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1 BIBLID (2000)18:1 pp Heyns Pol * Ann Heylen Koen de Ridder ** Chinesen Tayouan

2 ,000 1,500 BlusséL. and Roessingh, M.P.H. A Visit to the Past: Soulang, a Formosan Village anno 1623, Archipel ( 1984, nr. 27 ), p Van Gelder, R. Het Oost-Indisch avontuur: Duitsers in dienst van de VOC ( ). Nijmegen: SUN, 1997, pp

3 % Captain Sirobtdonne 6 Augustijn Augustijn Augustijn Captain Sirobtdonne Augustijn Augustijn 200 Augustijn Captain Sirobtdonne VOC 1093, folio 369, 372, 380. VOC

4 Ziekentrooster Fiscaal Burgher VOC 1093, folio 337, , , , VOC 1116, folio 322; VOC 1131, folio 308; Van der Chijs, J.A. Nederlandsch-Indisch Plakaatboek, Eerste deel: ( s Hage: M. Nijhoff, 1885 ), pp Banda 11 VOC 1094, folio 133; VOC 1101, folio 430; VOC 1105, folio ; VOC 1131, folio 304; VOC 1131, folio; VOC 1140, folio Coolhaas, W. Ph. ed., Generale missiven van Gouverneurs-Generaal en Raden aan Heren XVII der Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie ( s Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, 1960, Vol. I), pp ; Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, De Dagregisters van het Kasteel Zeelandia, Taiwan, ( s-gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, 1986, Vol. I), pp VOC 1140, folio 328; VOC 1140, folio

5 Reaal van achten VOC 1093, folio 371; VOC 1094, folio 133; VOC 1105, folio 226; VOC 1113, folio 693; VOC 1113, folio 795. Groeneveldt, W.P. De Nederlanders in China. Eerste stuk: De eerste bemoeiingen om den handel in China en de vestiging in de Pescadores ( ) ( s-gravenhage, 1898), p Heyns, P. Deer Hunting in Dutch Formosa, Forthcoming publication in: Louvain Chinese Studies VOC 1131, folio

6 Reduit Zeeburch Fort Zeelandia Stad Zeelandia Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie Klerk de Reus, G.C. Geschichtlicher Ueberblick der Administrativen, Rechtlichen und Finanziellen Entwicklung der Niederländisch-Ostindischen Compagnie, Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch genootschap van kunsten en wetenschappen, deel XLVII (Batavia: Albrecht & Rusche; s Hage: Nijhoff, 1894 ), pp Heeres, J.E. Dagh-register gehouden int Casteel Batavia vant passerende daer ter plaetse als over geheel Nederlandts-India, Anno ( s-gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, 1896), pp

7 Stad Provintia VOC 1093, folio ; Kees Zandvliet VOC 1085, folio 231; VOC 1093, folio , 363, 366, 380; VOC 1101, folio 429; VOC 1102, folio VOC 1085 folio 231; VOC 1093, folio , ; VOC 1101, folio ; VOC 1116, folio Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, De Dagregisters van het Kasteel Zeelandia, Taiwan, , pp. 19, 23, 43, 44, 68-69, 77-78, 87-88, 90,

8 Wancan 26 Gerrit Frederixcsen de Witt Collegie van Schepenen Joctaij Chako VOC 1113, folio 760; Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, pp. 172, Kees Zandvliet VOC 1093, folio Tonio Andrada Andrada, T. Political Spectacle and Colonial Rule: The Landdag on Dutch Taiwan, , Itinerario, 21:3 1997, pp Van der Chijs, J.A. (1885), p. 60, 128. Hoetink, B. So Bing Kong: het eerste hoofd der Chineezen te Batavia, Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land-, en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië, uitgegeven door het het Koninklijk Instituut voor de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië ( s- Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff 1917, Deel 73 ), pp VOC 1149, folio

