DSi 75% 2 DSi 3 DSi DSi m m m 600 km 2000 m m DSi DS

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1 ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY Vol 33 No 1 January 2014 DOI /j issn DSi * ** 李磊王云龙蒋玫唐峰华沈新强 DSi DIN DIP DSi DIN DSi % DIN 3 DIP N P Si P Si N P Changes and impacts of dissolved silicate and nutrient structure in the Yangtze River Estuary and adjacent area after water storage of the Three Gorges Project LI Lei WANG Yunlong JIANG Mei TANG Fenghua SHEN Xinqiang * East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Key and Open Laboratory of Marine and Estuarine Fisheries Resources and Ecology Ministry of Agriculture Shanghai China Abstract Based on the surveys in the Yangtze River Estuary and its adjacent area after water storage of the Three Gorges Project in the spring May and summer August of year 2004 to 2009 the contents of dissolved silicate DSi dissolved inorganic nitrogen DIN and dissolved inorganic phosphorus DIP were analyzed and the nutrient structure limitation after water storage of the Three Gorges Project were compared The results showed that the concentration of DSi decreased by 63 37% respectively while the concentration of DIN increased more then three times and the concentration of DIP changed little after water storage The N P ratio increased whereas Si P ratio and Si N ratio declined after water storage According to the criteria for stoichiometries and probable nutrient limitation there was a trend for nutrient structure imbalance and P was the potential limited factor of phytoplankton growth Such changes in nutrient structure may have led to decrease of large diatoms and a shift of phytoplankton species composition which may cause the ecosystem changes in the Yangtze River estuary Keywords Three Gorges Project Yangtze River Estuary dissolved silicate nutrient structure DSi DSi 82% 1 DSi * CB ** xinqiang_shen@ hotmail com

JIANG Mei TANG Fenghua SHEN Xinqiang * East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Key and Open Laboratory of Marine and Estuarine Fisheries Resources and Ecology

2 DSi 75% 2 DSi 3 DSi DSi m m m 600 km 2000 m m DSi DSi Whatman GF /F 0 3% Fig 1 1 Location of sampling stations

11 12 13 14 DSi 15 2004 2009 5 8 DSi 1 1 1 2004 2009 5 8

3 1 DSi 137 T ph Sal YSI SKALAR SKALAR DSi DIN = NO - 3 -N + NO - 2 -N + NH + 4 -N - NO - 3 -N - NO - 2 -N NH + 4 -N DIP 1 2 Kruska-Wallis SPSS 17 0 Surfer 9 0 Kriging ± T ± ± ± 4 11 < 1 P > ph 7 80 ± ± ± > 1 P > Table 1 Changes of main environmental factors in the investigation area from 2004 to T / ± ± ± ± ± ± 1 58 ph 7 80 ± ± ± ± ± ± 0 08 Sal ± ± ± ± ± ± T / ± ± ± ± ± ± 1 32 ph 8 41 ± ± ± ± ± ± 0 17 Sal ± ± ± ± ± ± Sal ± ± ± 7 56> 1 P < 0 05 T T 16 T ph ph T ph Sal Sal y Sal = x R 2 = 0 62 F = 6 42 P = DSi DIN DIP DSi 3a DSi ± ± μmol L ±

from 2004 to 2009 2004 2005 2006 T / 17 50 ± 1 27 28 15 ± 0 67 20 41 ± 1 12 26 23 ± 0 49 19 99 ± 1 14 25 99 ± 1 58 ph 7 80 ± 0 20 7 93 ± 0 15 7 90 ± 0 15 8 01 ± 0 08 8 23 ± 0 15 7 94 ± 0 08 Sal 25 43

4 μmol L - 1 P < DSi 2 23 μmol L DSi % Sal Fig 2 Annual average runoff and salinity in the Yangtze River Estuary from 2004 to 2009 DSi DIN 3b DIN ± ± μmol L ± μmol L - 1 P < 0 05 P > DIN DSi DIN DIP c DIP 0 72 ± ± 0 77 μmol L ± 0 26 μmol L - 1 P > 0 05 Fig 3 3 DSi a DIN b DIP c Concentrations of DSi DIN and DIP in the investigation area after water storage 1 DSi DIN DIP 3 DSi 3 DSi

μmol L - 1 P < 0 05 P > 0 05 2009 DIN 2004 3 41 DSi DIN DIP 2004 2009 3c 2004 2009 DIP 0 72 ± 0 31 1 66 ± 0 77 μmol L - 1 1 03 ± 0 26

