HK Field Study Handbook- Wildlife Pictoria Guide

Transcription

1 喬木 Trees Text : 饒戈 Vor Yiu Photo : 饒戈 Vor Yiu 喬 喬 木 木 濕地松 愛氏松 Slash Pine Pinus elliottii 馬尾松 Chinese Red Pine Pinus massoniana 樟 Camphor Tree Cinnamomum camphora 山黃麻 India-charcoal Trema Trema tomentosa 對葉榕 Opposite-leaved Fig Ficus hispida 榕樹 細葉榕 Chinese Banyan Ficus microcarpa 常綠大喬木 針葉2-3針一束 長2030厘米 樹皮深裂 毬果長6-18厘米 常綠大喬木 針葉2針一束 長12-20厘 米 樹皮深裂 毬果長4-7厘米 常綠喬木 單葉革質 平滑 離基三出 脈 樹皮縱向深裂 全株均有芳香氣味 小喬木 幼枝密生短絨毛 單葉互生 邊 緣有密齒 葉底被疏毛 小喬木 全株被毛 折斷流出白色液 單 葉對生 邊緣有小鋸齒 葉質非常粗糙 常綠大喬木 氣根眾多 單葉互生 橢圓 形或倒卵形 革質 平滑 葉脈不明顯 Large evergreen tree; leaves needle-like, cm long, in twos or threes; bark deeply cracked; cones 6-18 cm long. Large evergreen tree; leaves needle-like, cm long, in twos; bark deeply cracked; cones 4-7 cm long. Evergreen tree; leaves simple, leathery, smooth, 3 veins arising from the base; bark vertically cracked; all parts aromatic. Small tree; young shoots densely covered by soft hairs; leaves simple, alternate, margin densely toothed, lower surface covered with sparse hairs. Small tree; whole plant covered with hairs, all parts with white latex; leaves simple, opposite, margin finely toothed, texture very rough. Large evergreen tree, with numerous aerial roots; leaves simple, alternate, elliptical or obovate, leathery, smooth, veins inconspicuous. 木薑子 山蒼樹 Fragrant Litsea 潺槁樹 楠 青果榕 黧蒴錐 裂斗錐栗 Castanopsis 大頭茶 落葉小喬木 全株無毛 枝葉具强烈香 味 單葉互生 膜紙質披針形或橢圓形 常綠中型喬木 單葉互生 橢圓形 革 質 幼枝被絨毛及顯著的皮孔 常綠喬木 單葉橢圓形 全緣 樹皮大致 平滑 灰褐色 皮孔顯著 落葉中大型喬木 榕果黃綠色 簇生於莖 幹上 單葉互生 橢圓形 全緣 常綠中型喬木 單葉互生 橢圓形 全緣 或有疏圓鋸齒 革質 常綠中型喬木 樹皮平滑 灰色 剝落 單葉互生 全緣或有小鋸齒 革質 Small deciduous tree; whole tree hairless; leaves and shoots strongly aromatic; leaves simple, alternate, thin, lanceolate or elliptical. Moderate sized evergreen tree; leaves simple, alternate, elliptical, leathery; young branches covered by downy hairs and marked with lenticels. Evergreen tree; leaves simple, elliptical, smooth margin entire; bark more or less smooth, greyish, lenticels prominent. Medium to large deciduous tree; figs yellowish green, borne on trunk and branches; leaves simple, alternate, elliptical, margin entire. Medium evergreen tree; leaves simple, alternate, elliptical, margin entire or with rounded teeth, leathery. Medium evergreen tree; bark smooth, grey in colour, peeling; leaves simple, alternate, elliptical, margin entire or with small teeth, leathery. 