Microsoft Word 葉一隆.doc

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Microsoft Word 葉一隆.doc"

炉慰庸蔡
5 years ago
Views:

1 60 3 Journal of Taiwan Agricultural Engineering Vol. 60, No. 3, September 2014 ph ph Value Characteristics and Pomacea Canaliculata Culling Performance of Tea Seed Kernel and Sapindus Doses Wan-Chu Chang * Yi-Lung Yeh 1979 ph 0.2 g1 g10 g50 g 100 g ph 0.2 g 100 g ph 4 ph g 100 g ph 5.3 ph 6 ph ph ABSTRACT Pomacea Canaliculata was introduced in 1979 as the edible snails; however, further it was abandoned, resulted serious loss in agricultural yields and ecological disaster. Based on organic agriculture and ecological protection considerations, this study used * yalung@mail.npust.edu.tw 1

2 natural plant extracts from Tea Seed Kernel and Sapindus to prevent Pomacea Canaliculata. By usingphvalue as measurement basis; five concentrations including 0.2 g, 1 g, 10 g, 50 gand 100 gon indoor constant temperature test and outdoor exposure test were determined under different temperatures. Result of experiments showed that Tea Seed Kernel is an acidic substance as the dose increases 0.2 gto 100 g, and thephvalue was 4 and 4.5 in indoor constant temperature test and outdoor exposure test; Sapindus rendered weak acid as the dose increases 0.2 gto 100 g, and thephvalue was 5.3 and 6 in indoor constant temperature test and outdoor exposure test. Tea Seed Kernel and Sapindus was positive correlated withphvalue and temperature, both of these substances have significant effectiveness in killing Pomacea Canaliculata. Concerning on environmental impact, Sapindus release weak acid in environment which is less threatening in soil and water, therefore Sapindus which has same effectiveness with Tea Seed Kernel was selected instead of Tea Seed Kernel as substrate to kill the Pomacea Canaliculata in paddy fields. Keywords: Pomacea Canaliculata, Tea Seed Kernel, Sapindus,pHValue. (Pomacea Canaliculata) % 北北 1989 (1) 1982 (2) ,425 ha 19,980 ha 3.76% (3) 3,090 (1) % 10~50 cm 2~45 北 (4) 151~ ~9 4 7,000~9,000 14~16 3~ (2) (5) 2

3 (6) (Anas Platyrhynchos) (Mylopharyngodon Piceus Richardson)(Clarias Batrachus) (7,8) (9) (10) (11) (2,11) (12-15) 100% %59.7% 46.0% (16) (14) (Fentin Acetate) (2,12,16) (6) (Metaldehyde) (Niclosamidc) 6%(Metaldehyde)80% 70% (Niclosamidc) 2,4384,900 4,250 (17) 3~4 cm 4 内 (13) 3

4 ph ph (Tea Seed Meal) 利 (Saponin) 10~15 ppm 力 1~2 1~2 ppm 了 (18) (Saoindus Mukorossi Gaertn.) (Sapondceae)(Sapindus) 40% (19) g 10, % g 8,000 50% 50% 2,500~3,000 8,000 1%24 50% 狀 % (20) 不 (Siphon) (21) ph g1 g 10 g50 g 100 g 600 cc 20 ph 冷 (22) 3.5 cm 10 4

5 g 1 g 10 g 50 g 100 g ph cm ph 3 ph cc g1 g10 g50 g 100 g 600 cc 4.1 ph g ph % 1 g ph % 10 g ph % 50 g ph % 100 g ph % 1 g ph 10 g 100 g ph g ph % 1 g 5

6 8 0.2 g 1 g 10 g 50 g 100 g ph g 1 g 10 g 50 g 100 g 4 20 ~29 ph g 1 g 10 g 50 g 100 g g 1 g 10 g 50 g 100 g 5 20~29 ph 7 20~29 ph ph % 10 g ph % 50 g ph % 100 g ph % 1 g ph 50 g 100 g ph 17% 21% 4.2 ph 20 ~29 ph 5~ g g 1 g 10 g 50 g 100 g 8 20~29 ph ph % ph % 1 g ph

7 -6.38% ph % 10 g ph % ph % 50 g ph % ph % 100 g ph % ph % ph 50 g 0.2 g ph % ph % 1 g ph % ph % 10 g ph % ph % 50 g ph % ph % 100 g ph % ph % ph ph ph % 20 70% % % ph ( 5~ 8 ) g 100 g ph 6.3~ g 100 g ph ~7.1 ph 10 g 0.2 g 1 g 18 ~40 3 cm ph 600c.c. 3 cm (1)(1) 9 10 = (1) ph ph ph 7

8 ph ph ph ph6.3~ph6.4 ph6.3~ph6.4 ph~ph ph 8

9 ph g 100 g ph4 1 g ph 2. ph ph7.5 ph6 0.2 g ph 3. ph ph g ph 10 g 6. ph ph ph 北省 8 view.php?catid= GISD/ISSG. biodiv.tw/ 8. 省 1986 北省 Liao, C. T., Lin, C. S. and Chang, C. C., 2004, Biological control of the golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) by black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceu) and walking catfish (Clarias batrachus), APEC Symposium on the Management of the Golden Apple Snail, pp Teo, S. S., 2001, Evaluation of different duck varieties for the control of the golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) in transplanted and direct seeded rice, Crop Protection, Vol. 20, pp (Pomacea canaliculata) 北 Cruz, M. S. de la., Joshi, R. C. and Martin, A. R., 2001, Basal application of fertilizer reduces golden apple snail population, International 9

10 Rice Research, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp Joshi, R. C. and Cruz, M. S. de la., 2001, Newspaper: a new attractant for golden apple snail management, International Rice Research, Vol. 26, No.2, pp Teo, S. S., 2003, Damage potential of the golden apple snail (Lamarck) in irrigated rice and its control by cultural approaches, International Journal of Pest Management, Vol. 49, No. 1, pp tdares_tdares_subadmin_ 北 Ι

論元人戰爭劇與戰爭場面的喜劇精神

論元人戰爭劇與戰爭場面的喜劇精神 2003 年 7 月頁 183-208 東華大學人文社會科學學院從陂塘到大圳桃園臺地的水利變遷陳鴻圖 * 提要受地形及水文環境的影響, 灌溉一直是桃園臺地急需解決的問題, 先民利用土壤及地勢的特性, 在本區大量興築陂塘, 最多時曾高達八