Abrams Lubbock /1984 Point of View Viewpoint Filter Focus of Narration Aspect Focalization Narrative Perspect

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1 FOREIGN LANGUAGE RESEARCH 2013 No. 2 Serial No. 171 * 刘泽权谷香娜 ( 燕山大学, 秦皇岛 ) 3 I046 A Whose Eyes are You in The Narrative Perspectives in Hong Lou Meng and Its Three English Translations Liu Ze-quan Gu Xiang-na Yanshan University Qinhuangdao China The diversity of narrative perspectives in Hong Lou Meng A Dream of Red Chamber adds not only to the novel's artistic touch but also to its richness in meanings. By investigating two episodes in which the third person's limited narrative perspective is frequently employed this paper attempts to compare and analyze how this particular perspective is dealt with in the three English versions of the novel with the aim of shedding some light on the translation practice of Chinese classics. Key words Hong Lou Meng narrative perspective translation of Chinese classics * 10BYY

Xiang-na Yanshan University Qinhuangdao 066004 China The diversity of narrative perspectives in Hong Lou Meng A Dream of Red Chamber adds not only to the novel's artistic touch but also to its

2 Abrams Lubbock /1984 Point of View Viewpoint Filter Focus of Narration Aspect Focalization Narrative Perspective 1 黛玉方进入房时, 只见两个人搀着一位鬓发如银的老母迎上来 ( 第三回, 划线为引者所加, 下同 ) 改写 : 黛玉方进入房时,( 只见 ) 两个人搀着 ( 鬓发如银的 ) 贾母迎上来 focalization 3 > = < Bencraft Joly 56 The Dream of Red Chamber

来 ( 第三回, 划线为引者所加, 下同 ) 改写 : 黛玉方进入房时,( 只见 ) 两个人搀着 1997 191 ( 鬓发如银的 ) 贾母迎上来

3 David Hawkes John Mindford 120 The Story of Stone Gladys Yang 120 A Dream of Red Mansions 瑐瑤瑐瑦瑐瑨瑑瑠瑑瑢瑑瑣 1 瑐瑡瑐瑣瑐瑥瑐瑧瑐瑩 5 瑑瑡 2 又行了半日, 忽见街北蹲着两个大石狮子, 三间兽头大门, 门前列坐着十来个华冠丽服之人正门却不开, 只有东西两角门有人出入正门之上, 有一匾, 匾上大书敕造宁国府五个大字黛玉想到, 这是外祖母之长房了 61% 49% 91% 3 hear see observe catch sight of 瑏瑢瑏瑣瑏瑤瑏瑦 1 瑏瑡 3 1 瑏瑧瑏瑥瑏瑨瑏瑩瑐瑠瑐瑢

华冠丽服之人正门却不开, 只有东西两角门有人出入正门之上, 有一匾, 匾上大书敕造宁国府五个大字黛玉想到, 这是外祖母之长房了 61% 49%

4 3 黛玉一面吃茶, 一面打量这些丫鬟们, 妆饰衣裙, 举止行动, 果亦与别家不同 manners of the several waiting maids which she really found so unlike what she had seen in other... and as she sipped it Dai-yu observed that their clothing make-up and deportment were quite different from those of the maids she had seen so far in other parts of the mansion.... and as she sipped it she studied them observing that their make-up clothes and deportment were quite different from those in other families. While Tai-yü was sipping her tea she observed the headgear dress deportment and households. 3 3 observe 3 85% 42% 30% 3 1 look 1 distract 1 catch sight of see 4 hear 3 notice 1 observe 2 find 瑏瑡瑏瑣瑏瑥瑏瑨瑐瑠瑐瑢瑐瑥瑐瑦瑐瑩 910 瑐瑧瑑瑠瑑瑡瑑瑢 357 瑏瑢瑏瑤瑏瑦瑏瑧瑏瑩瑐瑡瑐瑣瑐瑤瑐瑨瑑瑣 peep 1 hear 4 see 2 look 1 observe 1 start at 1 hear 瑏瑡瑐瑣瑐瑤瑐瑥瑐瑦瑐瑧 6 瑏瑥瑐瑩瑑瑠瑑瑡瑑瑢瑏瑢瑏瑣瑏瑤瑏瑦瑏瑧瑏瑨瑏瑩瑐瑠瑐瑡瑐瑢瑐瑨瑑瑣 look 1 catch sight of 3 hear 9 espy 3 see 5 perceive 2 observe 1 notice 2 behold 1 detect 1 catch sight of 1 smell 瑏瑡瑏瑢瑏瑣瑏瑤瑏瑥瑏瑨瑏瑩瑐瑠瑐瑢瑐瑣瑐瑤瑐瑥瑐瑦瑐瑧瑐瑨瑐瑩瑑瑠瑑瑡瑑瑢瑑瑣 9 瑐瑡 8 瑏瑦瑏瑧 106

... and as she sipped it she studied them observing that their make-up clothes and deportment were quite different from those in other families.

