カテゴリー Ⅰ 日本建築学会計画系論文集第 81 巻第 728 号, ,2016 年 10 月 J. Archit. Plann., AIJ, Vol. 81 No. 728, , Oct., 2016 DOI

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1 カテゴリー Ⅰ 日本建築学会計画系論文集第 81 巻第 728 号, ,2016 年 10 月 J. Archit. Plann., AIJ, Vol. 81 No. 728, , Oct., 2016 DOI 三越日本橋本店本館の建築計画の変化と収益性三越日本橋本店本館の増改築の変遷その 1 RESEACH ON THE MITSUKOSHI NIHONBASHI BUILDING IN CONSIDERATION OF THE RELATION BETWEEN ARCHITECTURAL PLANNING AND PROFITABILITY Vicissitudes in the Renovation and Expansion of the Mitsukoshi Flagship Store at Nihonbashi, Part 1 * 野村正晴 Masaharu NOMURA In this study, I attempt to clarify the birth and development of department store architecture in modern Japan by considering the Mitsukoshi flagship store at Nihonbashi. This store reached its present structural form through five periods of restructuring and expansion from 1914 (the third year of Taisho) to 1964 (the 39th year of Showa). I present a comparative analysis of the changes made to the store s architectural plans with a focus on profitability. Then, I reevaluate the role of the Mitsukoshi flagship store in the early days of the establishment process of department store architecture