* 137 * Senior Executive Officer of Department of Special Examinations, Ministry of Examination
Approaches to Deal with the Trends of Fewer Generating and Population Aging in the System of National Examinations Yueh-Lan Liu Abstract The trends of fewer generating and population aging are important topics discussing within academy and government in the later years. These demographic changes will undermine the foundation of the nation. This article starts from introducing the trends of fewer generating and population aging. Then it presents the problems due to these demographic changes and the solutions coping with them. In planning the national examination policies, the government must deal with the impacts of fewer child and aging by considered thoughts and feasible strategies. KeyWords: Fewer generating, Population aging, National examination 138 國家 NATIONAL ELITE NO.27 第七卷 第三期
2010 50 1960 5.75 1970 4.00 1980 2.52 1990 1.81 2000 1.68 2009 1.03 2010 0.895 0.895 2011a 1 2011 1940 5.0 1997 2003 1.3 2005 1.25 2008 21 2008 65 7.8% 2040 14.7% Schoeni & Ofstedal, 2010 WHO 65 7% aging society 14% aged society 20% super-aged society 1993 7% 2017 14% 2025 20% 139
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2010 2010 GDP 2010 2004 Ergonomics Perry, 2010 1980 Home equity conversion: Reverse mortgage 62 65 141
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2005 1.25 2006 1.32 2007 1.34 2008 2010 2009 2009 2006 143
NATIONAL ELITE 144 國家第七卷第三期 NO.27 2008 Orr, 2010 20 2010 2009
2009 2010a 2010 23.17 2060 19.90 18.84 17.19 2006 community transportation Freund & Vine, 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 145
e 2011a 100 102 OSCE 2011b 3 146 國家 NATIONAL ELITE NO.27 第七卷 第三期
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NATIONAL ELITE 148 國家第七卷第三期 NO.27 156
1. 99 1 27 12 6 99 2. 3. 100 100 149
NATIONAL ELITE 150 國家第七卷第三期 NO.27 4. 2010 2 3
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2009 2011a 2011 8 23 http://www. ris.gov.tw/ch4/static/y7s700000.xls 2011b 99 2011 8 23 http:// www.ris. gov.tw/ch4/static/ st27-1.doc 1 2011 8 15 http://tw.news.yahoo. com/article/url/d/a/110815/4/2wvwb. html 2010a 2010 2060 2 0 1 0 b 2011 8 23 http://www.cepd.gov.tw/ m1.aspx?sno=0012844 2009 2009 26 127-145 2010 3 4 1-11 2006 5 1 27-42 2010 2010 10 2 81-109 2011a2011 8 22 http://wwwc.moex. gov.tw/main/content/submenu. aspx?menu_id=29 2011b 100 8 2010 5 3 149-168 2009 35 2 193-212 2010 4 66-73 2006 46 310-325 152 國家 NATIONAL ELITE NO.27 第七卷 第三期
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