65 3 Vol. 65, No. 3 2 0 0 7 6 ACTA METEOROLO GICA SIN ICA J une 2007 Ξ 1,2 1 1 1, LASG,, 100029 2,,100081 1958 1998, 3, ( ),,, ;,,, 160 E ;, R42L9,,, Rossby,, :,, :,,, 1 700 hpa [629 ] [10 ] [11 ], [1 ],, ITCZ, 3 Wu Wang [2 ] [12 ], ( PV),, [324 ], [13 700 600 500 hpa ] [14 ] [16 ] Harr [5 ] [15 ] Liu [17 ] Rodwell [18 ], : Ξ :2005 5 31 ; :2007 6 12 : (2006CB403607), (40475027 40221503 40575028 40523001) :, E2mail :rensl @cma. gov. cn ;slren @mail. iap. ac. cn
330 65 Nikaidon [19 ] 2. 3 3, 3 : ; [20 ] 1958 [21 ], 1998 7 8, [22224 ] 23, 1a 1 23 ( ) : 6219 6310 6313 6318 6412 6517 6724 6815 6817 6907 7118 7119 7121 7218, 7617 7706 7911 8012 8209 8210 8213 8303 2 2. 1 6311 7217 6210 6714 8009 8708 7810 5822 6912 6621 6220 7918 9310 8714 9010 9503, 4 : 02 : 00 08 : 00 9211, 14 :00 20 :00 U TC (, ), NCEP/ NCAR [25 ] 8 d 8 d,, 1. 875 1. 875, 2. 5 2. 5, 4 : 00 : 00 06 :00 12 : 00 18 :00 U TC, 7,,, 1c 3 02 :00, ( 1d) 00 :00 3 ( 1d), 2. 2,, 145 E,, 10. 5 N [325 ],,, 150 E, 26 N 130 E [628 ], 1, 10 12 15 N 9714, 23, 1b 1 23 ( ) : 6522 6213 5906 6521 6808 6411,, 1 6, 6 8 3, 2 3 4 ( ( 1d) ) 500 hpa, (0 50 N, 80 E 180 ), 5880 gpm,,,
3 : 331 1 ( a b 1 23 ;a.,b.,c.,d. 1a b c,, 1 8 02 :00 ) Fig. 1 Three typical kinds of Northwest Pacific typhoon track cases and their average tracks (1-23 : TC s number are given in (a,b) and directly labeled in (c), (a) Westward and northwestward tracks (23 cases) ; (b) recurving tracks (23 cases) ; (c) northward tracks (7 cases) ; (d) average tracks of westward and northwestward (solid line with open circles), recurving (solid line with triangles), and northward (solid line with five2pointed stars) tracks at 02 :00 U TC for the first eight days, respectively) ( 2) 150 E,,, 2,, 4,, 4, 5,, 160 E 7,,, 5 8, 120 E [11 ], 120 E 4 134 E 8 124 E,,,,, ( 3),,,
332 65 2 00 :00 500 hpa (, 5800 gpm 50 gpm, 5800 gpm 20 gpm) (, 12 m/ s ) ( 5880 gpm, ; 02 :00 ) (a. 1 ; b. 3 ; c. 5 ; d. 7 ) Fig. 2 00 :00 U TC 500 hpa geopotential height (solid line, the interval is 50 gpm/ 20 gpm when the geopotential height is greater/ less than 5800 gpm, respectively, and the geopotential height greater than 5880 gpm is shaded, representing the Northwest Pacific subtropical high and wind (vector, m/ s) fields for westward tracks. represents the typhoon s center at 02 :00 UTC (a) First day ; (b) third day ; (c) fifth day ; (d) seventh day) 3 2, Fig. 3 Same as Fig. 2 but for recurving tracks
3 : 333 4 2, Fig. 4 Same as Fig. 2 but for northward tracks ( 4) 3 GOAL S R42L9 R15L9 [26227 ],, 1 120 E 2 2. 8125 ( ) 1. 66 ( ), 9, 3, 4 [28 ] SSiB [29230 ],, 5 Shi [31 ] K2, 6 h,, 7 15 ;, 1978 1 1, 8 5860 gpm 4 a, 4 271,, 4, 63, 271 500 hpa, ( 5b), ( 2a) ; 63 500 hpa, : ( 5c), 3, ( 4a) 10 d, 1 2, 4. 2,, 5a : 6 (336 hpa) 4 6. 68 5. 625, 4. 1 16, 14 5, 7 LASG/ IAP 10, 5