in pre-war Japan. Keywords : Mitsukoshi department store, Mitsukoshi flagship store at Nihonbashi, Department store architecture, Sales area, Profitability, City administration 本論文は三越日本橋本店本館調査報告書 ( 平成 27 年 4 月刊行 ) の筆者執筆担当部分の一部に, その後得られた知見を加えて大幅に改稿したものである * 関西大学環境都市工学部建築学科助教博士 ( 美術 ) Assist. Prof., Kansai University, Doctor of Fine Arts 2297

2 ෆሗ ሗ ࡗࡓ ḟ㈨㈨ ࡋ 㸲㸬ศᯒᡭἲ ᘓ ቑᨵ ኚ㑄 ᴫㄝグ ࡍ ࡗ ࠊᅗ㠃 ௨ どⅬ ᇶ ࠊ ᮏᶫᮏᗑᮏ㤋 ቑᨵ ᕤ ࡓᘓ ࡋ ᐇ ゎ ᴟ 㝈ᐃ ࠋ ࡓࠊࡑ ᖹ㠃ィ ࡘ ࠊᵓᡂせ ศ㢮 ᛂࡌ 㒊㠃 ồ ࠊ ࡋ ࠊⱝᯇಇ Ặ ᐙ㟹ኈẶ 㕥ᮌ Ặ ࡑ ᘏᗋ ༨ ẚ ฟࡋ ᐹ ḟ㡫㸯ཧ ࠋ ࡀ ࡀࠊ ᘓ タഛ ኚ㑄 Ⅼ ࡓㄽ ࡓ ᵓᡂせ ࡘ ࠊ ᅾ ᶆ ᗑᘓ ᵓᡂศ ἲ ࠊࡇ ࡓቑᨵ ኚ㑄 ࡘ ቑᨵ ᖺ ቑ ᡤ ᅗ ពࡋࡘࡘ ࠊ௨ ศ ࡋ ࠋ ᴫ ゎㄝ ࡗ ࠊᘓ ィ ኚ㑄 ࡘ ᅗ㠃 ࡓヲ ศᯒ ࠋ 㸯㸬ᐈ 㒊ศ ᖾ ࠊ ᮏᶫᮏᗑᮏ㤋 ቑᨵ ᕤ 㛵ࡋ ᖹ㠃ᅗ ࡌ ࡋࡓㅖᅗ㠃 ሗ 㸯㸫㸯㸬 ሙ㸸 ሙࠊ ᒓ タ(ࢩ ദ ሙ )ࠊእ 㒊 ࡀṧࡉ ࠊ ࡘᮏ ࡇ ቑᨵ ᕤ 㛵ࡍ ࠊ タィ ᡤࡀᡤⶶࡍ ㈨㜀ぴ㸯㸫㸰㸬ᐈ タ㸦㣗ᇽ ఇ ᐊ ᖖタദ ሙ ᐜ 㧥 ᶵ ᚓࡓࠋࡑࡇ ᮏ ࠊ ṇ ᮇ ᘓ ࡓ ᘧሙ ሙ 㸧 ࡍ ᅾ ᘓ ࡗࡓ ᖺ௦ 㢌 ቑᨵ ᕤ ࡈ ᖹ 㸯㸫㸱㸬㝵ẁ ౽ᡤ ࢱ 㠃ᅗ ࡘヲ ẚ ドࡋ ศᯒ 㐍 ࡁࡓ ࠋ 㸯㸫㸲㸬㛵㸦㛵ෆ ᒓ 㸧㸰㸬ᗑ 㒊ศ 㸱㸬どⅬ 㸰㸫㸯㸬 ᐊ㸦 ᐊ ᐊ㸧 ᮏ ࡍࡍ ࡓ ࠊ Ⴀ యࡀタィㄢࡍ㔜せタィせ㸰㸫㸰㸬ᗑ タ㸸ᚑᴗဨ タ㸦 ᐊ 㣗ᇽ ᛂ᥋ᐊ ᗜ ࡘ ࠊ ᗑᘓ ᛶ ᴫᛕ ࡘ グࡋ ࡃࠋ ᡤᘓ 㛵ࡍ ᣋ 㔠ᗜ 㸧ࠊタഛᶵ ࠊ㝵ẁ ౽ᡤ ᵝ ࠊᘓタ Ⅽ ᑐࡍ ᛶ ᴫ ࢱ 㸦ᚑᴗဨ 㸧 ᛕ ࠕ ࠕ ಶ ᴫᛕ ࡋ ࡋࡓࠋ 㸱㸬 ᢤ 㛵㸦㛵እ 㸧 ࡎࠊ ࠕ ࡘ ࠊ ᡤᘓ ᵝ ࠊ ᢸ ῶࡌ ᡭ ẁ ࡋ ࠊ ᢏ ᢏ ィᢏ ᢏ ࠊᕤᮇ ࡇࡇ グ ࡋ ᒇ ᗞᅬ ࡌ ࡋࡓᒇ タ㛵ࡋ ࠊ ๐ῶ ࡀᣲࡆ ࠋࡑ ලయ ࠊᶵ ࠊ ᗑ 㞟ᐈᶵ ࡋ ࠊ 㒔ᕷ ࡅ 㐟㛫 ࡋ ຊ ᑟධ ࡗࡓ ᕤᢏ ㄳ ᪉ᘧ ᕤ Ύ ᪉ᘧ 㔜せ ᙺ ᯝࡓࡋ ࡓ ᛶࡀ㧗 ࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ ࠊ ῶ౯ൾ ᑟධࠊ య Ꮡ㒊 ᕤ ᮇ 㑅ᐃ ࡀ ࡋࡓ ࡋ ヲドࡀᚲせ ࡋࠊᮏ ࡑ ࡒ ẁ㝵 ࡉ ࡀ ࠋ ᒇ ᒇእ 㛵ࡍ 㠃 ฟ ヲ ᖹ㠃ᅗ ศᯒ ᑐ ḟ ࠕ ࡘ ࠊࡑ ᅗ ᡭẁ ᘓ 㛵㝖እࡋࡓࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊᶵ ᐊ 㤋 ࡅ 㝵 ᵓᡂẚ ศᯒࡍ 㒊ศ ࡘ ᘓ ィ ࡇ ࡀ ࡁࡃࠊձ ᆅ ά ࠊ ࡓ ࠊᒇෆ㒊ศ 㠃 ࡘ 㠃 ẚ ฟᑐ ࡋ ࠋ ղ ሙ㠃㒊ศ 㝈 ಖࠊճ㞟ᐈຊ ᐈ タ ࡓࠊᐈ 㒊ศ ᗑ 㒊ศ 㝵ᒙ ᢤ 㛵 ศ㢮㡯 ᐇ ࠊࡀ ᐃ ࡁ ࠋձ ᅵᆅ ά ࠊ タᐃࡋ ࡀࠊࡇ ࠊ 㛫 ᗑᘓ 㛫 ᵓᡂࡍ ᘓ 㓄㝵 ᘓᆤ ᘏᗋ ᆅ ࡁࡉ ᘓ つᶍ ࠊᗋ㠃 ᐃࡉ 㒊ศ ࠊศᯒ㡯 ࡋ ࡉࡏ ࡀ ࡁࡃస ࡋࠊᘓ 㛵㐃 ㅖἲไ 㛵ࡀ ࠋղ ᘓ ࡓ タᐃࡋࡓ ࠋ ࡓ ࡍ㒊ศ 㠃 ࠊ ᗑᘓ ሙ ࠊ㝞 ࠊᵓᡂせ ศ ࡋࡓ 㒊㠃 ẚ ฟࡍ ࡓ ࡍ ရ 㢮㔞㛵ࡀ ࠋճ ࡍ ㈤ ᘓ 㞧ㄅ ࠊ ᅵᮌᘓ ㈨ ಙ ࡓ㈨ ࠊ ᕤᏛ ㄅ ࠊ ᡤᘓ 㒊ศ ࡀࠊ㞟ᐈ ࡘ ࡀ ᐈ ᘧ ᶓἙᘓ タィ ᡤ ᘧ ໃ 㜀ぴチタ ᐇ ࠊᐈ 㛫 ᕥ ࡍ ィ ࠊ ࡅࡓ ቑᨵ ᘓ ᅗ㠃 ᘧ ࠋࡑ ࠊ ᐇ㛵 ࢪ ᙳ㡪ࡍ ព 㛵ࡀ ࠋࡇ ձࠊղࠊճ ࡅ ࡋ ౫ᣐࡋࡓ㈨ ࡋ ࠊ ෆሗ ಶ ᴫᛕ ࡃ ᐦ᥋ స ࡋࠊ ቑᨵ ᕤ タィẁ㝵 ᶓἙ ࠊ ᡤⶶ ࡓࠋ ࡉ ࠋ ௨ ࠊ ᛶ ࡍ ࠊࡇ ࡕ 㸳㸬ศᯒ ᐹ ࠊ ࡀᑡ ᖯ౯ ኚ㑄 ࡋ ࡅ ᮏᶫᮏᗑᮏ㤋 ቑᨵ ኚ㑄 ṇ㸱ᖺ㸦㸧ᖺ ᮏ㤋 ᕤ ᢏ ᗘ ᕥ ࡉ ࠊཝᐦ 㔞 ࡃ ❹ᕤ ࠊ ᖺ㸦㸧❹ᕤ ቑᨵ ᕤ ࡁࡃ㸳ᅇ ቑ ᴫᛕ ࠋࡑ ᑐࡋ ᛶ 㛵ࡋ ࠊᅗ㠃 ᐃ ᨵ ᕤ ࠊ ᅾ ࡓࡍつᶍ 㐩ࡋ ࠋࡑࡇ ௨ ᗘ ᢕᥱࡀ ࠋࡑࡇ ᮏ ࠊ ࠕ ᛶ ࠊᮏ グ㸴ࡘ Ⅼ ࡅ ᖹ㠃ᅗ ᑐ ࡋ ศᯒ ࡋ ᘓ ィ ኚ㑄ドࡍ ࡇ ࠊ ᗑᘓ ᘓ ᙧᘧ ࡗࡓࠋࡇ ࡕࠊ ᖺቑᨵ ᕤ ༡ ᪂㤋 ᥋ ᐇ ኚ㑄 ࠊࡑ ᚋ ࡓ ᗑᘓ 㒔ᕷᘓ ᙺ ࡋࡓ㝈ᐃ ࠊ ᖺ㸦㸧 ቑᨵ ᕤ ᐹࡍ ࡇ ࡍ ࠋࡇ ࠊᘓ ࡓ Ⴀ ࡍ ࡓࡍィ㐩ࡋ ࡓ Ⅽࠊᮏ Ⴀ ᛶ ㄆ ኚ㑄 Ⴀ ࠊタィタィ㒊㠃 ẚ ฟ ヲ ᖹ㠃ᅗ ウ ᖺ ᑐ Ⅽ Ⅼ ᥈ ヨ ࠋ ࡋ ࠋ 2298 ࠊ

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㸯㸬㸺 ṇ ᖺ㸦㸧ᮏ㤋❹ᕤ! 㸰㸬㸺㸯ḟ ṇ ᖺ㸦㸧ቑᨵ ᕤ ❹ᕤ 㸼㸱㸬㸺㸰ḟ ᖺ㸦㸧ಟ ᕤ 㤋 ᡂ 㸼㸲㸬㸺㸱ḟ ᖺ㸦㸧ቑᨵ ᕤ ❹ᕤ 㸼㸳㸬㸺㸲ḟ ᖺ㸦㸧ቑᨵ ᕤ ❹ᕤ 㸼㸴㸬㸺㸳ḟ ᖺ㸦㸧ቑᨵ ᕤ ❹ᕤ 㸼㸳㸫㸯㸬㸺 ṇ ᖺ㸦㸧ᮏ㤋❹ᕤ!

