CHAPTER 01 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Foreword 1-1 180410 19272 10123 2000 1-1 (Social Indicators, 2006)20154.31.82.4 1-2 (U.S.Census Bureau, Jan, 13, 2015) 1-1 10 10 第 1 個 1804 第 2 個 1927 123 第 3 個 1960 33 第 4 個 1974 14 第 5 個 1987 13 第 6 個 1999 12 第 7 個 2012 13 第 8 個 2025 13 第 9 個 2045 20 1-2 2015 年 134,034,782 57,179,795 76,854,987 月 11,169,565 4,764,983 6,404,582 日 367,219 156,657 210,562 分 255 109 146 秒 4.3 1.8 2.4 U.S. Census Bureau (Jan, 13, 2015). International programs - World Vital Events Per Time Unit: 2015. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/population/international/data/idb/worldvitalevents.php 2
CHAPTER 2013 71.601 12.517.5%60.0% 15.5%13.81/512.5 (36.8%) 210015.4 2014 0.230.32% 53 20500.190.2% Department of Economic and Social Affairs, 2013 2015 15~49 2005~2010 2.532095~2100 1.992007 1.12008 1.052011~2015 1.0 1950 20052050 1950 (global ageing) 2012 708.160 2050 2090 (United Nation, 2013) 2013 65 8.0%201 1-3 1993(aging society)65 7% 2018 14.6%(aged society)25 24 2025 20.1%(super-aged society) 3
1-3 2013 65 (%) 全球 8.0 非洲 3.5 亞洲 7.2 歐洲 16.9 拉丁美洲 7.2 北美洲 14.1 大洋洲 11.4 65 6574 (young old) 7585 (middle-old) 85 (oldest old) 65~7475~84 85~99100 (adult) 7~10% (mature) 11~14% (aged)14%2006 4
CHAPTER 01 (life expectancy, LE) 1-4 2003 69.767.9 72.1 2013 80.0276.988.3 2015(health life expectancy, HALE) 1-4 1950 46.0 65.8 41.1 1960 51.5 69.7 47.5 1970 56.6 71.3 54.1 1980 59.5 73.1 57.3 1990 62.6 74.8 60.8 2000 65.4 75.9 63.9 2010 67.9 76.7 66.7 2020 70.5 77.2 69.5 21 15 2050 15 1-5 6514 201411.99/13.99 = 85.7% 2061 41.0/8.7 = 471.3%5.5 6515~642014 12.0/74.1 = 16.2% 2061 81.4%5.022014 5
1-5 14 15~64 65 2014 (103) 13.9% 74.1% 12.0% 86.3% 2025 (114) 11.9% 68.0% 20.1% 168.3% 2035 (124) 10.6% 61.9% 27.5% 258.1% 2045 (134) 9.3% 56.8% 33.9% 364.5% 2055 (144) 8.7% 52.7% 38.6% 446.2% 2061 (150) 8.7% 50.4% 41.0% 471.3% (2014)103 105 65 0~142016100%20253.6 2050 20~14 65 15~64 201435.0%206198.6% 2014 60 90202020302040 43.5% 50.6% 55.8% 29.6% 36.5% 41.8% 2014 65.7%16.0%2015 565 12.21%37.5% 25.8% 11.1% 3.4% 2014 2015 522652,864,244 12.21% 102,931 1-6 2015 6
CHAPTER 01 1-6 104 5 104 5 (%) (104.5.30) (103.12.31) (104.5.30) 總計 23,456,545 2,864,244 12.21% 469,736 1,062 59,529 45,797 76.9% 485 35,334 16 8,068 102,931 2,191.3 359.4 新北市 3,965,926 412,927 10.41% 67,720 209 10,907 8,342 76.5% 76 5,695 2 909 17,511 2,585.8 424.1 台北市 2,705,921 388,742 14.37% 63,754 111 5,688 5,018 88.2% 21 1,286 6,974 1,093.9 179.4 桃園市 2,082,165 196,538 9.44% 32,232 60 3,378 2,530 74.9% 60 5,313 2 1,448 10,139 3,145.6 515.9 台中市 2,729,291 273,168 10.01% 44,800 65 4,176 3,351 80.2% 68 4,472 8,648 1,930.4 316.6 台南市 1,885,240 241,564 12.81% 39,616 110 5,533 4,409 79.7% 66 4,015 3 1,059 10,607 2,677.4 439.1 高雄市 2,778,793 339,707 12.22% 55,712 143 7,340 5,652 77.0% 8 510 2 1,340 9,190 1,649.6 270.5 宜蘭縣 458,250 64,243 14.02% 10,536 40 2,332 1,640 70.3% 37 2,635 4,967 4,714.4 773.2 新竹縣 538,712 61,054 11.33% 10,013 19 1,254 877 69.9% 8 884 2,138 2,135.3 350.2 苗栗縣 565,795 79,500 14.05% 13,038 16 1,084 823 75.9% 11 658 1,742 1,336.1 219.1 彰化縣 1,289,506 172,819 13.40% 28,342 56 3,578 2,575 72.0% 29 2,635 2 873 7,086 2,500.1 410.0 南投縣 511,940 76,468 14.94% 12,541 17 1,497 1,061 70.9% 15 1,189 2,686 2,141.8 351.3 雲林縣 702,304 114,434 16.29% 18,767 39 1,908 1,526 80.0% 12 742 1 401 3,051 1,625.7 266.6 嘉義縣 522,065 88,987 17.05% 14,594 25 1,226 953 77.7% 12 1,047 2,273 1,557.5 255.4 屏東縣 844,445 119,681 14.17% 19,628 60 3,384 2,393 70.7% 21 1,503 1 516 5,403 2,752.7 451.5 台東縣 223,326 31,757 14.22% 5,208 13 730 637 87.3% 4 311 1 448 1,489 2,859.0 468.9 花蓮縣 332,472 45,902 13.81% 7,528 14 1,134 776 