楓香 牛耳楓 朴樹 木荷 荷樹 黃牛木 假蘋婆 落葉喬木 樹脂有芳香 單葉互生 三裂 邊緣鋸齒狀 冬季時葉變紅然後掉落 常綠小喬木 單葉互生 革質 橢圓形 全緣 葉柄長至6厘米 落葉大喬木 幼枝密生絨毛 單葉互生 邊緣有粗齒 基部不對稱 常綠大喬木 樹皮有規律地佈有短淺裂 痕 單葉互生 全緣或疏圓鋸齒 革質 小喬木 樹皮黃褐色 剝落 單葉對生 披針形 平滑無毛 嫩葉粉紅色 常綠小喬木 單葉互生 橢圓形 頗堅 硬 葉柄兩端膨大 果鮮紅色 Deciduous tree; resin aromatic; leaves simple, alternate, trilobed, margin toothed; foliage turns red in winter and then drops. Small evergreen tree; leaves simple, alternate, leathery, elliptical, margin entire; leaf stalks up to 6cm in length. Large deciduous tree; young shoots densely covered by soft hairs; leaves simple, alternate, margin broadly toothed, base unequal. Large evergreen tree; bark with regularly arranged short and shallow cracks; leaves simple, alternate, margin entire or with rounded teeth, leathery. Small tree; bark yellowish brown, peeling; leaves simple, opposite, lanceolate, smooth, hairless; young leaves pinkish. Small evergreen tree; leaves simple, alternate, elliptical, moderately stiff; leaf stalks swollen at both ends; fruits bright red. Litsea cubeba Sweet Gum Liquidambar formosana Pond Spice Litsea glutinosa Daphniphyllum calycinum Machilus Machilus sp. Chinese Hackberry Celtis sinensis Common Red-stem Fig Ficus variegata Castanopsis fissa Schima Schima superba Yellow Cow Wood Cratoxylum cochinchinense 生圖錄 Wildlife Pictorial Guide Hong Kong Gordonia Gordonia axillaris Lance-leaved Sterculia Sterculia lanceolata

2 喬木 Trees 喬 喬 木 木 臺灣相思 Taiwan Acacia Acacia confusa 銀合歡 White Popinac Leucaena leucocephala 土沉香 牙香樹 Incense Tree Aquilaria sinensis 餘甘子 油甘子 Myrobalan Phyllanthus emblica 山烏 Mountain Tallow Tree Sapium discolor 烏 Chinese Tallow Tree Sapium sebiferum 常綠大喬木 樹皮灰褐色 平滑 葉片退 化 葉柄鐮狀彎曲 成假葉 常綠小喬木 小枝滿佈白色皮孔 二回羽 狀複葉 羽片4-9對 小葉10-20對 常綠喬木 樹皮灰色 平滑 單葉革質 卵 形或倒卵形 互生 蒴果寬卵形 木質 落葉喬木 樹皮不規則脫落 嫩枝被短絨 毛 單葉線狀長橢圓形 紙質 半落葉喬木 樹皮灰色 平滑 單葉長卵 形 紙質 互生 落葉喬木 樹皮灰色 淺裂 單葉菱形至 菱狀卵形 紙質 互生 Large evergreen tree; bark smooth, greyish brown; leaf blade degenerate; petioles crescent-shaped and perform the function of leaves. Small evergreen tree; young stems densely covered with whitish lenticels; bipinnate compound leaves, 4-9 pairs of pinnae, pairs of leaflets. Evergreen tree; bark smooth, greyish; leaves simple, leathery, oval or obovate, alternate; fruits broadly oval, woody. Small deciduous tree; bark flakes off in irregular plates; young shoot covered with short soft hairs; leaves simple, oblong in shape, papery. Partly deciduous tree; bark greyish, smooth; leaves simple, ovate, papery, alternate. Deciduous tree; bark greyish, shallowly cracked; leaves simple, rhomboid to rhomboid oval, papery, alternate. 大葉桉 檸檬桉 紅膠木 山油柑 降真香 楝 苦楝 森樹 楝葉吳茱萸 Melia-leaved Evodia Swamp Mahogany Eucalyptus robusta Lemon-scented Gum Eucalyptus citriodora Brisbane Box Lophostemon confertus Acronychia Acronychia pedunculata China-berry Melia azedarach Tetradium glabrifolium 常綠大喬木 樹皮深裂 單葉披針形 革 質 互生 葉握碎有香味 常綠大喬木 樹皮灰白色 剝落 單葉披 針形 互生 葉握碎有濃烈檸檬香味 常綠大喬木 樹皮部份剝落 單葉橢圓形 形 全緣 互生 端部葉輪生 常綠小喬木 單葉橢圓形 蠟質 對生 全緣 表面平滑 握碎有香味 落葉喬木 樹皮淺裂 二回羽狀複葉 羽 片3-4對 小葉3-4對 落葉喬木 樹皮深灰色 羽狀複葉 小葉 最多13片 葉握碎有香味 Large