9 Reduit 1636 Reduit Vlissingen Taccauja Tamsuij Orangie Taccauja Orangie VOC 1093, folio VOC 1093, folio 355, 360, 362, 368, 371, 378, 383 Kees Zandvliet VOC 1093, folio VOC 1116, folio 319; Grothe, J.A. Archief voor de Geschiedenis der Oude Hollandse Zending (Utrecht: C, van Bentum, 1886, Vol. 3 ), pp , 91, 105,

10 H. Brouwer Stadhouder Staten Generaal Plakaatboek Van der Chijs, J.A. (1885), pp , VOC 1093, folio 372; VOC 1101, folio 431; VOC 1131, folio Van der Chijs, J.A. (1885), p. 78, VOC 1101, folio Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, pp VOC 1113, folio 762.

11 Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, pp ; VOC 1120, folio VOC 1123, folio VOC 1123, folio Everts N. Indigenous Concepts of Marriage in 17th Century Sincan (Hsin-Kang) as Witnessed by the Dutch Ministers Georgius Candidius and Robertus Junius: A Note about Gender Relations on the Spot, International Conference on the Formosan Indigenous Peoples (Taipei: Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica, 1999) VOC 1116, folio VOC 1116, folio 373.

12 Hans Putmans picol VOC 1120, folio 23; VOC 1120, folio VOC 1120, folio Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, p VOC 1116, folio VOC 1116, folio Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, p VOC 1116, folio ; Grothe J.A. pp Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, p. 226, 232; Coolhaas, W. Ph. pp ; Colenbrander, H.T. Dagh-register gehouden int Casteel Batavia vant passerende daer ter plaetse als over geheel Nederlandts-India, Anno 1636 ( s-gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, 1899), p picol picul ) = ( catty ) = 16 tael Blussé 1 = 62.5 Shepherd 1 = Blussé, L., W.E. Milde and Ts ao Yung-Ho, De Dagregisters van het Kasteel Zeelandia, Taiwan, (Den Haag: Instituut voor Nederlandse Geschiedenis, 1995, Vol. II ( )), p. 622; Blussé, L., Everts, N., Frech, E. The Formosan encounter: Notes on Formosa s Aboriginal Society A Selection of Documents from Dutch Archival Sources, (Vol. I. Taipei: Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines, 1999), p. 308; Shepherd J.R. Statecraft and Political Economy on the Taiwan Frontier (Taipei: SCM, 1995), p. XVIII.

13 Jacoma 50,000 Simtocq 30,000 Sanloe 40,000 Cambingh 12,000 Lampack 30,000 Boijcko 70,000 Peco 30, ,000 1,600 2, VOC 1116, folio 257; VOC 1116, folio 372; VOC 1131, folio 308; VOC 1131, folio VOC 1131, folio 492; VOC 1131, folio VOC 1116, folio VOC 1120, folio 23; VOC 1120, folio 263; VOC 1120, folio VOC 1128, folio VOC 1131, folio 154; VOC 1131, folio 309; VOC 1131, folio ; VOC 1133, folio 154; VOC 1133, folio

14 Katoen Indigo Hennep Tarwe gember Tabak Radix China VOC 1116, folio 257; VOC 1116, folio 373; VOC 1120, folio Wennekes, W. Gouden Handel (Amsterdam/Antwerpen: Atlas, 1996 ), pp VOC 1116, folio 257; VOC 1116, folio VOC 1116, folio; VOC 1116, folio VOC 1116, folio 257; VOC 1116, folio VOC 1116, folio 257; VOC 1116, folio 321; VOC 1131, folio 311; VOC 1133, folio VOC 1116, folio 321; VOC 1120, folio 23 ; VOC 1131, folio VOC 1116, folio 321; VOC 1120, folio 23; VOC 1131, folio 310; VOC 1131, folio

