20 世纪 40 年代以来多时相中国大陆岸线提取方法及精度评估侯西勇 1 1,, 毋亭 2 1,, 王远东 2, 徐新良 3 1,, 陈晴 2 1, 于良巨 (1., ; 2., ; 3., ) 摘要 : 将大陆岸线分为自然岸线人工岸线 2 大类以及 11 个

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "20 世纪 40 年代以来多时相中国大陆岸线提取方法及精度评估侯西勇 1 1,, 毋亭 2 1,, 王远东 2, 徐新良 3 1,, 陈晴 2 1, 于良巨 (1., ; 2., ; 3., ) 摘要 : 将大陆岸线分为自然岸线人工岸线 2 大类以及 11 个"

袋祝
5 years ago
Views:

1 20 世纪 40 年代以来多时相中国大陆岸线提取方法及精度评估侯西勇 1 1,, 毋亭 2 1,, 王远东 2, 徐新良 3 1,, 陈晴 2 1, 于良巨 (1., ; 2., ; 3., ) 摘要 : 将大陆岸线分为自然岸线人工岸线 2 大类以及 11 个二级类, 基于地形图与遥感影像, 结合野外考察工作建立详细的技术规范, 提取 20 世纪 40 年代以来 6 个时相的中国大陆海岸线 ; 针对提取的结果, 应用直接对比法计算实际误差, 基于地图学和遥感信息提取的理论计算理论最大允许误差, 二者对比表明 : 基于多源数据提取多时相岸线的技术方案可行, 多时相岸线的实际误差均远远低于理论最大允许误差, 精度较优 ; 基于地形图提取的 20 世纪 40 年代和 60 年代时相岸线, 精度总体上低于基于 30 m 分辨率遥感影像提取的多时相岸线, 而且 20 世纪 60 年代时相受多源数据融合的影响而精度最低 ; 基于环境与灾害监测预报小卫星 CCD 数据提取岸线, 受影像畸变和几何纠正精度的影响, 精度略低于基于 Landsat 影像提取的结果, 但同样基于 Landsat 影像提取的岸线, 新近时相的精度明显优于早期时相本研究可为岸线变化研究以及海岸带综合管理等提供有力的支持关键词 : 中国 ; 大陆岸线 ; 遥感 ; 精度评估 ; 实际误差 ; 理论最大允许误差中图分类号 : K 文献标识码 : A 文章编号 : (2014) doi: /hykx , [1-8], [7],,,, [9],, [10] [11-13],, 908 [14] [11, 15],, [16-17] [8, 18],,,,, ;,,,,,, ,,,, ; ( ) ;, : ; : : (XDA ); (KZZD- EW-14); (AOCZD ) : (1975-),,,,, : , xyhou@yic.ac.cn 66 / 2014 / 38 / 11

2 1 大陆岸线提取方法 1.1 数据源 70 a, : 1904~ ; , 1951~1972,, m Landsat MSS ; Landsat, (http: //glovis.usgs.gov) (Global Land Cover Facility, GLCF, http: //glcf.umiacs.umd.edu); 2012 HJ-CCD( CCD), (http: // 1.2 大陆岸线分类系统, Guariglia [19],, IKONOS,, 30 m, 1,,, 30 m, 11 ( 1) 1.3 自然岸线解译原则 1 表 1 中国大陆岸线分类体系 Tab.1 Coastline categories of mainland China :, ; :, ( ) (, / ) 1.3.1,,,, Landsat TM\ETM+ HJ- CCD,,,,, ;,,, ( 1a), [20] 1.3.2,, ( ),,,,, ( 1b);, [20],, ;,,,, ( 1c);,, [20] Marine Sciences / Vol. 38, No. 11 /

3 1.3.3,,,, ( 1d);, [20] [20],,,,, ( 1e); Landsat 5 TM,,,,, Landsat TM,,, ( 1f) 1.4 人工岸线解译原则, 2 ( ) :,, 2,, ; 2, ( 2a),,,, ;,,,, ( 2c), ;,,,,, 2h, (,,, ) 1.5 特殊类型岸线的解译 1.5.1,,,,, : ;, ;, ( ),, ;,,,, 1.6 岸线提取的技术环境 ArcGIS9.3, Landsat 2012 HJ-CCD ,,,,,,,,,, 2 大陆岸线实地测量, ~ , 10, km, 10 ( ), 578 GPS 2.1 GPS 接收机 GPS Trimble Juno SB, 68 / 2014 / 38 / 11