ࡗࡓࡓ ࠊ᮶ᗑᐈ ࡎ㸯㝵 ᐊ ධ 㒊 ᒚ 㡸ࡅ ධᗑࡋࠊ ࡓ 㥴Ἑ ᐈ ฟ ᥋ࡋ タࡅ ࡓ ရ ࡅΏࡋሙᡤ ရ ࡅ ࠊᆅ㝵 ࡁሙ ಖ ࡉ ࡓᒚ 㸯㝵ᐈ ฟ ࡅ ࠊᒚ ᒚ ᗑ ฟ ࠋ ᐈ ฟධ 㸯㝵タࡅ ࡓ グ㸰 ᡤ ࠊᐈ ィ ࡇ ᪉ᘧ ࡗ ᙉࡃつᐃࡉ ࡗࡓ ࠋ 㛫ᵓᡂ ࡋ ࠊṇ㠃㛵 ධ ሙ 㛫ࡀᗈࡀ ࠊ ሙ 㛫 ኸ㒊 ᖜභ㛫㸦 P㸧ࠊዟ 㛫㸦㹫㸧㸯㝵㸳㝵 ࡁᢤࡅ ࡘ 㝵ẁࡀタࡅ

ᚋᮇ௨᮶ࠊ ᢤࡀ ᗑ 㛫 ᵓᡂࡍ せせ ࠊ ᶓἙᕤ ᡤࡀㄆ ࡋ ࡓࡇ ࡀ ࠋ ࡇࡇ ࠊ 㝵 ᵓᡂ ࠊᆅ㝵 ᶵ 㛵 ᐊࠊᚑᴗဨ ᅗ㸯 ṇ㸱ᖺ ᆅ㝵ᖹ㠃ᅗ㸦㸧ࠊ 㝵ᖹ㠃ᅗ㸦㸧ࠊ 㝵ᖹ㠃 ᅗ㸦㸧> ຍ ಟṇ@ н ᅗ㠃 ᪉ࡀ ᦠᖏရ ሙࠊ ᗜࠊ᮶ᐈ ᒚ ሙ ࡗࡓ ࢡ ࡀ㞟 ࡋ 㓄 ࡉ ࡇ ࡀ ࠋ㸯㝵㸰㝵 ᖹ㠃㒊ศ ࠊ ࡇ 㝵 ᖹ㠃 ࠊ ኸ ᢤ㝵ẁ ᚰ ሙ ఇ ᐊ ᐈ ㅖᐊ ᵓᡂࡉ ࠋ

4 㸯㸬㸺 ṇ ᖺ㸦㸧ᮏ㤋❹ᕤ! 㸰㸬㸺㸯ḟ ṇ ᖺ㸦㸧ቑᨵ ᕤ ❹ᕤ 㸼㸱㸬㸺㸰ḟ ᖺ㸦㸧ಟ ᕤ 㤋 ᡂ 㸼㸲㸬㸺㸱ḟ ᖺ㸦㸧ቑᨵ ᕤ ❹ᕤ 㸼㸳㸬㸺㸲ḟ ᖺ㸦㸧ቑᨵ ᕤ ❹ᕤ 㸼㸴㸬㸺㸳ḟ ᖺ㸦㸧ቑᨵ ᕤ ❹ᕤ 㸼㸳㸫㸯㸬㸺 ṇ ᖺ㸦㸧ᮏ㤋❹ᕤ! ᮏᶫᮏᗑᮏ㤋 ࠊ ᖺ㸦㸧 ❹ᕤࡋࡓ ࢧ ࢫᘧᮌ㐀㸱㝵ᘓ ௬Ⴀᴗᡤ ᮾ㞄ᆅ ඖᅵⶶ㐀 ᮏᗑᮏ㤋 ࡗࡓሙᡤ ᶓἙᕤ ᡤタィ ᘓタࡉ ࡓ㸦ᅗ㸯㸧ࠋ 㛫 ᐊ ᑻ ᑍ 㹫 ࠊዟ ࡁ㥴Ἑ ᑻ 㹫 ᐊ 㠃ࡋ ኸ㒊 ṇ㠃㛵ࡀ ධ ࡋ タࡅ ࠊṇ㠃 ᑐࡋ ዟ ࡀ㛗 ᖹ㠃ィ ࡗࡓࠋ ᐊ 㠃ࡋࡓṇ㠃㛵 ୧ ࠊ 㛵㛤㒊㝖㠃㝞 ࡀタ ࡉ ࡓࠋࡇ ṇ㠃㛵 ᑐࡋ ࠊᐈ ฟ 㥴Ἑ 㠃ࡋࡓ すゅタࡅ ࡓࠋ㤋ෆ ࡗࡓࡓ ࠊ᮶ᗑᐈ ࡎ㸯㝵 ᐊ ධ 㒊 ᒚ 㡸ࡅ ධᗑࡋࠊ ࡓ 㥴Ἑ ᐈ ฟ ᥋ࡋ タࡅ ࡓ ရ ࡅΏࡋሙᡤ ရ ࡅ ࠊᆅ㝵 ࡁሙ ಖ ࡉ ࡓᒚ 㸯㝵ᐈ ฟ ࡅ ࠊᒚ ᒚ ᗑ ฟ ࠋ ᐈ ฟධ 㸯㝵タࡅ ࡓ グ㸰 ᡤ ࠊᐈ ィ ࡇ ᪉ᘧ ࡗ ᙉࡃつᐃࡉ ࡗࡓ ࠋ 㛫ᵓᡂ ࡋ ࠊṇ㠃㛵 ධ ሙ 㛫ࡀᗈࡀ ࠊ ሙ 㛫 ኸ㒊 ᖜභ㛫㸦 P㸧ࠊዟ 㛫㸦㹫㸧㸯㝵㸳㝵 ࡁᢤࡅ ࡘ 㝵ẁࡀタࡅ ࡓࠋ 㒊㠃 ẚ ࠊ ᢤ 㛵እ ᮇ 㧗 ࡋࠊ ᢤ㒊ศࡔࡅᢤ ࡁฟࡋ 㸯㝵㸳㝵 ᖹ㠃㸣 ༨ ࠊࡇ ᢤ ᮇᚅࡉ ࡓᙺ ࡁࡉࡀ ࡀ ࠋ ᢤ ሙ ኸ ࠊ య ࡘ 㛫 ࡍ ᪉ἲ ᮏ㤋す㞄ᆅ ᘓࡘ ௬Ⴀᴗሙ ᘓ ᥇ ࡉ ࡓࠋ௬Ⴀ ᴗሙ ᘓ ኸ㒊 ᮏ ࢥ ᘧ ᰕ ᨭ ࡓ㸱ᒙ ᢤ ࡕࠊ 㒊タࡅ ࡓࢫ ࢢ ࢫ ᥇ගࡀ ࡓࠋ ᮏ ᗑᘓ ࠊࡇ ᢤ 㛫㝵ẁ 㓄ࡍ ᵓ ᡂ ࡘ ࡋ ࠊࡇ ௬Ⴀᴗᡤ ᮇ ࠋ ᚋᮇ௨᮶ࠊ ᢤࡀ ᗑ 㛫 ᵓᡂࡍ せせ ࠊ ᶓἙᕤ ᡤࡀㄆ ࡋ ࡓࡇ ࡀ ࠋ ࡇࡇ ࠊ 㝵 ᵓᡂ ࠊᆅ㝵 ᶵ 㛵 ᐊࠊᚑᴗဨ ᅗ㸯 ṇ㸱ᖺ ᆅ㝵ᖹ㠃ᅗ㸦㸧ࠊ 㝵ᖹ㠃ᅗ㸦㸧ࠊ 㝵ᖹ㠃 ᅗ㸦㸧> ຍ н ᅗ㠃 ᪉ࡀ ᦠᖏရ ሙࠊ ᗜࠊ᮶ᐈ ᒚ ሙ ࡗࡓ ࢡ ࡀ㞟 ࡋ 㓄 ࡉ ࡇ ࡀ ࠋ㸯㝵㸰㝵 ᖹ㠃㒊ศ ࠊ ࡇ 㝵 ᖹ㠃 ࠊ ኸ ᢤ㝵ẁ ᚰ ሙ ఇ ᐊ ᐈ ㅖᐊ ᵓᡂࡉ ࠋ ᪉ࠊ㸲㝵ᖹ㠃 ࡋ ᪉ ࡈ 㐨㞄᥋ᘓ ቃ ࡗ ࠊฟධ ᅗ ᐊ 㥴Ἑ 㠃ࡋࡓᮾ ࠊ ㅖᐊ 㓄 ࡀ ᛌ ィ ࡉ ࡓࡇ ࡀ ࠋ ㅖᐊࡀ㓄 ࡉ ࠊ㸱㝵㸳㝵 ሙ ࡋ ࡀ ࡇࡇ ࠊ㸺 ṇ㸱ᖺ 㸼 ᚩ 㒊㠃 ẚ ồ ḟ ࠊ ㅖᐊ ΰᡂࡋࡓᖹ㠃ィ ࡗࡓࡇ ࡀ ࠋ ࡓࠊ㸰 ࠋᐈ 㒊ศ 㠃 ẚ 㸣 ᑐࡋࠊᗑ 㒊ศ 㠃 ẚ 㝵ᖹ㠃ᅗ Ώ ᗯ ࡀᥥ ࠊᮏ㤋㞄᥋ࡍ ௬Ⴀᴗᡤ 㸣ࠊ ᢤ 㛵㠃 ẚ 㸣 ᵓᡂ ࡗࡓࠋᐈ 㒊㸰㝵 ᥋ ࡋ ࡓࡇ ࡀ ࠋᮏ㤋 ௬Ⴀᴗᡤ 㛫 ࠊ ศ ෆ ヂ ࠊ ሙ ᵓ ᡂ ẚ 㸣 ሙ 㥴Ἑ 㠃ࡋ ᮌᡞࡀタࡅ ࠊࡑ ෆ ᆏ㐨㝵㸣㸩 ᒓ タ㸣 ࠊᐈ 㒊ศ 㠃 ẚࡀ 㸣 ᗘ ẁ グࡀ ࡓ ࠊࡇࡇࡀᦙධ ࡋ ࡉ ࡓ ࡎẚ ప ࠋࡇ ᐈ タ㝵ẁ ࠋ ࢱ ౽ᡤࠊ 㛵 ࡗࡓ᮶ᗑᐈ ᛌ㐺ᛶ ࠊᘓ 2300

