3 3 3 2 0 1 6 3 FINE CHEMICALS Vol. 3 3 No. 3 Mar. 2 0 1 6 610041 Camellia Oleifera Abel meal Sapindus Mukorossi Gaertn Gleditsia Sinensis Lam Sanherb Rosen m m = 1. 58 1. 00 Ⅲ 76% m m = 1. 90 1. 00 Ⅱ 10. 50% m m = 1. 58 1. 00 Ⅲ TQ423 A 1003-5214 2016 03-0295 - 07 Extraction and Purification of Nonionic Surfactant from Natural Plant and the Evaluation of Their Complex Synergism YU Li-jia YANG Jiang-yong LIU Chang-cheng CHEN Li CHEN Gang HONG Han-jun Sanherb Biotech Co. Ltd. Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China Abstract The method of extraction and purification of 3 nonionic surfactants from Camellia Oleifera Abel meal Sapindus Mukorossi Gaertn and Gleditsia Sinensis Lam were researched respectively in addition the influencing factors of their surfactant activity and their complex synergism were evaluated as well. The experimental results show that after extraction and purification the surfactant activity of the final extracts were obviously superior to the original natural materials. The influence factors on surfactant activity also showed that their surfactivity were enhanced while in acidic conditions high temperature and binary mixed systems but the effects of salinity and the hardness of water on their surfactivity were not obvious. Results showed that while the extracts were compounded in the proportion which calculated and conclued based on Rosen theory ability of m Sapindus Mukorossi Gaertn extracts m Gleditsia Sinensis Lam extracts = 1. 58 1. 00system systemⅢ to form micelles increaed by 76% than the single component while the ability of m Camellia Oleifera Abel meal extracts m Gleditsia Sinensis Lam extracts = 1. 90 1. 00 system system Ⅱ to reduce the surface tension enhanced by 10. 5% which indicated both of them have synergistic effect. Furthermore results of foam property testing indicated that compared with the single component the binary mixed systems showed excellent foam property especially the m Sapindus Mukorossi Gaertn extracts m Gleditsia 2015-11 - 16 2016-01 - 05 DOI 10. 13550 /j. jxhg. 2016. 03. 010 1987 - E - mail tech@ sanherb. com
296 FINE CHEMICALS 33 Sinensis Lam extracts = 1. 58 1. 00 system systemⅢ performed best. Key words natural surfacetant Camellia Oleifera Abel meal Sapindus Mukorossi Gaertn Gleditsia Sinensis Lam extraction and purification surface activity Sapindus Mukorossi Gaertn 2152 Camellia Oleifera Abel Gleditsia Sinensis Ross-Miles LC Lam - 20A 1. 2 1. 2. 1 1 500 g E 2 5 L V V 3 = 65 35 1 6 1 5 1 4 3 3 2 1 h 1 L D101 LAS 2 h 1 BV /h AES TX - 10 1 4 V V FAS ALSA = 0 100 20 80 30 70 50 50 80 20 100 0 1 BV /h TLC ADS - 7 2 h 1 BV /h 2 BV 100% 1 BV /h 40% HPLC HPLC 85% 5 1. 2. 2 500 g 5 L 1 V V = 60 40 1. 1 1 6 1 5 1 4 3 3 2 AR 1 h 1 L Al 2 SO 4 3 6 D101 HP20 1 L ADS - 7 D101 2 h Sephadex LH - 12 Amersham 1 BV /h 1 200 ~ 300 V V = 0 100 80 20 101 ZDHW 1 BV /h V V BC-R205 = 80 20 BZY 52% HPLC PHS - 3C HPLC PH UPR-II-2OL 85%