evergreen tree; bark deeply cracked; leaves simple, lanceolate, leathery, alternate, aromatic when crushed. Large evergreen tree; bark greyish white, peeling; leaves simple, lanceolate, alternate, releases strong lemon-like odour when crushed. Large evergreen tree; bark partly peeling; leaves simple, elliptical, margin entire, alternate, group in whorls at the end of branches. Small evergreen tree; leaves simple, elliptical, waxy, opposite, margin entire, surface smooth, aromatic when crushed. Deciduous tree; bark shallowly cracked; bipinnate compound leaves, 3-4 pairs of pinnae, 3-4 pairs of leaflets. Deciduous tree; bark dark grey; pinnate compound leaves, up to 13 leaflets, aromatic when crushed. 白千層 土蜜樹 逼迫仔 Pop-gun Seed 血桐 鵝掌柴 鴨腳木 珊瑚樹 刺葵 常綠大喬木 樹皮柔軟 紙質 易剝落 單葉窄橢圓形 互生 葉握碎有香味 小喬木 樹皮灰褐色 部份剝落 單葉長 圓形 互生 葉面平滑 葉底被絨毛 常綠喬木 樹冠傘形 莖枝折斷後流出紅 色汁液 單葉菱狀卵形 互生 半落葉喬木 樹皮灰褐 平滑 掌狀複 葉 小葉6-11片 常綠中喬木 樹皮平滑 單葉橢圓形 革 質 對生 大致全緣 表面平滑 幹單立 羽狀複葉 小葉77-97對 下方 數對小葉成刺狀 Large evergreen tree; bark spongy, papery, peeling; leaves simple, narrowly elliptical, alternate, aromatic when crushed. Small tree; bark greyish brown, partly peeling; leaves simple, oblong-lanceolate, alternate, upper surface smooth, lower surface hairy. Evergreen tree; crown umbrella-shaped; red sap flows out from stems when broken; leaves simple rhomboid oval, alternate. Partly deciduous tree; bark greyish brown, smooth; palmate compound leaves, 6-11 leaflets. Medium evergreen tree; bark smooth; leaves simple, oval, leathery, opposite, margin usually entire, surface smooth. Trunk simple and straight; pinnate compound leaves, pairs of leaflets, lowest pairs spine-like. Paper-bark Tree Melaleuca quinquenervia Bridelia tomentosa Elephant s Ear Macaranga tanarius Ivy Tree Schefflera heptaphylla Sweet Viburnum Viburnum odoratissimum 生圖錄 Wildlife Pictorial Guide Spiny Date Palm Phoenix hanceana

3 灌木 Shrubs Text : 林貝儀 Sybel Lam Photo : 饒戈 Vor Yiu 灌 灌 木 木 假鷹爪 紫玉盤 Desmos Desmos chinensis 豺皮樟 Uvaria Uvaria macrophylla Oblong-leaved Litsea Litsea rotundifolia 朱砂根 大羅傘 Hilo Holly Ardisia crenata 酸藤子 Twig-hanging Embelia Embelia laeta 鯽魚膽 Maesa perlarius 直立灌木或蔓延 單葉互生 橢圓形 葉 薄革質 黃白色花 持久香氣 藤狀灌木 枝蔓性 單葉互生 邊全緣 表面有毛 葉握碎有香味 無限分枝灌木 單葉互生 卵形 邊全 緣 葉質堅硬光滑 葉握碎有微香 常綠小灌木 單葉互生 長橢圓形 革 質 邊緣波狀 果熟時鮮紅色 攀緣灌木 單葉互生 呈倒卵形 邊全 緣 光滑無毛 葉脈不明顯 小灌木 單葉互生 橢圓形 邊緣粗鋸 齒 薄紙質 兩面被絨毛 嫩枝被毛 Erect shrub or creeping; leaves simple, alternate, elliptical, leathery texture and thin; yellowish white flowers with longlasting fragrant. Climbing shrub; stem creeping; leaves simple, alternate, margin entire, surfaces covered with hairs, aromatic when crushed. Freely-branching shrub; leaves simple, alternate, oval, margin entire, texture stiff, surfaces smooth, mildly aromatic when crushed. Evergreen small shrub; leaves simple, alternate, elliptical, leathery, margin wavy; fruits bright red when ripen. Climbing shrub; leaves simple, alternate, obovate, margin entire, surfaces smooth and hairless, veins not obvious. Small shrub; leaves simple, alternate, elliptical, margin coarsely toothed, texture thin and papery, with hairs on both surfaces; young shoots hairy. 