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㝵 ሙタ ሙᡤ ࠋຍ ࠊ ᒙ㝵 ᐈ タ ቑ క 㸳㸴㸵㝵 ᚑᴗဨ㠃 ቑ ࡀㄞ ࠋ ࡓࠊ㜵タㄪ ᐇ ࡗ タഛ ᶵ ࢫ ࢫ ᵓᡂ ẚ 㸺 ṇ ᖺ 㸼㸣㸺㸰ᖺ 㸼㸣 ಸቑࡋ ࠋタഛ ᶵ ᐊ 㝵㠃 ᵓᡂ ࠊ 㝵 ᖹᆒ ಸቑࡋ ࡀࠊ㸵㝵 ሙ ㄪタ ഛᶵ ᐊࡀ ࡁࡃቑ ࡋ ࡇ ࡀㄆ ࠋ 㸳㸫㸲㸬㸺㸱ḟ ᖺ㸦㸧ቑᨵ ᕤ ❹ᕤ 㸼㸺 ᖺ 㸼 ቑᨵ ࠊᮏ㤋༡ ᆅ ᪧ ኸ㤋す㤋 ᘏ㛗 ᣑ

ᡭἲࡀࠊᘓ つᶍ ᛂࡌࡓつᶍ ᐇ ࡉ ࡓࠋ 㸯㝵 ᆅ㝵 ᖹ㠃ᅗ ぢẚ ࠊᖹ㠃እᙧࡀᆅ 㸯㝵㒊ศ ࡇ ࡀㄞ ࠋቑ 㒊༡ す㸱ࢫ ศࡀ 㸯ࢫ ࠊ༡ 㸶ࢫ ศࡀ 㸰ࢫ ๐ ࠋ᪂ タ㒊 ࡘ ᑍἲ ࡗ ࠊᆅ 㸯㝵ࡀᮾす ᑻ 㹫 ࠊ༡ ᑻ 㹫 ᆅ༡ ᮾ ቃ 㝈 ᘓ ࡉ ᑐࡋࠊ 㝵㝵㛵ࡋ ᮾす ᑻ 㹫 ࠊ༡ 㛗㒊 ᑻ 㹫 ᅇ ᑠࡉ እᙧ ࡗࡓࡇ ࡀ ࠋࡇ ࠊ༡ ᐤࡏ ᮾ ᒇእ㝵ẁ タ ࡓ ࠋࡇ እᙧ

7 㝵 ሙタ ሙᡤ ࠋຍ ࠊ ᒙ㝵 ᐈ タ ቑ క 㸳㸴㸵㝵 ᚑᴗဨ㠃 ቑ ࡀㄞ ࠋ ࡓࠊ㜵タㄪ ᐇ ࡗ タഛ ᶵ ࢫ ࢫ ᵓᡂ ẚ 㸺 ṇ ᖺ 㸼㸣㸺㸰ᖺ 㸼㸣 ಸቑࡋ ࠋタഛ ᶵ ᐊ 㝵㠃 ᵓᡂ ࠊ 㝵 ᖹᆒ ಸቑࡋ ࡀࠊ㸵㝵 ሙ ㄪタ ഛᶵ ᐊࡀ ࡁࡃቑ ࡋ ࡇ ࡀㄆ ࠋ 㸳㸫㸲㸬㸺㸱ḟ ᖺ㸦㸧ቑᨵ ᕤ ❹ᕤ 㸼㸺 ᖺ 㸼 ቑᨵ ࠊᮏ㤋༡ ᆅ ᪧ ኸ㤋す㤋 ᘏ㛗 ᣑ ࡍ ࡓ ࠋ ᡂࡋࡓ 㤋 ᖹ㠃 እᙧ ᙧ / Ꮠᙧ ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ㸲㸧ࠋࡇ ቑᨵ ࡗ ࠊ㸺㸰ᖺ 㸼 ᴟᑠ ࡉ ࡓ ᢤࡀࠊつᶍ ࡁࡃࡋ ኸ㒊 ࡍ ᪂タࡉ ࡓࠋ ᢤࡅ 㸯㝵㸳㝵㐩ࡋࠊ㸯㝵 ࡅ 㒊 ᗋ㠃㛫㸱ࢫ ࠊዟ 㸲ࢫ ࡗ ࡓࠋ ᢤࡅ 㝵ẁࠊ㸰㝵 ࢥ ࠊࢫ ࢢ ࢫ ࡀタࡅ ࡓࠋ ࡘ ௬Ⴀᴗᡤ 㸺 ṇ㸱ᖺ 㸼 ᮏ㤋 ࠊᘓ ኸ㒊 ᢤ㝵ẁ ࠊ᮶ᗑᐈ ᑐࡋ 㛫㛤ᨺឤࠊ ࡉࠊ 㯇ࡉ ₇ฟࡍ タィࡍ ᡭἲࡀࠊᘓ つᶍ ᛂࡌࡓつᶍ ᐇ ࡉ ࡓࠋ 㸯㝵 ᆅ㝵 ᖹ㠃ᅗ ぢẚ ࠊᖹ㠃እᙧࡀᆅ 㸯㝵㒊ศ ࡇ ࡀㄞ ࠋቑ 㒊༡ す㸱ࢫ ศࡀ 㸯ࢫ ࠊ༡ 㸶ࢫ ศࡀ 㸰ࢫ ๐ ࠋ᪂ タ㒊 ࡘ ᑍἲ ࡗ ࠊᆅ 㸯㝵ࡀᮾす ᑻ 㹫 ࠊ༡ ᑻ 㹫 ᆅ༡ ᮾ ቃ 㝈 ᘓ ࡉ ᑐࡋࠊ 㝵㝵㛵ࡋ ᮾす ᑻ 㹫 ࠊ༡ 㛗㒊 ᑻ 㹫 ᅇ ᑠࡉ እᙧ ࡗࡓࡇ ࡀ ࠋࡇ ࠊ༡ ᐤࡏ ᮾ ᒇእ㝵ẁ タ ࡓ ࠋࡇ እᙧ ࡎ ࡓ㒊ศ 㝵༡ ᐤࡏ ᗋ㠃 ࠊᆅ ᥇ග ࡋࡓ ࢫ ࢡ ࡀタࡅ ࡓࠋᡓᚋ ቑᨵ ࠊࡇ ᆅ㝵 ᆅ 㝵 እᙧ 㐪 ࡃ ࡀࠊ㸺 ᖺ 㸼 ࠊᆅ㝵 ᆅ 㝵 ᘓ ᅖ 㐪ࡀ ࡗࡓࡇ ࠊቑᨵ ࡃ ぢ ࡏ ࠊࡇࡇ ゐ ࡁࡓ ࠋ ࡇ ༡ ฟධ ᪂タ కࡗ ࠊ㸯㝵 ᮶ᗑᐈ ฟධ ࠊ ᖹ㠃ィ ࡀ ࡁࡃᨵኚࡉ ࡇ ࡗࡓࠋ ᐊ 㠃ࡋࡓᮾ㠃㸺㸰ᖺ 㸼 ᪂タࡉ ࡓ㥴Ἑ 㠃ࡋࡓ 㠃 Ꮡ ࡋ ࡓࡀࠊ ᢤ㝵ẁ ༡ฟධ ᪂タ ࡗ ࠊᪧ ኸ㤋 ༡ 㞟 ࡉ ࡓ౽ᡤ ᪧす㤋㒊タࡉ ࠊ㝵ẁ ᪂タࡉ ࡓ༡ฟධ ୧ ࠊ ࢱ 㝵ẁ ᮾす୧ タࡉ ࡓࠋⲴゎࡁ ࡌ ᅗ㸲 ᖺ ᆅ㝵ᖹ㠃ᅗ㸦㸧ࠊ 㝵ᖹ㠃ᅗ㸦㸧ࠊ㸲㝵ᖹ ࡋࡓࢧ ࢫࢫ ࢫ ᪧす㤋 ቑ 㒊す㞟 ࡉ ࠊᪧ 㠃ᅗ㸦㸧 > ຍ ಟṇ@ н ᅗ㠃 ᪉ࡀ す㤋す㠃タࡅ ࡓᐈ ฟධ ᗫࡉ ࠊᦙฟධ ౪ࡉ ࡓࠋ ᐈ ฟධ ᮾ㠃 ࠊ 㠃 ࠊ 㸺㸰ᖺ 㸼 ẚࡋ ቑຍࡋ ࡎࠊ 㸺 ༡㠃 ᪂タࡉ ࡓ ᐤࡏ ᣢࡘ༡ ༡ ᮾ 㸱 ᡤ ࡗࡓࠋࡇ 㸰ᖺ 㸼㸣㸺 ᖺ 㸼㸣 ࡁࡃῶࡌ ᐈ ฟධ ୧ ࡑ ࡒ ࢩ ࡀタ ࡉ ࡓࠋ ࠋࡇ ࠊ ࠊ ᢤ 㛵እ 㠃 ẚࡀ㸺㸰ᖺ 㸰㝵㸳㝵 ࠊඹ ࡋ ኸ㒊 ᢤࡅ㝵ẁ ᚰ ࡋ 㸼㸣㸺 ᖺ 㸼 ቑຍࡋ ࡓ ࠋ ࠊࡑ ᅖ ሙࡀ㓄 ࡉ ࡓࠋ つᶍ ᢤࡅ ༡ ᪂タ ࡁࡃᗋ㠃 ᦆ ィ ࡗࡓ ࡇࡇ 㒊㠃 ẚ ࠊᐈ 㒊ศ ሙ㠃 యࡀ ࡎ ࡀࠊᘓ እ 㛤㒊 ᥇ග 㛤ᨺឤ ౫Ꮡࡋ ࠊ ሙ 2303

