Ξ :,,,,, : 1998 1,, :,?, :,, 1,,,,?,,, ;,,,,,,, Ξ 1 :, :, 2002, 8 100
:,, 12 28,, 3 :,,,,,, ;,, 2,,,,,,, 1911,,,,,, 3, 1912 1927 10, 79, 69 69, 43, 5 4, 9, 4 4,,?, 1924 :,, 5 1927 :,,,,,, 6,,,,, :,, :,,, 2, :, 3 :, 2003, 241 4 : (1912 1928), 28, : (), 1999, :, 2002 2 5 : ( ), 1 8, 1924 05 10 4, 6 :, 4 32, 1927 02 06 4, 101
2005 4,,,,, 1915,,,,,, 1919,,,, ( ),, :,,, 7, 1919,,,,,,, 8,,,, :,,,,,,, : 1911, :,,,,,,, 9,,,,,,,,? : 1937,,,,,, 1945,,, 50, 30,, (), ( ), (), ( ), (), 1944, 12,,, 12 10,,,,,,,, 1934,,,,, CC, CC 7 :,: (),, 2004 8 :, 78, 139, 1982 9,, 1911 6 21 3,, 241 10 :,78, 119, 1982 102
, 11,,,,,, 12,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1946,,, 13,,,,,,,,, 14,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 15 :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,, ;,,,!,,,,,,,, :, 11 : ; :CC, 78, 1982 12 8,, 140 13 10,, 136 14 11,, 89 15 :, 78, 73, 1982 103
2005 4 :,, 1944 6 :, 16,,,,,,, 20 17 :,,,, 18,,,, 1952 6000, 28000 22 % 19,, : 20,,,,,,,,,,,, :!, :, 21 :,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 22, :?,,, 16,, 1944 6 13 17 :, 1999 4 18 :,, 2001, 123 19 : :, 1998 4 20 :, 18,, 31 21 :, 18,, 157 22 18,, 121 104
23,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,!,, 24,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1945 7,,, :,, ;, 25,,,,,,,, 1953 1 5, :,,, (, ) 1953, 23,,,,,,,, :, :, 2004, 32 24 18,, 121 25 :, 80, 1982, 148 105
2005 4,,,,,,, 26,,,,,,,,,,,,,, : 27,, :, 1978 43 :, 1979,,,,, 1982 1983, >,,,,,,, 28,,,, ( ),, 20 90,,,,,,,,,,, 26, 1977, 72 27 :,,, 2, 1994 28 19, 106
,,,, 29,,,,, 6 :,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,, 30, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 31, 29 30 :, 1981, 20 31 [] :,, 2004, 167 107
2005 4,,,,, 20, 20 ; ; ( ) ; 32,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 50 :,,,,,,, 33 :???, :,,,,, 34, 1953 5 8, :,,,,,, 35, : 32:20, 2004 1 33:, 2004, 114 34:, 1997, 313 35(1953),, 97 108
( ),,,,,,,??,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1970, 90 % 70 % 65 %, 1985, 65 %,, 1992, 1974 100 196,, 40 %,, 23 %,,, 1983, 101 30, 77 %,,,,, 36, 90 % 37 1992,,, 87 %, 1997, 38 36Sanja Kutnjak Ivkovic, An Inside View : Professional Judgesand Lay JudgesSupport for Mixed Tribunals, Law&Policy, Vol. 25, No2, April 2003. p101-104. 37Stanley Anderson, Lay Judges and Jurors in Denmark, The American Journal of Comparative Law 38, 1990, p. 839-864. 38 36 109
2005 4 ( )??,,? : 39,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 40,,,,, 41,, 39 :, http : / / dy5. 8yn. com/ xsx/ 000828/ songxiaohai. htm. 40 36, p. 96 41, 43, : 110, 2005 3 29
, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,, 42,,, 43,,, 44,,, ;,,, () 1963, :,,, 45 1980,,, 46 47,,,,,,, 42:, 1999, 39 43 :, 2003, 136 44 :,, 1984 45 :, http : / / www. cass. net. cn/ webnew/ file/ 200441413758. html. 46 :, 47 :, 2004 10 11 http : / / news. xinhuanet. com/ zhengfu/ 2004-10/ 12/ content-2079404. htm. 111
2005 4,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 48,, 49, (),,,,,,,,,,,,, (),,, 1.,,,,,,,,,,, 2.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 3.,,,,,,,,,, 4.,,, 48[] Q:, 1995, 377 49 :, 2002 5 112
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 5.,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 50,,,, Abstract : Since the end of Qing dynasty, we China have tried to construct the court institution in modern sense, yet up to now it doesnt work well. An important reason for the failure is that we fail to deal with the relation between the professionalization of judges and the democratization of judicatory. Generally speaking, the construc2 tion of judicatory has moved along the path of professionalization of judicatory since the Cultural Revolution. How2 ever, without the cooperation of the construction of democratization of judicatory, the professionalization of judica2 tory didnt come into being, rather, it has brought bureaucracy heavily. To solve it, we should construct the democratization of judicatory. The conjunct point of the professionalization of judges and the democratization of judicatory is the jury system. Jury system is not only a judicial system, but also a political system. Key words : professionalization, democratization, judicatory 50 17, 113