草珊瑚 雞爪蘭 粗葉榕 牛奶仔 苧麻 石斑木 春花 排錢草 雞柏紫藤 羅氏胡頹子 Sarcandra Sarcandra glabra 亞灌木 單葉 對生 橢圓形 邊緣有粗 鋸齒 果球形 成熟時鮮紅色 Hairy Fig Ficus hirta 灌木或小喬木 單葉對生 邊緣鋸齒 表 面被毛 葉柄折斷時有白色乳汁流出 Ramie Boehmeria nivea Hong Kong Hawthorn Rhaphiolepis indica 常綠灌木 單葉互生 卵形 邊緣具小鋸 齒 厚革質 有光澤 幼葉為紅褐色 灌木 三出複葉 互生 邊全緣 長圓 形 葉柄及小枝均被毛 常綠直立灌木 單葉互生 邊全緣 葉底 銀白色 Shrub; leaves compound, alternate, trifoliate, margin entire, elliptical; leaf stalks and young shoots covered by hairs. Evergreen erect shrub; leaves simple, alternate, margin entire, lower surface silvery white. 野牡丹 Common Melastoma 毛菍 Blood-red Melastoma 原生灌木 單葉對生 深刻葉脈 全株有淡 紅色幼毛 質地堅韌 葉底葉脈呈紅色 Semi-shrub; leaves simple, opposite, elliptical, margin coarsely toothed; fruits spherical, bright red when ripen. Shrub or small tree; leaves simple, opposite, margin toothed, surfaces hairy; milky latex exudes when leaf stalk cut. Semi-shrub; leaves simple, alternate, margin toothed, lower surface densely covered with soft white hairs. 細齒葉柃 山芝麻 肖梵天花 黐頭婆 Rose Mallow 了哥王 Shining Eurya Narrow-leaved Screwtree Helicteres angustifolia Elaeagnus loureirii 半灌木 單葉互生 邊緣鋸齒 葉底被白 色絨毛 Evergreen shrub; leaves simple, alternate, oval, margin finely toothed, leathery texture, thick and glossy; young leaves reddish in colour. Eurya nitida Beautiful Phyllodium Phyllodium pulchellum Urena lobata Indian Wikstroemia Wikstroemia indica Melastoma candidum 常綠灌木或小喬木 單葉互生 卵形 葉 緣有小鋸齒 葉質像皮革 厚身 多年生灌木 單葉互生 葉長橢圓形 邊 全緣 小枝被灰色短毛 蒴果狀似芝麻 直立半灌木 單葉互生 邊緣有小鋸齒 全株被絨毛 常綠小灌木 單葉對生 邊全緣 矩圓形 或倒卵形 小枝紅褐色 灌木 單葉對生 邊全緣 卵形 葉片具 5-7 條明顯主脈 枝條及葉兩面均被毛 Evergreen shrub or small trees; leaves simple, alternate, oval, margin finely toothed, leathery texture and thick. Perennial shrub; leaves simple, alternate, elliptical, margin entire; young shoots covered by greyish hairs; fruit capsules sesame-liked shape. Erect semi-shrub; leaves simple, alternate, margin finely toothed, whole plant covered with soft hairs. Evergreen shrub; leaves simple, opposite, margin entire, elliptical or obovate; young shoots reddish brown. Shrub; leaves simple, opposite, margin entire, oval, 5-7 conspicious veins; both stem and leaves covered by hairs. 生圖錄 Wildlife Pictorial Guide Melastoma sanguineum Nature shrub; Leaves simple, opposite, deep leaf veins. All parts covered by reddish hair and tough in texture. Underside vein reddish colour.