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11 RESEACH ON THE MITSUKOSHI NIHONBASHI BUILDING IN CONSIDERATION OF THE RELATION BETWEEN ARCHITECTURAL PLANNING AND PROFITABILITY Vicissitudes in the Renovation and Expansion of the Mitsukoshi Flagship Store at Nihonbashi, Part 1 Masaharu NOMURA * * Assist. Prof., Kansai University, Doctor of Fine Arts In this paper, I outline the birth and development of department store architecture in modern Japan and the interrelation of profitability and architectural plans by examining the case of the Mitsukoshi flagship store at Nihonbashi. This paper covers the following five periods of development: (1) 1914: Completion of the Main Building s Construction Efforts were taken to construct spaces such as entryways and stairwells to instill a sense of splendor and novelty in visitors. Expressing the establishment of the business style of the department store was regarded as the primary matter of importance, and little thought was given to profitability. A dry-goods business model was still followed, and suitable architectural plans were made for this model. (2) 1921: Completion of Restructuring and Expansion Work An intentional expansion of the sales area was undertaken in response to perceived demand. An awareness of profitability began to be reflected in architectural plans. Specialization of clerical work was also observed. The service model of the dry-goods model was still being followed, but now a rationalization of the store s management system led to a change in the service model, and this change was also reflected in the architectural plans. (3) 1927: Completion of Restoration Work for the Whole Building There was a small increase in the percentage of pure sales space. This was the result of the consideration of other methods of profit maximization besides increased sales space, such as attracting customers through enhancing guest facilities and an increase in customer turnover rate through changes in line flow, floor organization, and clearance practices, which was accompanied by the discontinuation of footwear due to a decrease in demand following the Great Kanto Earthquake. The changes reflected the popularization and expansion of department stores and, ironically, suggested that the earthquake provided an opportunity to plan a full-scale shedding of the dry-goods model. (4) 1935: Completion of Restructuring and Expansion Work Pure sales area proportion was decreased for the restoration of stairwells and to enhance customer facilities. This proactive reevaluation of construction plans for stairwells, introduction of a large-scale event hall, and use of basement selling space had not been present in the previous phase. These actions were attempts to attract customers, which in turn reflected the popularization of department stores. (5) 1956: Completion of Restructuring and Expansion Work This period saw no significant alteration in the architectural plans for the floor area, but there were fine adjustments and enhancements such as the extension of the façade along Nihon-odori by filling out the block, refinement of characterization through orientation, adjustment of line flow, increase of sales space, and refinement of vertical organization considering customer access. The discontinuation of footwear after the earthquake, the minimization and subsequent restoration of the splendid staircases, and the expansion of utilized space were all direct and significant sources of the changes in architectural plans. However, one can infer from a comparison of floor plans and the distribution of floor space that each architectural plan or act of restructuring and expansion was also designed to actualize changes in sales methods that coincided with changes in floor organization and in the store s customer base. The raison d'être for the department store s architecture and the managers greatest demand to designers was to improve sales. Because of this, each architectural plan was an optimized solution not just to realize the maximization of the profitable area but also to achieve an increase in customers through the consideration of changes in the customer base. (2016 年 3 月 10 日原稿受理,2016 年 7 月 6 日採用決定 ) 2307

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8018.pdf The Operation and Process of Transfer of Development Rights as the Historic Conservation Tool in Dadaocheng, Taipei - Focusing on the Impact on the Historical Environment in Volume Sending Sites - * *