土 壤 (Soils), 2013, 45(3): 565 571 1 苏 南 地 区 净 第 一 性 生 产 力 对 土 地 利 用 变 化 的 响 应 1 2 1* 3 2 (1 210023 2 210024 3 210008) CASA 1999 2008 (NPP) NPP 1 1999 2008 NPP 19 NPP ( C )242.04 g/m 2 ( C )70.94 g/m 2 NPP 2 1999 2008 6 NPP 55.69% 45.74% NPP 3 NPP 0.523 - - - - 4 NPP LUCC NPP CASA K903 CO 2 [1] (net primary productivity NPP) [2] /(land use change/cover LUCC) NPP NPP GIS NPP NPP [3] NPP [4] [5] Miami Thornthwaite-Memorial Chikug 3 NPP Donmez [6] CASA NPP [7] NPP NPP NPP [8] NPP YU [9] NPP NPP GAO [10] NPP NPP NPP NPP NPP NPP NPP NPP / NPP LUCC (41001047) (DCPJ121504-01) * (shaohuawu@126.com) (1989 )E-mail: liang.dai891217@gmail.com
566 45 CASA 1999 2008 NPP NPP NPP 1 1.1 2.8 km 2 ( 1) 15 ~ 17 1 000 ~ 1 800 mm 2008 39.4% 61.9% GDP 50.39% 6.98% 0.51% 21.25% 20.83% 0.04% 3 399.46 km 2 5 813.68 km 2 / 1.2 1999 2008 3 VITO/CTIV VGT-S10 NDVI 72 30 m 1.3 1.3.1 NPP NPP CASA (NPP) (APAR)(ε) [11-13] NPP( x, t) = APAR( x, t) ε ( x, t) (1) APAR( xt, ) = SOL( xt, ) FPAR( xt, ) 0.5 (2) ε ( xt, ) = Tε1( xt, ) Tε2( xt, ) Wε( xt, ) ε (3) NPP(x, t) x t (g/m 2 C ) APAR(x, t) x t (MJ/m 2 ) ε(x, t) x t ( C g/mj) SOL(x, t) x t (MJ/m 2 ) FPAR(x, t) 0.5 ( 0.38 ~ 0.71 μm)t ε1 T ε2 W ε ε * ( C )0.389 g/mj [14] 图 1 研 究 区 概 况 图 Fig.1 Sketch map of study area
3 567 1.3.2 Markov [15] P11 P1 n P = Pij = (0<Pij<, 1 Pij = 1) (4) Pn 1 Pnn P n P ij i j i j i 1.3.3 LUCC NPP CASA Markov 1999 2008 NPP LUCC ArcGIS 9.3 LUCC NPP (zonal statistical) NPP LUCC NPP 2 2.1 NPP CASA 1999 2008 NPP ( 2) 1999 NPP 221.55 g/m 2 2008 116.05 g/m 2 1999 NPP NPP 113.19 g/m 2 363.95 g/m 2 2008 NPP 248.46 g/m 2 35.56 g/m 2 1999 2008 NPP 137.46 116.04NPP Fig. 2 图 2 1999 年 (a) 和 2008(b) 苏 南 地 区 NPP 空 间 分 布 格 局 NPP spatial distribution patterns of south Jiangsu in 1999(a) and 2008(b) NPP 1999 NPP 2008 NPP 1999 2008 NPP 0.02 ~ 408.85 g/m 2 ( 3) NPP 242.04 g/m 2 NPP 70.94 g/m 2 NPP 150 g/m 2 90 g/m 2 2.2 Markov ( 1) 1999 2008 图 3 区 域 尺 度 下 NPP 变 化 图 Fig. 3 NPP changes on regional scale
568 45 表 1 1999 2008 年 土 地 利 用 变 化 转 移 矩 阵 Table 1 Land use change and transfer matrix from 1999 to 2008 (hm 2 ) 1 247 292 27 408 1 894 94 780 320 535 97 (%) 73.72 1.62 0.11 5.60 18.94 0.01 (hm 2 ) 23 741 160 082 320 2 389 12 846 313 (%) 11.89 80.16 0.16 1.20 6.43 0.16 (hm 2 ) 1169 348 9 540 3 355 853 4 (%) 7.66 2.28 62.48 21.97 5.59 0.03 (hm 2 ) 36 286 2 517 2 403 485 502 14 450 48 (%) 6.70 0.47 0.44 89.71 2.67 0.01 (hm 2 ) 97 012 3 983 187 6 215 232 472 36 (%) 28.54 1.17 0.06 1.83 68.39 0.01 (hm 2 ) 141 265 6 213 163 690 (%) 9.54 17.93 0.41 14.41 11.03 46.68 2 863.73 km 2 73.73% 18.94% 28.54% 9.53% 6.7% 2 414.17 km 2 71.02% 2.9 km 2 [16] 2.3 LUCC NPP NPP LUCC NPP NPP 2.3.1 NPP ( 2) 1999 NPP 270.39 g/m 2 NPP 74.22 g/m 2 2008 NPP 187.08 g/m 2 NPP NPP NPP 1999 2008 NPP NPP NPP 2 1999 2008 NPP 7.82% 187.22 g/m 2 82.96 g/m 2 55.69% NPP 5.93% 45.74% 270.39 g/m 2 146.72 g/m 2 30.96% 25.69% 8.97% NPP 2.73 g/m 2 表 2 不 同 用 地 类 型 的 NPP 统 计 特 征 (g/m 2 ) Table 2 NPP statistical characteristics of different land use types 1999 2008 ± ± 3.47 443.64 270.39 ± 114.40 2.24 426.11 146.72 89.69 1.36 441.37 251.74 ± 118.41 1.55 423.45 187.08 97.30 6.95 269.54 87.40 ± 60.96 10.49 230.78 79.56 53.48 0.06 443.17 74.22 ± 104.89 0.06 422.91 51.24 63.05 8.24 441.21 187.22 ± 130.02 3.45 428.04 82.96 73.66 4.02 409.95 152.78 ± 127.90 12.03 396.89 150.05 173.28