4 a1 a2 b1 b2 c1 c2 d1 d2 e1 e2 f1 f2 1 Fig.1 Delineation of natural coastline and the photos a1: HJ-CCD, ; b1: HJ-CCD, ; c1: HJ-CCD, ; d1: Landsat, ; e1: HJ-CCD, ; f1: Landsat, ;a2, b2, c2, d2, e2, f2 a1, b1, c1, d1, e1, f1 a1: HJ-CCD image of rocky coast, Ganjingzi district of Dalian; b1: HJ-CCD image of sandy coast, Jiaowei village of Xuwen county; c1: HJ-CCD image of sandy coast with cliff, Zhuanghe county-level city of Dalian; d1: Landsat image of silty coast, Xiangshan county of Ningbo; e1: HJ-CCD image of mangrove coast, Longmen town of Fangchenggang; f1: Landsat image of reed coast, Xiangshan county of Ningbo; a2, b2, c2, d2, e2, f2 are photos taken at the highlight spots on imageries of a1, b1, c1, d1, e1, f1 respectively a b c d e f g h i 2 Fig.2 Delineation of artificial coastline a: HJ-CCD ; b: HJ-CCD ; c: HJ-CCD ; d: HJ-CCD ; e: HJ-CCD ; f: HJ-CCD ; g, h: Landsat TM ; i: HJ-CCD a: HJ-CCD image of jetty and groyne; b: HJ-CCD image of harbor; c: HJ-CCD image of polder; d: HJ-CCD image of aquaculture; e: HJ-CCD image of salt pan; f: HJ-CCD image of embankment; g, h: Landsat TM image of overseas road; i: HJ-CCD image of tide barrier Marine Sciences / Vol. 38, No. 11 /

5 GPS/SBAS, 2~5 m, (SBAS) 2~5 m Trimble GEO Explorer 6000 XT, GPS GLONASS, SBAS, 50 cm GPS, ; 60 s, ( 4 ), 2.2 野外定点与测量,,, -,,,, [21],,,, ; [21],,,, [22],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 3 大陆岸线提取精度评估方法 3.1 评估目标, 6,,,,, [8, 23-24] 2 : ; 3.2 实际误差,,,, GPS,, : (1), ; (2), 6, ; (3), ( ),,,, ( ),, 3.3 理论最大允许误差,,,, Crowell [11],, mm, 0.5 mm, m 50 m 125 m [25-26], P a 70 / 2014 / 38 / 11

6 : 2 2 P = a (1) 3, 30 m 60 m m m, m; m, m; m 4 大陆岸线提取结果的精度特征 GCS_Krasovsky_1940 Albers,, 3 ( 2),, : 1) 6, 3,, 表 2 各时相岸线提取结果的实际误差 Tab.2 Results of shoreline accuracy assessment at different time ( ) (m) (m) (m) (m) ) ,,, ; 20 60,, 3) 4,, : 2010 >2012 >2000 >1990,, , HJ-CCD,,, Landsat, 5 结论,, : 1), ; Landsat HJ-CCD,,, 1 2), ;,, HJ-CCD Landsat 3),,, : [1], [J]., 2012, 32(3): [2],,,. 30 a [J]., 2013, 28(1): [3],,,. [J]., 2013, 35(4): Marine Sciences / Vol. 38, No. 11 /

7 [4],,. [J]., 2013, 25(2): [5],,, [J]., 2014, 36(2): [6],,, [J]., 2013, 68(5): [7] Galgano F A, Douglas B C, Leatherman S P. Trend and variability of shoreline position[j]. Journal of Coastal Research, 1998, SI(26): [8] Romine B M, Fletcher C H, Frazer L N, et al. Historical Shoreline Change, Southeast Oahu, Hawaii; Applying Polynomial Models to Calculate Shoreline Change Rates[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2009, 25(6): [9] Boak E H, Turner I L. Shoreline definition and detection: A review[j]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2005, 21(4): [10] Shalowitz A L. Shore and sea boundaries[m]. Washington DC: U.S. Govt. Printing Office, 1964: 749. [11] Crowell M, Leatherman S P, Buckley M K. Historical shoreline Change: error analysis and mapping accuracy[j]. Journal of Coastal Research, 1991, 7(3): [12] Mcbeth F H. A method of shoreline delineation[j]. Photogrammetric Engineering, 1956, 22(2): [13] Dolan R, Hayden B P, May P, et al. The reliability of shoreline change measurements from aerial photographs[j]. Shore and Beach, 1980, 48(4): [14],,. [J]., 2005, 20(4): [15] Romine B M, Fletcher C H. A Summary of Historical Shoreline Changes on Beaches of Kauai, Oahu, and Maui, Hawaii[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2013, 29(3): [16],,,. DEM [J]., 2011, 26(5): [17],,. Google Earth [J]., 2009, 28(5): , 593. [18] Fletcher C, Rooney J, Barbee M, et al. Mapping shoreline change using digital orthophotogrammetry on Maui, Hawaii[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2003, SI(38): [19] Guariglia A, Buonamassa A, Losurdo A, et al. A multisource approach for coastline mapping and identification of shoreline changes[j]. Annals of Geophysics, 2006, 49(1): [20],,,. [J]., 2011, (3): [21],,. [J]., 2009, 27: [22],,,. [J]., 2008, 24(09): [23] Crowell M, Leatherman S P, Buckley M K. Shoreline change rate analysis: long term versus short term data[j]. Shore and Beach, 1993, 61(2): [24] Frazer L N, Genz A S, Fletcher C H. Toward Parsimony in Shoreline Change Prediction (I): Basis Function Methods[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2009, 25(2): [25]. [J]., 2010, (8): [26]. [J]., 2010, (3): / 2014 / 38 / 11