5 一语未了, 只听得后院中有人笑声说 : 我来迟了, 不曾迎接远客! 黛玉纳罕道 : Just then they heard peals of laughter from the back courtyard and a voice cried I m late in greeting our guest from afar 边屋内去了又见两三个妇人, 都捧着大漆捧盒, 进这边来等候听得那边说了一声摆饭, 渐渐的人才散出, 只有伺候端菜的几个人 As Grannie Liu sat in silence waiting with bated breath and head cocked to one side for her summons she heard a far-off sound of laughter followed presently by a sound of rustling dresses they as between ten and twenty women entered the reception room and passed from it into the room beyond. 5 上了正房台矶, 小丫头打起猩红毡帘才入堂屋, 只闻一阵香扑了脸来, 竟不辨是何香味, 身子如在云端里一般 When they ascended the steps of the main apartment a young waiting-maid raised a red woollen portière and as soon as they entered the hall they smelt a whiff of perfume as it came wafted into their faces what the scent was they could not discriminate but their persons felt as if they were among the clouds. room while two or three bearing lacquered boxes came to this side to wait. When the order was given to serve the meal all left but a few who handed round the dishes A voice in the far room called 6 刘姥姥屏身侧耳默候只听远远有人笑声, 约有一二十妇人, 衣裙窸窣, 渐入堂屋, 往那 Then two or three women bearing large red lacquer boxes took up their positions on the side nearest the room in which she sat and stood there waiting to be called. A voice in the far room called out Serve now please at which to judge from the noises most of the women scuttled off leaving only the few who were waiting at table. They left her straining her ears with bated breath as she waited there in silence. In the distance laughter rang out. Ten to twenty serving women swished through the hall to another inner out to judge from the noises she waited there in silence In the distance laughter rang out 107

声摆饭, 渐渐的人才散出, 只有伺候端菜的几个人 As Grannie Liu sat in silence waiting with bated breath and head cocked to one side for her summons she heard a far-off sound of laughter followed presently

6 18% 12% Aunt Wang 8 ( 刘姥姥 ) 然后蹭到角门前, 只见几个挺胸叠肚指手画脚的人, 坐在大凳上, 说东谈西呢 She... sidling up to one of the side entrances. A number of important-looking gentlemen sat in the gateway sunning their bellies and discoursing with animated gestures on a wide variety of top- ics.... she timidly approached the side entrance where some arrogant corpulent servants were sunning themselves on long benches engaged in a lively discussion. 7 说话时, 已摆了茶果上来, 熙凤亲为捧茶捧果又见二舅母问他 : 月钱放完了不曾? While Xi-feng was speaking the servants brought in tea and various plates of food the distribution of which she proceeded to supervise in person. Dai-yu noticed her Aunt Wang questioning Xi-feng on the side Have this month s allowances been paid out yet Meanwhile refreshments had been served. And as Xifeng handed round the tea and sweetmeats Lady Wang asked whether she had distributed the monthly allowance. As she spake tea and refreshments had already been served and Hsi-feng herself handed round the cups and offered the fruits. Upon hearing the question further put by her maternal aunt Secunda Whether the issue of the monthly allowances of money had been finished or not yet Hsi-feng replied she subsequently squatted in front of the side gate whence she could see a number of servants swelling out their chests pushing out their stomachs gesticulating with their hands and kicking their feet about while they were seated at the main entrance chattering about one thing and another % 52% 9%

... she timidly approached the side entrance where some arrogant corpulent servants were sunning themselves on long benches engaged in a lively discussion.

7 J J J M J J J M J. 1. J M M M M. Abrams M. H. A Glossary of Literary Terms M Hawkes D. & J. Mindford trans.. The Story of the Stone J A.. C Hong Kong Kelly and Walsh Lubbock Percy. The Craft of Fiction M. London Jona-. than Cape J. Yang H. Y. & G. Yang. trans.. A Dream of Red Man M J J M M. Harmondsword Penguin Joly H. B. trans.. The Dream of the Red Chamber M. sions M. Peking Foreign Languages Press 孙颖 109

Hong Kong Kelly and Walsh 1892-93. Lubbock Percy. The Craft of Fiction M. London Jona-. than Cape 1928. J. Yang H. Y. & G. Yang. trans.. A Dream of Red Man- 1997 4.

1963 7 8 3 3-1 9 7 1961 6 7 1961 7 20 3 10 1961 6 28 1961 7 11 7 20 7 11 1 25

1957 3 1 15427 1 4 50. 27mm 36. 4g 1 3-2 2 2 1 5 1927 1932 1937 50mm 23. 1g 2 5 1 4 6 1961 24 1963 7 8 3 3-1 9 7 1961 6 7 1961 7 20 3 10 1961 6 28 1961 7 11 7 20 7 11 1 25 瑏瑡 7 28 1 7 /20 2 7 /28 1961