2 2013 2012 65 90 2 2.1 2.1.1 65 65 2010 2011 2012 (S/X) VLBI 2012 10 28 2012 2012 2012 2012 3 14 65 65 2012 3 20 4 17 5 13 7 23 2012 5 2012 10 19 S/X

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2013 34 ANNALS OF SHANGHAI OBSERVATORY ACADEMIA SINICA No. 34, 2013 2012 ( 200030 ) 2012 P112 G31 1 2012 2012 131 2012 746 2012 217 SCI 126 SCI 63 SCI 1015 1) 65 2012 2) SHAO-1( ) (CE-3) (CE-2) 2012 3) VLBI 4) SHAO-2 5) (satellite laser ranging, SLR) (International Laser Ranging Service, ILRS) 6) 2012 49 21 28 VLBI 2013-07-17 2013-09-09

2 2013 2012 65 90 2 2.1 2.1.1 65 65 2010 2011 2012 (S/X) VLBI 2012 10 28 2012 2012 2012 2012 3 14 65 65 2012 3 20 4 17 5 13 7 23 2012 5 2012 10 19 S/X 2012 11 25 C L 2012 12 65 2012 1 2012 10 2012 11 (Chinese VLBI data acquisition system, CDAS) 2012 10 VLBI (Chinese VLBI Network, CVN) 2012 10 VLBI (uninterruptible power system, UPS) 2012 10 26 65 18 2012 12 13 65 S/X 4179 (4179 Toutatis)

34 2012 3 2.1.2 VLBI (SHAO-1) 2012 VLBI CE-3 CE-2 2012 (1) VLBI CE-2 ( 4179) VLBI VLBI CE-2 L2 L2 CE-2 CE-2 VLBI CE-3 CE-2 CE-3 ( ) VLBI VLBI CE-3 VLBI CE-3 VLBI 2012 5 9 CE-3 2012 VLBI VLBI 10 DBBC Pcal 4 CE-3 CE-3 (2) 2012 VLBI VLBI 25 2012 VLBI VLBI 2012 3

4 2013 VLBI VLBI 2012 12 2.1.3 SHAO-2 Compassm3 (Global Navigation Satellite System, GNSS) (precise point positioning, PPP) 5 cm PPP 2.1.4 VLBI VLBI 2483.74 2012 190.14 VLBI 10 2012 VLBI VLBI UV 2.1.5 2012 3 SLR ILRS ILRS 2012 (Analysis Working Group AWG) (Earth orientation parameters, EOP) EOP (Doppler Orbitography by Radiopositioning Integrated on Satellite, DORIS) SLR

34 2012 5 2.1.6 2012 9 2012 YH 2012 5 2012 6 2.1.7 2012 4 2026 2013 2015 2013 5 2.2 2.2.1 Ekman Ekman X VLBI 750 m 2.2.2 (Global Positioning System, GPS) (Global Navigation Satellite System, GLONASS) L2 GPS GLONASS GPS GPS GPS+

6 2013 (ocean bottom pressure, OBP) GPS+OBP+ (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment, GRACE) GPS GPS 2.2.3 (Radio Navigation Satellite System, RNSS) (Radio Determination Satellite System, RDSS) L2 VLBI 65 2.2.4 CE-3 VLBI CE-2 L2 CE-2 CE-2 ( DOR) DOR (Lunar-based Ultraviolet Telescope, LUT) 2.2.5 GNSS GNSS GPS/GLONASS GNSS GNSS GNSS GNSS 2.2.6

34 2012 7 (Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe, WMAP) (WMAP1 WMAP3 WMAP7) ( 300 3000 ) (bulk flow) 2.2.7 (two-zone) 2009 γ 2.2.8 VLBI (European VLBI Network, EVN) (Mulit-element Radio-linked Interferometer Network, MERLIN) (Very Long Baseline Array VLBA) 9 BL Lac (BL Lacertae Objects) 2.2.9 UCAC4 2012 16 mag Geneva-Copenhagen (RAVE) 10 000 z M 10 Gyr (1 Gyr= 10 9

