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1 高明华 : : ; : ( 5008) : 60 0 ( ) ( JJD840003) : ; : : 006 : ; : ( )

2 ( ) ; / / 3 ( ) ; : 00 3 ; : ( ) : 00 3 ; : (940 00) ; : ( ) : : 009 ; : : : : 00 8 : :

3 03 4 ( ) (CGSS005) 3 ( ) (group membership) (socialidentitythreat) 4 / : 00 3 ; : ( ) LowryDeborahandYuXie SocioeconomicStatusand HealthDiferentialsinChina: ConvergenceorDivergenceatOlderAges?"PopulationStudiesCenterResearchReport No UniversityofMichigan009. : 0 ; 0 : : 008 4

4 : : ; ( (Science) :GeofreyL.Cohenetal. ReducingtheRacialAchievementGap:A Social- PsychologicalIntervention"Sciencevol.33006pp ;GeofreyL.Cohenet al. RecursiveProcessesinSelf-Afirmation:InterveningtoClosetheMinorityAchievement Gap"Sciencevol.34009pp ;Akira Miyakeetal. ReducingtheGender AchievementGapinColegeScience:A Classroom StudyofValuesAfirmation"Science vol.33000pp.34-37;chriss.hulemanandjudith M.Harackiewicz Promoting IterestandPerformancein HighSchoolScienceClasses"Sciencevol.36009pp.40-4;JosephP.Alenetal. AnInteraction-BasedApproachtoEnhancingSecondarySchool InstructionandStudentAchievement"Sciencevol.3330pp ;Gregory M. WaltonandGeofreyL.Cohen A BriefSocial-BelongingInterventionImprovesAcademicand HealthOutcomesof MinorityStudents"Sciencevol.330pp ;Gerardo RamirezandSianL.Beilock WritingaboutTesting WoriesBoostsExam Performancein theclassroom"sciencevol.330pp.-3;davidc.haaketal. Increased StructureandActiveLearningReducetheAchievementGapinIntroductoryBiology"Science vol.330pp.3-6. ; ; L.S.BlackwelK.H.TrzesniewskiandC.S.Dweck ImplicitTheoriesof InteligencePredictAchievementacrossanAdolescentTransition:A LongitudinalStudyand anintervention"child Developmentvol.78no.007pp.46-63;G.L.Cohenetal. ReducingtheRacialAchievementGap:ASocial-PsychologicalIntervention"pp ; G.L.Cohenetal. Recursive Processesin Self-Afirmation:Interveningto Closethe MinorityAchievementGap"pp ;G.M.WaltonandG.L.Cohen A Questionof Belonging:Race Social Fitand Achievement"Journal of Personality and Social Psychologyvol.9no.007pp.8-96;G.M.Waltonand G.L.Cohen A Brief Social-Belonging Intervention Improves Academic and Health Outcomes of Minority Students"pp

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6 80% : ( ) ( ) ( ) : : S ; T ; D M.Biggs Self-FulfilingProphecies"inP.BearmanandP.Hedstr meds.the Oxford Handbookof AnalyticalSociologyNew York:OxfordUniversityPress009 pp.94-34;j.m.darleyandr.h.fazio ExpectancyConfirmationProcesses ArisingintheSocialInteractionSequence"American Psychologistvol.35no.0 980pp

7 ( ) 3 4 : (0.74) (0.46) 3/5 ( 0.46/0.74) 家长送孩子来时都会对孩子说你要好好学习学习不好就把你送回老家放牛但他们自己却没把孩子学习当回事一些家长以转学的名义将孩子带走实际上就是领孩子到工地打工因此我们的老师经常是从家长那里抢学生 ( 对 D-WangD 的访谈 ) R.K.Merton TheSelf-FulfilingProphecy"The Antioch Reviewvol.8no.948. : ( ) ; : 0 4 : 0 5