4 灌木 Shrubs 灌 灌 木 木 桃金娘 崗稔 Rose Myrtle Rhodomyrtus tomentosa 梅葉冬青 Rough-leaved Holly Ilex asprella 黑面神 鬼畫符 Waxy Leaf Breynia fruticosa 鹽膚木 白背漆 Sumac 木蠟樹 野漆樹 Wax Tree 酒餅 Box-leaved Atalantia 落葉灌木或小喬木 奇數羽狀複葉簇生 邊全 緣 全株光滑無毛 葉片脫落前會變紅色 乳汁 令人敏感 常綠灌木 單葉細長卵形 厚身 革質 葉尖凹 葉握碎有芳香柑橘味 Rhus hypoleuca Rhus succedanea Severinia buxifolia 灌木或小喬木 單葉對生 卵形 邊全 緣 離基三出葉脈 落葉灌木 單葉互生 卵形 邊緣小鋸 齒 葉子柔軟 紙質 光滑無毛 常綠灌木 單葉互生 卵形 邊全緣 葉 子光滑 厚身革質 灌木或小喬木 奇數羽狀複葉 互生 子葉 邊緣帶鋸齒 被針形 葉底密生白色絨毛 Shrub or small tree; leaves simple, opposite, margin entire, oval; leaves with three-branched veins above the base. Deciduous shrub; leaves simple, alternate, oval, margin finely toothed; texture soft and papery, surface smooth and hairless. Evergreen shrub; leaves simple, alternate, oval, margin entire; leaves smooth and thick, leathery texture. Shrub or small tree; compound leaves, alternate; leaflets margin toothed, lanceolate; lower surface densely covered by short white hairs. 毛果算盤子 Hairy-fruited Abacus Plant 白背算盤子 香港算盤子 Hong Kong Abacus Plant 水茄 Terongan 大青 小灌木 單葉互生 卵形 邊全緣 葉子紙 質 兩面均被絨毛 葉脈明顯 灌木或小喬木 單葉互生 橢圓形 邊全 緣 葉底乾後灰白色 全株光滑無毛 灌木或小喬木 單葉互生 卵形 邊全 緣 葉面有光澤及平滑 葉底帶灰色 灌木 小枝有刺 單葉卵形至橢圓形 邊 緣淺裂或波狀 葉底被褐色毛 灌木或小喬木 單葉對生 披針形 邊全 緣 葉柄被絨毛 灌木 單葉對生 有莖刺 葉面被毛 邊 緣具粗鋸齒 有濃郁氣味 Small shrub; leaves simple, althernate, oval, margin entire; leaves papery, both surfaces covered with soft hairs and conspicious veins. Shrub or small tree; leaves simple, alternate, elliptical, margin entire; leaf lower surface whitish when dry; whole plant smooth and hairless. Shrub or small tree; leaves simple, alternate, elliptical, margin entire; leaf upper surface shining and smooth, lower surface greyish in colour. Shrub; branches spiny; leaves simple, oval or elliptical, margins crenated or wavy, lower surface densely covered with brown hairs. Shrub or small tree; leaves simple, opposite, lanceolate, margin entires; leaf stalks covered with short soft hairs. Shrub; leaves simple, opposite, stem with prickles; leaf surface hairy with toothed margin; strong smell. 白背葉 White-back Leaf Mallotus 白楸 蓖麻 Castor-oil Plant 黃荊 梔子 水橫枝 Cape Jasmine 山大刀 九節 灌木或小喬木 單葉互生 心形 3淺 裂 邊緣有稀疏鋸齒 葉底被白色絨毛 灌木或喬木 單葉互生 闊卵形 3裂 葉 底被黃白色絨毛 葉片基部有明顯腺點 多年生常綠灌木 單葉互生 深裂成7至 9裂 全株光滑無毛 幼嫩部份有白粉 落葉灌木 葉對生 掌狀複葉 小葉3-5片 橢圓形 邊全緣 葉底被淺灰色絨毛 常綠灌木 葉對生或輪生 葉片深綠色 厚身革質 有光澤 有深刻葉脈 直立灌木 單葉對生 邊全緣 蠟質 小 漿果成熟時紅色 Perennial evergreen shrub; leaves simple, alternate, deeply cut into 7 to 9 lobes; whole plant smooth and hairless, the young parts with a whitish bloom. Deciduous shrub; leaves opposite, palmately compound, with 3-5 leaflets, elliptical, margin entire; leaf lower surfaces covered by greyish soft hairs. Evergreen shrub; leaves opposite or whorled; dark green colour, leathery texture, thick and glossy, with deep auxiliary veins. Erect shrub; leaves simple, opposite, margin entire, waxy; small juicy fruits red in colour when ripen. Glochidion eriocarpum Mallotus apelta Shrub or small