15 Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, pp , 213, 303, 306, 330, 390, , 407, 409, 411, Campbell, W. Formosa under the Dutch ([London 1903], Taipei: SMC Publishing Inc., 1992), pp. 149, , , 210. Colenbrander, H.T. Dagh-register gehouden int Casteel Batavia vant passerende daer ter plaetse als over geheel Nederlandts-India, Anno ( s-gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, 1900), p Van der Chijs, J.A. Dagh-register gehouden int Casteel Batavia vant passerende daer ter plaetse als over geheel Nederlandts-India, Anno ( s-gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, 1887), p Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, p. 170, 328; VOC 1123, folio

16 canael VOC 1123, folio 795; Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, pp. 19, 30, 43, 44, VOC 1101, folio 368; Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, pp. 2, 60, 170, 177, 194, 200, 216, 231, 242, 302, 330, Ashurst J. Ashurst N. Practical Building Conservation: English Heritage Technical Handbook, vol. 2 (New York: Halsted Press, 1988), pp Van der Chijs, J.A. (1885), pp. 228, 383, 457, VOC 1131, folio VOC 1116, folio Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, pp. 200, 208, 216, 261, 310, 321, 324, 329, 334, 337, 374, 406, 416, 418, 422, , 474, ,

17 ,000 Gulden ,334 45% 93 Canassers Primus inter pares ,334 50, , VOC 1131, folio VOC 1128, folio 530; Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, p VOC 1131, folio 303; Van Veen, E. How the Dutch ran a seventeenth-century colony: the occupation and loss of Formosa Itinerario, 20:1(1996), pp VOC 1120, folio ; Grothe, J.A. pp VOC 1131, folio 305; VOC 1131, folio

18 = ~2 Musquet VOC 1093, folio 355; Van der Chijs, J.A. (1885), p VOC 1109, folio 199; VOC 1120, folio ; VOC 1128, folio 533; Grothe, J.A. pp = VOC 1093, folio 367, 374; VOC 1109, folio 199; Van der Chijs, J.A. (1885), pp , , 342; Fryke, C. Schweitzer, C Voyages to the East Indies 1680 to 1686 / 1676 to 1683 (New Delhi, Madras: Asian Educational Services, 1997), p. XXVIII. 99 Grothe, J.A. pp. 83, 89, , , 177; Colenbrander, H.T. Dagh-register gehouden int Casteel Batavia vant passerende daer ter plaetse als over geheel Nederlandts-India, Anno 1637 ( s-gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, 1899), p.152; Colenbrander, H.T. Dagh-register anno 1636, p. 287;

19 Vrijwillige collecte Pachter , VOC 1127, folio 506; VOC 1131, folio , , ,247 VOC 1131, folio 303; Van Veen, E., pp , 66-67, Grothe, J.A., p. 135, , VOC 1127, folio VOC 1131, folio 306; VOC 1131, folio Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, p. 489 ; Van der Chijs, J.A. (1885), pp. 94, 113, , 243, Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, p Van der Chijs, J.A. (1885), pp. 76, 80, 559.

20 Cabessa Delft VOC 1093, folio VOC 1093 folio 364, Coolhaas, W. Ph., p VOC 1093, folio VOC 1094, folio Colenbrander, H.T. Dagh-register gehouden int Casteel Batavia vant passerende daer ter plaetse alsover geheel Nederlandts-India, Anno ( s-gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, 1898), p Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, p p p. 193.

21 Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, p. 226, 232. Colenbrander, H.T. Dagh-register anno 1636, p Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, pp. 236, Colenbrander, H.T. Dagh-register anno 1637, p VOC 1128, folio VOC 1131, folio VOC 1133, folio Van der Chijs, J.A. (1887), p VOC 1093, folio 357, VOC 1093, folio VOC 1093, folio 382; VOC 1102, folio VOC 1101, folio VOC 1101, folio 368, 373; Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho, p. 2, p VOC 1116, folio VOC 1116, folio 372; VOC 1116, folio 257; VOC 1116, folio ;VOC 1120, folio VOC 1120, folio VOC 1131, folio 305; VOC 1131, folio 522.