8 2013 a) 2012 8 (Astrophysical Journal, ApJ) X 9 28 2.2.10 (1) 1 VLBI (EVN) 1 VLBA EVN VLBI (International VLBI Service, IVS) VLBI (2) 8.2 Subaru 4U 0142+61 (Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, WISE) 50 (asymptotic giant branch AGB) WISE (3) GX 339-4 MAXI J1659-542 X X 2.3 2.3.1 2012 8 SK-4901/4902 XX-2 XX-2 X SHAO-2 XX-2 2.3.2 60 CCD(charge-coupled device) Ajisai 5 CCD

34 2012 9 3 2012 9 5 1.56 (Fizeau) 1.8 4 CCD 2.3.3 / 2.4 2012 217 SCI 126 SCI 63 SCI 1015 ( SCI 765 SCI 250 ) 2012 1 1 3 2 7 2012 ( 26 ) ( 30 ) 2011

10 2013 2.5 2.5.1 973 1 973 5 863 2 1 1 1 2012 31 2 1 9 12 2 1 2 2 97 5 2013 2.5.2 3 1 2 VLBI 2 B ( ) 4 ( ) / (Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array, ALMA) SgrA M87 AGB 2.5.3 2012 4 9 2.6 2.6.1 25 2012 CE-2 42 46 VLBI CE-2 ( 4179) 25 65 CE-2 2.6.2 SLR 1796 25 271 459 SLR (Compass)

34 2012 11 60 0.3 0.7 1.56 60 38 000 2.6.3 1.56 2012 1.56 82 d 67 d 15 d 821 CCD CCD 2.7 2.7.1 2012 94 164 61 2 9 1 4 2012 BigBOSS VLBA 65 (Max-Planck Institute for Astrophysics) G. Kauffmann 2006 (Nikolaev Astronomical Observatory, NAO) 2011 2012 (The Tahiti Geodesy Observatory Observatoire Géodésique de Tahiti OGT)

12 2013 (Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences) VLBI (CVN) VLBI (EVN) ( ) VLBI (Square Kilometer Array SKA) 15 100 40 10 2.7.2 (1) ( ) 2012 6 14 ( ) 26 24 (2) 2012 6 21 3 2012 74 32 2012 22 Martin C. Smith

34 2012 13 2012 ( ) 24 18 79.2% 94.4% 2012 25 11 14 100% 48.1% 25.9% 7.4% 7.4% 11.1% 2012 134 ( 70 64 ) 30 164 ( )1 4 4.1 A B A (A ) 2012 2012 ( ) 2013 8000 3000 B 65 4.2 2 3 2 3 2 60 25 60 4.3 50 20 6 4 (A B ) 1600

14 2013 5 5.1 65 50 11 50 140 (2002 2012) 2012 10 28 65 50 140 65 150 600 65 50 140 5.2 ( ) 2012 VLBI BigBoss(Big Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey) 5.3 2012 ARP (address resolution protocol)

34 2012 15 5.4 7 11 2012 5.5 65 2012 65 54 5.6 8 25 60 65 2012 2011 2012 5.7 2012 50 140 65 65 65 10 21 ( ) 9 65 50 140 2012 12 2012 30 46

16 2013 5.8 ( ) 65 IPv6 (internet protocol version 6) ARP (academic resource planning) 5.9 (institutional repository, IR) 1984 2012 15 5.10 5.11 16 9 3 16 2000 20 22 6 6.1 2012 5 2

34 2012 17 2012 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 6.2 + 2012 6 6.3 2012 50 140 60 OK 50 140 90 90 6.4 70 80

18 2013 6.5 2012 2 6.6 2012 3000 The Annual Report of Shanghai Astronomical Observatory in 2012 HONG Xiao-yu (Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030) Abstract: In this paper, we review the scientific research, international cooperation, graduate student education, Sheshan science and technology park construction, scientific research management and civilization of Shanghai Astronomical Observatory in 2012. Key words: scientific research; international cooperation; personal training and introducing; scientific research management; civilization