tree; leaves simple, alternate, heart-shaped shallowly trilobed; margin sparsely toothed; leaf lower surface covered by short white hairs. Wright s Abacus Plant Glochidion wrightii Turn-in-the-wind Mallotus paniculatus Shrub or tree; leaves simple, alternate, oval and trilobed; leaf lower surface covered by whitish yellow hairs; leaf bases with conspicuous gland spots. Glochidion zeylanicum Ricinus communis Solanum torvum Yellow Bramble Vitex negundo Deciduous shrub or small tree; clusters of alternative odd-pinnates, margin entire; whole plant smooth and hairless; leaves turn to red colour before falling; latex will induce skin allergic to some peoples. Gardenia jasminoides Mayflower Glorybower Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum 生圖錄 Wildlife Pictorial Guide Evergreen shrub; leaves oblong oval, thick, leathery texture and concave at tip; aromatic citrus fragrant when crushed. 馬櫻丹 如意草 Lantana Lantana camara Wild Coffee Psychotria asiatica

5 草本及攀援 Herbs and Climbling Plants Text : 林貝儀 Sybel Lam 草 本 及 攀 援 Photo : 饒戈 Vor Yiu 鋪地蜈蜙 / 燈籠草 Nodding Clubmoss Palhinhaea cernua 芒萁 Dichotomy Forked Fern Dicranopteris pedata 小葉海金沙 Scansorial Climbing Fern 鏽毛莓 蛇泡簕 Rusty-haired Raspberry 含羞草 Sensitive Plant 三裂葉野葛 Mimosa pudica Pueraria phaseoloides Lygodium scandens Rubus reflexus Wild Kudzu Vine 直立蕨類 葉細小密生 螺旋狀排列 條狀針形 平滑 根莖橫走 表面被密毛 質硬 羽片羽狀 深裂 光滑 質硬 攀援狀蕨類 二回羽狀複葉 小羽片互 生 三角形 長短不一 攀援灌木 單葉互生 掌狀 紙質 葉柄 和莖均有毛和刺 多年生木質草本 複葉互生 莖部和葉柄 長有刺 接觸後葉子會收起 攀援狀草本 三出複葉 小葉 卵形或菱 形 葉和莖均被有褐色剛毛 Erect fern; leaves uniform throughout, very small, spirally arranged along the stem, pointed, thin and smooth. Rhizome creeping, densely covered with hairs, hard; pinnae deeply crenated, smooth, leathery texture. Climbing fern; fronds bipinnate, pinnules alternate, triangular, length varies. Climbing shrub; leaves simple, alternate, palmated, papery; leaf stalks and stems covered by hairs and spines. Perennial woody herb; leaves compound, alternate, thorns along the stems and leaf stalks; the leaflets close when touched. Climbing herb; leaves trifoliate, leaflets oval or diamond shaped; leaves and stems surfaces covered by brown bristles. 扇葉鐵線蕨 Fan-leaved Maidenhair 烏蕨 烏韭 半邊旗 地菍 Twelve-stamened Melastoma 飛揚草 Garden Spurge Euphorbia hirta 酢漿草 Melastoma dodecandrum 直立蕨類 葉軸密生紅褐色 小羽片近平 行四邊形 葉軸密被褐色鱗片 四回羽狀複葉 革 質 葉軸簇生 二回羽狀裂葉 羽片半邊深 裂 另一邊全緣 草本或半灌木 單葉對生 邊全緣 卵 形 鋪地而生 一年生草本 單葉對生 卵形 邊緣有鋸 齒 葉面常帶紫色斑塊 葉柄十分短 多年生草本 三出複葉 小葉倒心形 全 株被短毛 漏斗狀黃色小花 Erect fern; stipes densely covered with reddish brown hairs, pinnules more or less rhomboid. Stipes densely covered with brown scales, fronds tetrapinnate, leathery. Stipes arising as cluster; bipinnatifid, pinnae margin with one side deeply pinnatifid, another side entire. Herb or semi-shrub; leaves simple, opposite, margin entire, oval shaped; creeping on ground. Annual herb; leaves simple, opposite, oval, margins toothed, upper surface often with purplish blotches; leaf stalks very short. Perennial herb; trifoliate, leaflets invertd heart-shaped; whole plant covered by short hairs; tiny yellow funnel-shaped simple flowers. 