3 569 2.3.2 LUCC NPP NPP NPP NPP NPP Zonal Statistical 36 NPP NPP NPP ( 3) 3 表 3 LUCC 与 NPP 变 化 间 的 相 关 性 Table 3 Correlation between LUCC and NPP change 1 692 443 199 822 15 270 541 342 339 946 1 478 0.523 0.477 0.440 0.373 0.413 0.106 (0.523) (0.477) (0.440) ( 0.413) ( 0.373) ( 0.106) NPP NPP 0.523 0.413 NPP 2.3.3 NPP 1999 2008 - - - - 4 NPP NPP ( 4) 1999 2008 NPP 123.67 g/m 2 NPP 145.82 g/m 2 NPP 10.85 g/m 2 NPP [17-18] 表 4 1999 2008 年 LUCC 下 NPP 损 益 矩 阵 (g/m 2 ) Table 4 NPP loss and gain matrix under LUCC from 1999 to 2008 123.67 10.85 125.08 145.82 73.47 10.85 64.66 135.93 156.68 84.32 125.08 135.93 7.84 20.75 51.61 145.82 156.68 20.75 22.98 72.36 73.47 84.32 51.61 72.36 104.26 NPP NPP 64.66 g/m 2 NPP 156.68 g/m 2 NPP 135.93 125.08 51.61 g/m 2 NPP NPP 156.68 g/m 2 20.75 g/m 2 NPP 104.26 g/m 2 [19] 3 CASA 1999 2008 NPP NPP NPP (1) 1999 2008 NPP 19 NPP NPP NPP (2) 1999 2008 (3) 1999 2008 6
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3 571 Net Primary Productivity of South Jiangsu in Response to Land Use Cover/Change DAI Liang 1, PENG Hui 2, WU Shao-hua 1*, LIN Chen 3, HUANG Li-hua 2 (1 School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; 2 Jiangsu Institute of Land Surveying and Planning, Nanjing 210024, China; 3 Nanjing Institute of Geography& Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China) Abstract: Net primary productivity (NPP) of South Jiangsu in 1999 and 2008 was estimated through CASA model, the spatial and temporal variations of NPP and its response to land use cover/change (LUCC) was also analyzed. The result showed: 1) from 1999 to 2008, NPP of South Jiangsu changed greatly both in space and time. 2) On regional scale, NPP of all 19 counties decreased: NPP of Kunshan reduced to the maximum of 242.04 g/m 2, while Yangzhong reduced the minimum of 70.94 g/m 2. High value area of NPP reduction was in Taihu basin and the low value zone was located in the northwest of South Jiangsu. 3) On land use scale, the average NPPs of six types were in decline: construction land and farmland decreased greatly with decline rates 55.69% and 45.74% respectively. In the high value area of NPP reduction, the conversion between farmland and construction land was most prominent while the NPP reduction in low value area was mainly due to the transformation between forest and grass land. This phenomenon was inconsistent to land use in city group of Taihu basin. The correlation between NPP change and farmland change was highest to 0.523. NPP loss and gain were great in four conversion modes: forest-water, farmland-water, forest-grassland and farmland-grassland. Key words: South Jiangsu, LUCC, NPP, CASA model