7 5 Vol. 7 No. 5 2016 5 Journal of Food Safety and Quality May, 2016 郑璇 1*, 王莹 1, 李晶晶 2, 蔡纯 1, 都兴洋 3, 张海铃 (1., 510623; 2., 100088; 3., 510623) 1 摘要 :, 2013~2015,,,, 关键词 : ; ; Risk analysis of safety elements in imported edible bird's nest ZHENG Xuan 1*, WANG Ying 1, LI Jing-Jing 2, CAI Chun 1, DU Xing-Yang 3, ZHANG Hai-Ling 1 (1. Guangdong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine, Guangzhou 510623, China; 2. State Intellectual Property Office, Beijing 100088, China; 3. Guangzhou Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine, Guangzhou 510623, China) ABSTRACT: Using the principles and procedures of food safety risk analysis approved by Codex Alimentarius Committee and Ministry of Health of China, this article conducted the systemic risk analysis on edible bird s nest (EBN) imported from Indonesian with steps of risk assessment, risk management and risk communication. Some samples of edible bird s nest imported during the years 2013~2015 were monitored. Based on analyzing the risk of animal health and public health, risk of toxic and harmful substances and the bird's nest secondary pollution in the process, avian influenza virus, Salmonella, pathogenic Escherichia coli, nitrite and stains were considered as high risk hazards, while lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury and other heavy minerals and sulfur dioxide were considered as low risk hazards. Based on the results of risk analysis and health control system of Indonesia bird's nest, and the related regulations of Chinese and WTO, reasonable risk control measures were proposed for its safe importation. KEY WORDS: edible bird s nest; risk analysis; hazard control 1 前言, [1] ; [2], 70%, 400 t, 80% [3], * 通讯作者 :,, E-mail: zhengx@gdciq.gov.cn *Corresponding author: Zhengxuan, Engineer, Department of Food Safety Supervision,Guangdong Entry-Exit Inspection And Quarantine Bureau Of China.Guangzhou,510623 E-mail: zhengx@gdciq.gov.cn
5, : 2141,, ;,, 2 安全监测结果 ( ) [4,5], 2012 2 [6], 2013~2015, 82, 2, 2, 2.4%; 112, 1, 1, 0, 2, 0.9% 0.9% 0% 1.7%; 779, 68, 8.7%, 100%; 150, 0% 表 1 进口印尼燕窝样品安全监测结果 Table 1 Results of safety monitoing in Indonesia bird's nest imported (%) 779 68 8.7 82 2 2.4 82 2 2.4 112 1 0.9 112 1 0.9 112 0 0 112 2 1.7 150 0 0 3 安全因素风险分析, 3.1 风险评估, 3.1.1 禽流感, [7],, [8],,, 3.1.2 沙门氏菌与致病性大肠杆菌,,,,, 2.4%, 3.1.3 重金属污染,,,,, ( ) 0.2 mg/kg; ( ) 0.2 mg/kg; ( ) 0.03 mg/kg;, 0.01 mg/kg [9], 112 0.9% 0.9% 0% 1.7%,,,,, 3.1.4 亚硝酸盐, [10],
2142 7, 1, 1, [22] 2011 8,, 350 [23],, [24],, ( ), 3.2 风险管理 1 (mg/kg) Fig. 1 Nitrite content of faeces in edible bird s nest with different production years(mg/kg),, [11], 0.3~0.5 g, 3 g,, 1/5~1/3 [12,13] [14,15],,, 5 [16] 432, 90% 30 mg/kg ;, 30 mg/kg 2012, ( 2012 62 ) 30 mg/kg 779 8.7%, 100%, 3.1.5 漂白剂 ( 二氧化硫 ),, [17],, [18], [19] [20],, (150 mg/kg) [21] 150 150 mg/kg, 3.1.6 染色剂 GB 2760 ; : 3.2.1 禽流感的控制 OIE [25] 10.4.26 70 3.5 s,, 3.2.2 沙门氏菌与致病性大肠杆菌的控制, (HACCP), 3.2.3 亚硝酸盐和染色剂的控制,,,, 3.2.4 重金属和漂白剂的控制, 3.3 风险信息交流,,
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