8 有一次班上王同学又是好几天没来上课了我到工地上找到了他的爸爸见面我就问他 : 我学生呢? 我和他爸爸在工棚里展开了争取学生的谈判旁边围着一群工人看热闹王父亲指着这些工人说你看他们不都是十七八岁就出来干活挣钱的吗?( 对 T-WeiGL 的访谈 ) ( ) ( ) : : ( ) : : C.M.Steele A ThreatintheAir:How StereotypesShapeIntelectualIdentityand Performance"American Psychologistvol.5no.6997pp.63-69;C.M.Steele S.J.SpencerandJ.Aronson Contending with GroupImage:The Psychology of StereotypeandSocialIdentityThreat"Advancesin ExperimentalSocialPsychology vol.3400pp

9 03 4 : ; ; ; ; ( ) :ST+SI ;ST ;SI ;T ( ST ) 68

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11 03 4 (embody theworld) 3 : ( ) : 4 :. : : ( ) N.KriegerandG.D.Smith BodiesCount andbodycounts:socialepidemiologyand EmbodyingInequality"Epidemiologic Reviewsvol.6004pp : C.JanetandS.Mark SocioeconomicStatusand Health:WhyIstheRelationship StrongerforOlderChildren?"The American Economic Reviewvol.93no.5003 pp

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13 03 4 : ; : 3 : 4 : : : 00 B.C. Rosen and R. D Andrade The Psychological Origins of Achievement Motivation"Sociometryvol.no.3959pp : 30 : 39 D.R.EntwisleK.L.AlexanderandL.S.Olson FirstGradeandEducationalAtainment

14 ( ) : : ( ) : (entitytheoryofinteligence) (incrementaltheoryofinteligence) ( ) : ; ( ) 00 ( ) byage:a NewStory"American Journalof Sociologyvol.0no.5005pp J.J.Heck Skil Formation and the Economics ofinvesting in Disadvantaged Children"Sciencevol.3006pp C.S. Dweck Self-Theories: Their Role in Motivation Personality and DevelopmentHove:PsychologyPress999; : : ( ) 73

15 ( ) ( ) ; 4 T ( 3) ( ) J.AronsonC.B.FriedandC.Good ReducingtheEfectsofStereotypeThreaton African AmericanColegeStudentsbyShaping TheoriesofInteligence"Journalof ExperimentalSocialPsychologyvol.38no.300pp.3-5. Alpha

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19 ; : 3 78 F (35)= 4.88p< 0.05 F (35) = 6.7p<0.05 F (35) =4.7p<0.05 (M=34.88SD=5.09) (M=3.60SD=5.0) T t (33)=.48p<

20 (expectationstatetheory) ( ) ( ) ( ) ; J.Bergerand M.WebsterJr. ExpectationsStatusandBehavior"inP.J.Burke ed.contemporary Social Psychological Theories Stanford:Stanford University Press006pp : 0 6 ; :

21 03 4 ( ) ; ; : : GeofreyL.Cohenetal. RecursiveProcessesin Self-Afirmation:Interveningto ClosetheMinorityAchievementGap"pp

22 ABSTRACTS (3)LandFinanceandtheTax-SharingSystem:AnEmpiricalExplanation Sun Xiulinand Zhou Feizhou 40 (4)ThePsycho-physiologicalMechanismofEducationalInequalityandItsIntervention Strategies:WiththeExampleofMigrantChildren Gao Minghua 60 observethefolowingprinciples:firstthechineseequivalentforbeingshouldreflect theliteralmeaningoftheword;andsecondthechineseequivalentcanandshould runthroughalbeing-relateddiscussions.inthisregardonly " meetsbothre- quirements.intheprocessoftranslating Westernphilosophyinto Chinesethere doesexisttheproblemofhowtomakethetranslationclearandeasytounderstand namelyincompliancewiththe mother-tongueintuitions.suchaprobleminvolves boththepeculiarcharacteristicsoftranslationitselfandsometranslationskils.so longastheycanbreakthroughtheexistingdefectiveknowledgestructureand transcendtheconventionalconstrictedviewthechinesepeoplearefulycapableof expressingandgraspingthebeing-relatedissuetherebygainingabeterview of Westernphilosophy. Theregionalcompetition betweenlocalgovernmentshasfacilitatedtherapid growthofchineseeconomy.howevertheworkingmechanismforitstilneedstobe explored.localgovernmentalbehaviorisinfluencedbythecentral-localrelationship particularlybythereforminfiscalandtaxationsystemssincetheimplementationof thetax-sharingsystem.bycentralizingthefinancialpowerthetax-sharingsystem gradualyledlocalgovernmentstoadoptthedevelopmentmodeloflandappropriation developmentandtransferhencetheemergenceoflandfinance;ourstudyverifiesthe closetiesbetweenthetwobyusingannualprovincial-leveldata.inalcaseswhenthe developmentmodelrepresentedbylandfinanceisevaluatedthetax-sharingsystem isamorerationalreformthanthefinancialcontractingsystemforithasestablished astableframeworkofinteractionbetweenthecentralgovernmentandlocalgovern- ments.andyettheland-centeredurbanexpansion modelwasanunexpectedoutcome ofthisreform. Thisstudyemploys multiple methodsofquestionnairesin-depthinterviews participantobservationsandon-the-spotexperimentsanddiscoverstwosocio-psy- chologicalmechanismsofeducationalinequality:theself-fulfilingprophecyefectarising 05