3 297 1. 2. 3 2 500 g Table 2 Comparison of each botanical surfactant before and 5 L V V after purification = 80 20 1 6 1 5 1 4 3 CMC / γ 3 h 2 h 1 h CMC / /mm CMC / γ CMC / /mm 1 L HP20 V V = 0 100 20 80 40 60 80 20 100 0 V V = 80 20 48% HPLC 1 BV /h 2. 3 2. 3. 1 g /L 1 HPLC 80% 1. 3 GB /T 22237 2008 7 1. 4 GB /T 7462 1994 8 Ross-Miles 0. 5 ~ 3. 5 g /L 40 ± 2 Rose-Miles 0 30 180 300 s - 2 g/l mn /m 30 s 180 s 300 s 2. 1 1 10 g /100 g HPLC 80% g/l mn /m 30 s 180 s 300 s 0. 81 42. 72 355 345 320 0. 23 36. 40 640 630 620 0. 64 40. 91 530 480 450 0. 12 37. 20 570 560 550 0. 43 39. 53 434 410 400 0. 19 37. 97 462 545 425 a b 1 Table 1 Physical index of each botanical surfactant / g /100 g ph /% > 10 40 6. 50 85 > 10 52 6. 00 80 > 10 48 6. 00 85 /% 2. 2 c 1 3 γ CMC CMC 2. 5 g /L Fig. 1 Effects of temperature on the surface tension of the 3 Ross-Miles 2 botanical surfactant with different concentration 2 γ 0 ~ 60
298 FINE CHEMICALS 33 2 3 3 1 ph =3 2b 2. 3. 2 Sapindoside B 5 2 2. 3. 3 5 20 50 100 150 g / L NaCl 3 a a b b c 2 3 ph Fig. 2 Effects of ph on the surface tension of the 3 botanical surfactant with different concentration c Fig. 3 Effects of NaCl on the surface tension of the 3 botanical ph =3. 63 ~12. 22 ph surfactant with different concentration 3 3 25
3 299 5 20 50 100 150 g /L 3 2. 4 2. 3. 4 2. 4. 1 CaCl 2 2. 06 g MgSO 4 2. 06 g 1 L m Ca 2 + m Mg 2 + 7 4 4 000 mg /L a b 10 - Rosen 11 u = u 1 500 1 000 500 100 mg /L u = u = u 4 m 1 m 2 CMC 1 CMC 2 9 m = 1. 21 1. 00 m = 1. 90 1. 00 m m = 1. 58 1. 00 5 g 100 ml 50 g /L / Ⅰ / Ⅱ / Ⅲ Ⅰ m m = 1. 21 1. 00 2. 74 g 2. 26 g 5 g 100 ml Ⅰ 50 g /L 2. 4. 2 25 5 4 Fig. 4 c 3 Effects of hardness of water on the surface tension of the 3 botanical surfactant with different concentration
300 FINE CHEMICALS 33 2. 4. 3 10 - Rosen 11 12 CMC 1 CMC 2 γ 1 γ 2 = x 1 CMC 1 + x 2 CMC 2 a b c = x 1 γ 1 + x 2 γ 2 system Ⅰ / Ⅰ system x 1 x 2 Ⅱ / Ⅱ system Ⅲ / Ⅲ 5 13 4 Fig. 5 Effects of compoud on the surface tension of the 3 botanical A γ CMC surfactant with different concentration 25 B 25 4 6 A /% = 1 - / 100 B /% = 1 - γ CMC /γ CMC 100 4 3 Table 4 The comparasion of the surface activity synergy of the 3 botanical surfactant Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ / / / 1. 21 1. 00 1. 90 1. 00 1. 58 1. 00 γ CMC / mn /m 33. 67 32. 80 34. 20 = x 1 CMC 1 + x 2 CMC 2 0. 21 0. 20 0. 16 a b c system Ⅰ / Ⅰ system Ⅱ / Ⅱ system Ⅲ / Ⅲ = x 1 γ 1 + x 2 γ 2 - / g/l 37. 10 0. 16 33. 67-0. 06 36. 68 0. 08 32. 80-0. 12 37. 66 0. 04 34. 20-0. 12 6 - / mn /m - 3. 43-3. 88-3. 46 Fig. 6 Foamming ability of compounded system A = 1 - / 100% 27. 00 60. 23 76. 00 B = 1 - / 100% 9. 25 10. 50 9. 18 6 / Sanherb Ⅲ Rosen A Ⅰ Ⅱ B
3 301 4 10. 50% 1 Yukiyoshi T Kenji M Takao M et al. Antimicrobial activities of Ⅲ > saponins of periearps of Sapindus mukurossi on dermatophytes J. Ⅱ > Ⅰ Natural Medicines 2001 55 1 11-16. Ⅱ > Ⅰ > Ⅲ Ⅲ 2 Wong W H Ryoji K Wakako C et al. Acyclic sesquiterpene 76% Ⅱ oligoglycosides from pericarps of Sapindus delavayi J. 10. 50% Phytochemistry 1991 30 8 2699-2702. 3. 3 1 5-01. CMC 6 γ CMC 2014 32 1 2 3 3 40 ~ 60 Miles S. 9. - 2012 46-49. 3 Rosen 10 Rosen M J / Ⅰ / Ⅱ / Ⅲ / J Ⅲ 76% / Ⅱ J. 1991 18 6 330-331. 4. J. 2010 33 2 267-272.. B P. CN 104744555A 2015-07. J. 87-90. 7 GB /T 22237 2008. S. 8 GB /T 7462 1994. Ross- M. Xi Y H. Surface concentration and molecular interactions in binary mixtures of surfactants J. Jounral of Colloid and Interface Science 1982 86 3 164-172. 11 Rosen M J. Surfactants and interfacial phenomena M. New York A John Wily and Sons Inc Publication 1989 20-25. 12.. 2000 30 6 1-4. 13. J. 2013 30 2 149-154. EI Compendex EI Compendex 2016 1 EI Compendex EI Compendex EI The Engineering Index EI 1884 Engineering information Inc. EI