8 Extraction and accuracy evaluation of multi-temporal coastlines of mainland China since 1940s HOU Xi-yong 1, WU Ting 1, 2, WANG Yuan-dong 1, 2, XU Xin-liang 3, CHEN Qing 1, 2, YU Liang-ju 1 (1. Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai , China; 2. University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing , China; 3. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing , China) Received: Dec., 17, 2013 Key words: China; mainland coastline; remote sensing; accuracy evaluation; actual errors; maximum allowable error Abstract: According to technical manual established on the basis of topographic maps, remote sensing images and field surveys, six phases of coastline of mainland China since 1940s were extracted. The actual errors were calculated by comparing the coastline with field measurement data directly, and maximum allowable error was calculated according to the theories and techniques of line feature data extraction from topographic maps and remote sensing images. Furthermore, comparison between actual error and maximum allowable error was adopted to determine the acceptability and availability of the coastline by further studies. It shows that, the technical scheme established coastline extraction was effective, and the accuracies of mainland coastline in six phases were acceptable. Coastline in 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2012 extracted based on remote sensing images had higher accuracy than those in 1940s and 1960s extracted based on topographic maps. Coastline in 1960s had the lowest accuracy because of various data source and data fusion. Coastline in 2012 extracted based on HJ-CCD images had a little bit lower accuracy than coastline in 2010 extracted based on Landsat images. However, with respect to coastline in 1990, 2000 and 2010, which were all extracted based on Landsat images, the newer phase had higher accuracy than the older one. This study will provide good support for coastline change detection and integrated coastal zone management practice. ( 本文编辑 : 李晓燕 ) Marine Sciences / Vol. 38, No. 11 /

1 GIS 95 Y = F y + (1 F) (1) 0 0 Y0 kg/hm 2 /day F y 0 y c kg/hm 2 /day [12] y m 20 kg/hm 2 /hour Y = cl cn ch G [ F( y ) T m yo + (2) (1 F)(

1 GIS 95 Y = F y + (1 F) (1) 0 0 Y0 kg/hm 2 /day F y 0 y c kg/hm 2 /day [12] y m 20 kg/hm 2 /hour Y = cl cn ch G [ F( y ) T m yo + (2) (1 F)( 24 1 Vol.24 No.1 94 2008 1 Transactions of the CSAE Jan. 2008 2008 1 100094 2 100035 3 100081 4 100081 5 100101 GIS ( ) 65.12 16.82 13.74 15.27 11.07 t/(hm 2 a) 10.93% 41.43% 46.93% 65.4%. Bi Jiye, Zhu

20 世纪 40 年代以来多时相中国大陆岸线提取方法及精度评估 侯西勇 1 1,, 毋亭 2 1,, 王远东 2, 徐新良 3 1,, 陈晴 2 1, 于良巨 (1., ; 2., ; 3., ) 摘要 : 将大陆岸线分为自然岸线 人工岸线 2 大类以及 11 个

20 世纪 40 年代以来多时相中国大陆岸线提取方法及精度评估侯西勇 1 1,, 毋亭 2 1,, 王远东 2, 徐新良 3 1,, 陈晴 2 1, 于良巨 (1., ; 2., ; 3., ) 摘要 : 将大陆岸线分为自然岸线人工岸线 2 大类以及 11 个