D]. :, 2009: 121 122.] [3] Zhang Y Y. Investigation of the role and mechanism of ferritin in enhancing stress resistance in a new variety of Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis), Haida golden scallop [D]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China, 2013: 123 124.[. [D]. :, 2013: 123 124.] [4] Li W J, Xue Z F, Li H L, et al. The intermediate breeding of wild spats for Japanese scallop Patinopecten yessoensis[j]. Fisheries Science, 2010, 29(1): 19 22.[,,,. [J]., 2010, 29(1): 19 22.] [5] Li W J. The research and exploration of the breeding technique of Patinopecten yessoensis[j]. Frishery Science, 1996,
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870 23 commercially important bivalves[j]. Aquaculture, 2012, 334 337: 89 100. [25] Mao Y Z, Zhou Y, Yang H S, et al. Seasonal variation in metabolic rate of pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and its implication to summer mortality[j]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 2005, 36(5): 445 451.[,,,. (Crassostrea gigas) [J]., 2005, 36(5): 445 451.] Effects of temperature on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion by the Haida golden scallop and Yesso scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis JIANG Xu 1, DU Meirong 1, 2, JIANG Zengjie 1, 2, FANG Jianguang 1, 2, ZHAO Xuewei 3, ZHANG Yuan 3 1. Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China 2. Laboratroy for Marine Fisheries and Aquaculture, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, China; 3. Zhangzidao Group Co., Ltd., Dalian 116001, China Abstract: Oxygen consumption rates (ORs), ammonia excretion rates (NRs), and Q 10 and oxygen/nitrogen (O/N) ratios of the Haida Golden scallop and Yesso scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis, were measured seasonally from May 2012 to July 2013 under ambient conditions (5.6, 10.5, 14.4, and 21.2 ) using breathing bottles. The results showed that the variations in OR of Patinopecten yessoensis and Haida Golden scallop were identical at water temperatures of 5.6 21.2. OR increased with temperature when water temperature was <14.4 and decreased with temperature when temperature was >14.4. Maximum ORs of P. yessoensis and Haida Golden scallop were 1.67 mg/(g h) and 1.27 mg/(g h), respectively. The ORs of Haida Golden scallop were significantly lower than those of P. yessoensis at 5.6 and 14.4 (P<0.05) but not different at 10.5 and 21.2 ( P>0.05). The variations in NR of P. yessoensis and Haida Golden scallop differed. The NR of P. yessoensis increased with temperature and peaked at 14.4 (0.063 mg g 1 h 1 ) and then decreased. NR at 14.4 was higher than those at 10.5 and 21.2 ( P<0.05). The NR of Haida Golden scallop decreased from 5.6 to 10.5 and reached the minimum value at 10.5 [0.029 mg/(g h)] but then increased with temperature and peaked at 21.2. The NR of Haida Golden scallop was higher than those of P. yessoensis at 5.6 and 21.2 but lower than that of P. yessoensis at14.4 ( P<0.05). The difference was not significant at 10.5 ( P>0.05). The Q 10 of OR decreased with temperature. The O/N ratio showed that lipids and carbohydrates were the main P. yessoensis energy sources. Haida Golden scallop consumed protein at low temperature, switched to lipid and carbohydrates when the temperature increased, but switched back to protein when the temperature was highest. Key words: Patinopecten yessoensis; Haida Golden scallop; temperature; oxygen consumption rate; ammonia excretion rate Corresponding author: JIANG Zengjie. E-mail: jiangzj@ysfri.ac.cn