23 03 4 (5)DevelopmentStrategyUrbanizationandtheRural-urbanIncomeDisparityin China Chen Binkaiand Lin Yifu 8 fromparents expectancyinafamilyandthestereotypethreatfacedbychildrenin theschool.ontheotherhandthephysiologicalmechanismofeducationalinequality ismanifestedintheilhealthanddebasedactsorpracticesofmigrantchildren.building onthepsycho-physiological mechanism ofeducationalinequalityourstudyofers twosimpleandefectiveinterventionstrategiestoimprovetheeducationalatainments ofmigrantchildren:disseminatingtheincrementaltheoryofinteligenceandbuilding amulti-appraisalsystem.thesestrategiescanhelp migrantchildrenimprovetheir educationalatainmentsandidentityandlowertheirexperiencearisingfrom the stereotypethreat.wehopethattheseinterventionstrategiescanbeextendedtoin- equalitystudiesinotherfieldsandcanbeappliedtothenew generationofmigrant workers. Thisstudytakesaperspectivefromgovernmentaldevelopmentstrategytoexamine thecausesfortheunderdevelopmentofchineseurbanizationandtherisinginequality inrural-urbanincome.theresultsshowthatthegovernmentalstrategiesthataimto encouragethepriordevelopmentofcapital-intensivesectorshaveledtoarelative decreaseintheemploymentdemandinurbansectorswhichinturnretardstheurbaniza- tioncoursebanstheefectivemigrationofruralresidentsintocitiesandincreases therural-urbanincomedisparity.ourstudyusesthetechnologychoiceindex (TCI) asameasureoftheextentofgovernmentalpolicysupportforcapital-intensivesectorsand employstheprovincialpaneldatain totestthetheoreticalhypothesis.the studyalsorevealsau-shapedtendencyofchineserural-urbanincomedisparityinthe courseofeconomicdevelopment. (6)TheInducing Mechanism ofdevelopmentfinanceinthebuildingofcarbonfinance System Du LiZhang Yunand Wang Fengkui 03 CarbonfinanceisstilinitsearlystageinChinaandfacesanumberofrisks.In ordertogetoutofthedilemmaitiscrucialtodrawondiferentforcesparticularly the inducingefect"ofdevelopmentfinancethatpossessespolicy-basedfinancial propertiesinthedevelopmentofcarbonfinance.thisstudyusesinstitutionaldesign andsupplytodefinethebordersofpolicy-basedfinancepromotethediversification 06

% Kanbur Zhang : : : 200 D.T.Yang Urban-Biased Policiesand RisingIncomeInequ

% Kanbur Zhang : : : 200 D.T.Yang Urban-Biased Policiesand RisingIncomeInequ 陈斌开林毅夫 : 978 2008 U : ( 0008); ( 0087) 985 2. 2009 3.3 50% 2 3 2009 GDP 0.3% 2 3 ( :700327273289) ( :09&ZD0202&ZD028) ( :2JGB069) : 200 : 200 352 363 : 2003 2 2 : 2000 2 8 203 4 53.4% 2 3 4 5 Kanbur Zhang