68.4% 6 318 1 500 1,952 2,593.0 425.3 澎湖縣 101,838 14,827 14.56% 2,432 3 155 125 80.6% 2 139 294 1,209.1 198.3 基隆市 372,791 47,868 12.84% 7,850 30 1,892 1,348 71.2% 9 505 2,397 3,053.4 500.8 新竹市 432,692 44,534 10.29% 7,304 11 574 494 86.1% 6 246 1 574 1,394 1,908.7 313.0 嘉義市 270,958 33,796 12.47% 5,543 18 1,431 1,051 73.4% 13 1,226 2,657 4,793.8 786.2 金門縣 129,639 14,527 11.21% 2,382 2 294 198 67.3% 0 0 294 1,234.0 202.4 連江縣 12,476 1,201 9.63% 197 1 34 18 52.9% 1 5 39 1,980.1 324.7 =* 16.4% 2015 7 142015 8 3 http://www.sfaa.gov.tw/sfaa/pages/detail.aspx?nodeid=358&pid=460 7
1-2 2015 5 2,864,244 12.21% 469,736 9 (dichotomy) 140/90mmHg (wellbeing) (health-illness continuum) (developmental view of health) 1-1 (Hwu & Lin, 2004) 2005(social gerontology) (Hwu, 2002) 8
CHAPTER 01 1-1 1. (1) (independence) (2) (physical functioning) 2. (1) (contentment in social interaction) (2) (zest for life) 3. (1) (serenity) (2) (meaning) 9
(Hwu, Coates, & Boore, 2001) 1. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 2. 3. (empowerment) (NEW START)N=Nutrition E=ExerciseW=WaterS=Sunlight T=TemperanceA=AirR=RestT=Trust 10
CHAPTER 01 20142014 65 113,70669.8%(24.2%) (13.0%) (8.2%) 102 1. 65 81.1% 5433 25 21 2. 85.9%(8.7%) 2.1% 3. 20.8% 4. 165 121.6% 94.2% 47.0%985.2% 78.9%98 (2005) 2,480 19931996 (activities of daily living, ADLs) (instrumental activities of daily living, IADLs) 65% (2014) 201575 65 47 2015 2007 3 11
6555 50 IADLs (ADLs) (IADLs) 1~2 ADLsIADLs 3~4 ADLs 5ADLs 2014 65 2,812,000 12.0% 86.2% 2015 2015 5 1,06259,52945,79776.9% 20152014 485 35,3342015 516 8,0681-6 2006 (2014)65 57.4% 6.9% 6.1% 2000 1994 23.98%201135.8% 2011 12
CHAPTER 01 2014 6 47,7521.7% 2014 4,783 10.02% 20143,243,151 41.79% 23.47%16.77% 2014 2013(43.9%) (36.2%)1-7(62.3%) 1-7 % 1993 年 52.3 14.8 6.6 1.6 17.3 0.9 1996 年 45.3 17.6 7.3 6.4 13.2 0.4 2000 年 47.1 15.4 13.7 12.3 9.3 0.5 2002 年 51.7 17.4 11.8 22.6 12.2 0.6 2005 年 53.4 14.2 11.8 33.3 10.8 0.6 2009 年 48.3 17.4 7.9 29.7 14.9 0.4 2013 年 43.9 19.6 8.0 36.2 16.8 0.6 11 65 61 2009 10 1982007 10 5.5%658 5 200 9 1~10 8985.0% 13
(84.3%) (72.0%) (71.5%) (49.4) (21.6%) (67.1%) (38.2%) 10.7% 2014 1-3 2007 1864 1925(American Journal of Nursing, AJN) 1930 1940 (Ohio) Cuyahoga CountyHebrew 1943 14
CHAPTER 1962 1966 01 (American Nurses Association, ANA) 1968 1976 1984 (GNPs) 1990 (Eliopoulos, 2005) The John A. Hartford1929 (Centers of Geriatric Nursing Excellence, CGNE) 1950 (White House Conferences on Aging, WHCoA) 19581961 (medicare program) 19711981 19922005 2015 (2015 White House Conference on Aging, 29 July, 2014) (gerontological nursing) (geriatric nursing) (gerontology) (geriatrics) 15
(International Nursing Council, ICN) (Royal College Nursing, RCN) (American Nurses Association, ANA) 1988 199019921994 (Standards of gerontological nursing practice) (American Nurses Association, ANA) 2010 (: Scope and Standards of Practice) (Scope of gerontological nursing practice) 1. (generalist nursing practice) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) 2. (advanced nursing practice) 16
CHAPTER (1) 01 (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (Older people and primary health care) 2012 608.1202510 2050 20 (primary health care, PHC) 17
(Older people in emergencies) Fry(2014) 1. (healthcare system) (comprehensive geriatric assessment, CGA) 18
CHAPTER 01 (American Organization of Nurse Executives, AONE) 40% 70% (American Organization of Nurse Executives, 2010) 22 (2013) 2020 2. 3. 4. 2007 170 (Do Not Resusciate, DNR) 5. 90 3 6. 2011 19
2007 7. (2012) 101~104 1-4 (a society for all ages) (UNECE, 2012) (creating a new old)(creative aging) (the art of creative aging) 20