334 65 5 (a) ; 1 (b) 2 (c) 500 hpa ( 5860 gpm ; ) Fig. 5 (a) Position of the temperature disturbance added in sensitive experiments ; and (b) and (c) are initial 500 hpa geopotential heights in experiments 1 and 2, respectively, with the geopotential height greater than 5860 gpm shaded and the location of the temperature disturbance denoted by a solid2rectangle 7 (54,45) ; [32 ], (14. 85 N,149. 0625 E) 2,, ( 6), 7 5 1 2 500 hpa 5b 5c 500 hpa, 5a, 10 d 6 2 4 850 hpa 1 d, (, ) 5 d 2, : ( 8 ) 1280 gpm, 3, 1 2 : 1 1160 gpm, : 6 500 hpa,, ( 8 ) (1) 1, 5, 2 2,, 80, gpm, 4 5 6,, 1,, ; 2 ;,, (2) 1,,
3 : 335 6 1 (a) 2 (b) 2 (a 1 b 1 ) 3 (a 2 b 2 ) 4 (a 3 b 3 ) 850 hpa ( 1440 gpm 20 gpm, 1440 gpm 40 gpm ;a 4 b 4 1 5 850 hpa ) Fig. 6 850 hpa geopotential height (solid line, the interval is 20 gpm/ 40 gpm when the geopotential height is greater/ less than 1440 gpm, respectively) and wind (vector ; m/ s) fields on the second, third and forth day, as indicated, in simulation experiments 1 (a) and 2 (b) ( The tracks of maximum vorticity centers at the typhoon centers from the first to fifth day in the two experiments are shown in the two bottom panels, respectively)
336 65 7 1 (a) 2 (b) 500 hpa 500 hpa 1 (a 1 b 1 ) 3 (a 2 b 2 ) 5 (a 3 b 3 ) ( :gpm, 20 gpm ) Fig. 7 Difference of 500 hpa geopotential heights(gpm) between sensitive experiment and control run at the first, third and fifth day, as indicated, for experiment 1 (a) and 2 (b) (Differences greater than 20 gpm are shaded, and dashed arrows indicates energy transmit tracks), ( ) (200 500 850 hpa),, 500 hpa 200 hpa 500 850 hpa,,, ( ), ( ), ( 6a) ; :,, ( 6b), 500 700 hpa 8 1 2 3 ;
3 : 337 8 3 1 (a) 2 (b) 200 500 850 hpa Fig. 8 Differences of geopotential heights between sensitive experiments and control run at the third day at 200, 500 and 850 hpa, as indicated, for experiments 1 (a) and 2 (b), 9 9 t + u 9 2 9 x h + 9 2 u 9 0-9y 2 = 0 9x = ( y) e ik ( x - ct), u - c 0 Rossby d 2 8 1 d y 2 + l 2 = 0 u = u ( y), 9 2 u 0 - [33 ] Rossby l 2 9y 2 - k 2 y u - c
338 65 l 2 > 0, y ( ), 9 1 (a) 2 (b) l 2 < 0 122 E,Rossby, ( Rossby, l 2 = K 2 0 - k 2, 9a), Rossby 0-92 u 9 y 2 K 0 =,, u 0 < u < 0 - Rossby, ( 9b), 9 2 u 9 y 2 k - 2,,,,Rossby, ; Rossby 9 1 2 122 E u ( m/ s, ( ), ( ) ) Fig. 9 Vertical cross section of the zonal wind (m/ s) in area and in Fig. 8a along 122 E in experiment 1 (a) 7 and 2 (b) (Dashed line : negative, solid line : positive, thick line : zero contour),,, ;, :,
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