22 Bauwia * Boico/ Boicko/ Boycko/ Boijco/ Boncq/ Boica * * * Cambingh/ Cambijn/ Cambing/ Sitsick/ Sitsick/ Sisicq/ Sitsicq/ Jan Soetecau/ Jan Soutekauw 139 * * * * Coyongh * Gonqua/ Siuhouw * * Gwitsick * Jacoma/ Jacomey/ Jacomo/ Jacobam * * * Jauchijm * Kastvat * Kokong * Lacqua * * Lakko/ Lacco * * * Lampack * * Peco * * * * Pidi/ Pijdij * Samsiacq/ Samsjacque/ Sansiack/ Samsiack/ * * Samziacq Sangloe/ Sanloe/ Sanbec * * Sapsiko * Saptia * Scheiang * Schitko * Sianghij * Siko * * Simkoi * 136 VOC 1131, folio 398; VOC 1131, folio 492, 533: VOC 1131, folio 744, 825; Hoetink, B. p. 399; Blussé, L., M.E. van Opstall and Ts ao Yung-Ho Grothe, J.A Sitsick (alias Jan Soetecau), Blussé, L., W.E. Milde and Ts ao Yung- Ho, p. 4; VOC 1131, folio 825 Sitsicq alias Cambing Cambing Sitsicq

23 Simsiang * Sina * Sinco * Simtock * Songo * Suia * Swantai * Thaitia * Theiting * Ticlouw/ Ticlauw/ Ticlau * * Tinsiak * Tongo * Tsicquian/ Tzizijquan/ Compadl * Watbang * Zinkik *

24 152 Economic Relations between the Dutch East India Company and the Chinese in Early Dutch Formosa ( ) Heyns Pol Abstract The Dutch East India Company settled in Tainan after retreating from the Pescadores in 1624, hoping to use it as a base for penetrating the vast Chinese market and cutting off trade between Manila and China. Although the Dutch were primarily focused on the China trade, they quickly adapted an immigration policy to take advantage of Chinese labor in the Tainan area. Up to this day popular belief contends that the Dutch merely exploited those Chinese migrant workers, but little research has been done on this topic and little is known about Sino-Dutch relations in the Tainan area. This article attempts to reach a better understanding of early Sino-Dutch economic relations in the Tainan area by thoroughly researching both published and unpublished sources of the Dutch East India Company related to Formosa, the originals of which are preserved in the Algemeen Rijksarchief of the Hague. The author analyzes how the Dutch East India Company offered the Chinese coming to the Tainan area security, protection, employment, as well as incentives to develop the land. This policy resulted in extensive as well as intensive cooperation in a number of areas such as construction, transportation, agriculture and deer hunting. The documents detailing these policies give us a more comprehensive picture of early Sino-Dutch economic relations in Dutch Formosa. Key Words: Formosa, Sino-Dutch economic relations, Dutch East India Company, Tainan, Ming dynasty

(emigration),, :,,, 18-19, 12-13, 17-20,,, 17-20,,,,, 15, 17-18, ( Push - Pull Theory),,,, 1926, 375, 31115, 83 %, 300, 90 % [1 ],,,,?,? [2 ] 17-19,,,

(emigration),, :,,, 18-19, 12-13, 17-20,,, 17-20,,,,, 15, 17-18, ( Push - Pull Theory),,,, 1926, 375, 31115, 83 %, 300, 90 % [1 ],,,,?,? [2 ] 17-19,,, 2001 3 1 Overseas Chinese History Studies Mar., 2001 No. 1 : 17-18 (, 361005) [ ] ; ; ; [ ] 17-18,,, 16, 17-18,, 17 20,, 17-18 [ ] D63413 [ ] A [ ] 1002-5162 (2001) 01-0028 - 14 [ ] 2000208231 Interaction