5 1 DSi % Si 28 N P BSi Si DSi 29 DSi 5-7 DSi 1968 DSi DSi 0 50 μmol L DSi 2 23 μmol L - 1 DSi DSi DSi 80% DSi 200 μmol L - 1 DSi DSi DIN DIP 3 50% Si 40% N 60% P 32 DIN DIP DSi DIN N N 35 N N N 50 N 2 39 N N DIN DIP N P Si P Si N N P Si P % Si N % N P Si P Si N Si N P N P Si P Si N Si P > 22 N P > 22 P N P < 10 Si N > 1 N Si P < 10 Si N < 1 Si 45 P Si DSi 20

41 2 3 2004 2009 N P Si P Si N 2 2004 2009 N P 10 51 57 34 22 67 6 3 28 2004 2009 Si P 19 81 46 12 33 36 6 39 39% 2004 2009 Si N 0 52 3 34 1 86 6

6 Table 2 2 Molar ratios of nutrients in the surface and bottom waters and spring and summer in the investigation area Si P Si N N P Si P Si N N P ph P > 0 05 P < DSi % DIN 3 DIP P > N P Si P Si N % 81 22% 1 Treguer P Nelson D M Van Bennekom A J et al The silica balance in the world ocean A reestimate J Science Nelson D M Tr E Guer P Brzezinski M A et al Production and dissolution of biogenic silica in the ocean Revised global estimates comparison with regional data and relationship to biogenic sedimentation J Global Biogeochemical Cycles J Scope Scientific Committee of Problems International Workshop on the Global Silica Cycle R Sweden Humborg C Lttekkot V Cociasu A et al Effect of Danube River dam on Black Sea biogeochemistry and ecosystem structure J Nature Wahby S D Bishara N F The effect of River Nile on Mediterranean water before and after the construction of the High Dam at Aswan / / Matin I M Burton J D Eisma D eds River inputs to ocean systems M New York United Nations Turner R E Rabalais N N Changes in Mississippi River water quality this century Implications for coastal food webs J Bioscience Smetacek V Biological oceanography Diatoms and the silicate factor J Nature Conley D J Riverine contribution of biogenic silica to the oceanic silica budget J Limnology Oceanography Rahm L Time series analysis of nutrient inputs to the Baltic Sea and changing DSi DIN ratios J Marine Ecology Progress Series

79 43 40 1 62 1 32 23 34 32 86 40 57 30 17 1 84 1 34 22 02 22 53 2008 25 95 29 91 1 12 0 92 23 10 32 40 25 80 24 78 1 12 1 03 22 97 24 03 2009 21 43 32 56 0 52 0 57 41 17 57 34 19 81 23 95 0 68 0 64

7 1 DSi J J J J J J ph J J J R R R R R R Bennekom V A J Salomons W Pathways of nutrients and organic matter from land to ocean through rivers / /Martine J M Burton J D Eisma eds River inputs to ocean systems IOC SCOR United Nations C New York R Friedl G Wüest A Disrupting biogeochemical cycles-consequences of damming J Aquatic Sciences-Research Across Boundaries Conley D J Chelske C L Stoermer E F Modification of the biogeochemical cycle of silica with eutrophication J Marine Ecology Progress Series J J Garnier J Bruno L Nathalie S et al Biogeochemical mass-balances C N P Si in three large reservoirs of the Seine basin France J Biogeochemical Baodong W Cultural eutrophication in the Changjiang Yangtze River plume History and perspective J / J J J J J Vitousek P M Aber J D Howarth R W et al Human alteration of the global nitrogen cycle Sources and consequences J Ecological applications J Froelich P N Kinetic control of dissolved phosphate in natural rivers and estuaries A primer on the phosphate buffer mechanism J Limnology and Oceanography part Redfield A C Ketchum B H Richards F A The influence of organisms on the composition of seawater M New York John Wiley J Sharp J H Long term nutrient trends and phytoplankton response in Delaware Estuary USA M Dallas Crown Press Justic D Rabalais N N Turern R E et al Changes in nutrient structure of river-dominated coastal waters Stoichiometric nutrient balance and its consequences J Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science D J J

/Martine J M Burton J D Eisma eds River inputs to ocean systems IOC SCOR United Nations C New York 1981 33-51 27 R 2004 28 Friedl G Wüest A Disrupting biogeochemical cycles-consequences of damming J

Microsoft Word 叶然_new_.doc

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