華南毛蕨 金星草 Wood-fern 無根藤 Cassytha filiformis 金櫻子 紅花酢漿草 Lavender Sorrel 積雪草 崩大碗 Macrothelypteris torresiana 羊角拗 根莖匍伏 葉軸被絨毛 二回羽狀裂葉 紙質 兩面均被絨毛 Rhizome creeping, stipes covered with soft hairs, fronds bipinnatifid, papery, both surfaces covered with soft hairs. Adiantum flabellulatum Fairy Fern Sphenomeris chinensis Cassytha Semi-pinnated Brake Pteris semipinnata Cherokee Rose Moneywort Rosa laevigata Oxalis corymbosa 纏繞草本 無葉無根 莖線狀 一般呈金 黃綠色 常綠攀援灌木 枝條散生扁刺 三出複 葉 子葉邊緣有鋸齒 花瓣白色 多年生草本 三出複葉 小葉倒心形 全 株被短毛 漏斗狀紅色小花 平臥性草本 單葉互生 圓腎形 邊緣呈 鈍鋸齒 Twining herb; no leaf and no root; thread-like stem; usually in golden green colour. Evergreen climbing shrub; branches with flat thorns; trifoliate, leaflets margin toothed; petals white in colour. Perennial herb; trifoliate, leaflets invertd heart-shaped; whole plant covered by short hairs; tiny purple funnel-shaped simple flowers. Prostrate herb; leaves simple, alternate, round kidneyshaped, margin usually with broad blunt teeth. Centella asiatica 生圖錄 Wildlife Pictorial Guide Sorrel Oxalis corniculata Goat Horns Strophanthus divaricatus 木本攀援或直立灌木 單葉對生 邊全緣 革質 光亮 枝蔓性 枝切開有劇毒乳汁流出 果像一 雙羊角 Woody climber or erect shrub; leaves simple, opposite, margin entire, shiny leathery texture; stem creeping, poisonous milky latex exudes when branch is cut. Fruits like a pair of goat s horn. 草 本 及 攀 援

6 草本及攀援 Herbs and Climbling Plants 草 本 及 攀 援 龍葵 五爪金龍 Cairo Morning Glory 菟絲子 Dodder 假臭草 羊耳菊 白牛膽 Elecampane 薇甘菊 直立叢生草本 單葉互生或幾乎對生 卵 形 邊緣變異大 果為光亮黑色漿果 多年生纏繞草本 莖常有小瘤體 葉通常 掌狀5全裂 花為紫色漏斗形 直立草本 單葉對生 三角形 全株被長 絨毛 藍紫色花序長於枝頂端 半灌木 單葉互生 邊全緣 狹長圓形 質硬 葉底密生白色絨毛 纏繞草本 單葉對生 箭形或心形 呈淺 綠色 邊緣具鋸齒 Erect and bushy herb; leaves simple, alternate or almost opposite, oval, margins variable; fruits shiny black berry. Perennial twining herb; stems covered with nodules; leaves usually penta-lobed; purple funnel-shaped flowers. 一年生纏繞性寄生草本 莖纖細絲狀 光澤黃色 多分枝 寄生根伸入寄主體內吸收養份及水份 Annual twining parasitic herb; thread-likes vine, shiny golden, many-branched; haustoria penetrate the host tissue to absorb nutrients and water. Erect herb; leaves simple, opposite, triangular; whole plant covered by long soft hairs; bluish purple inflorescene terminal. Semi-shrub; leaves simple, alternate, margin entire, narrowly elliptical, texture stiff; lower surface densely covered by soft white hairs. Twining herb; leaves simple, opposite, heart or arrow-head shaped, light green color, margin toothed. 藍花藤 鍚葉藤 玉葉金花 Splash-of-white 蔓九節 穿根藤 Creeping Psychotria Mussaenda pubescens Psychotria serpens 三裂葉蟛蜞菊 黃鵪菜 鴨嘴草 攀援灌木 單葉 邊緣有鋸齒 質硬 表 面非常粗糙 攀援灌木 單葉互生 卵形 邊全緣 葉 底密被絨毛 花萼片白色 多年生攀爬藤蔓 單葉對生 質厚 表面 平滑 葉片細小 葉柄短 白色簇果 草本 單葉對生 橢圓披針形 邊緣具鋸 齒 葉成三裂 葉和莖均被絨毛 二年生草本 葉均由莖基部生出 狹卵 形 先端最闊 邊緣有鋸齒 Climbing shrub; leaves simple, margin toothed, stiff, leaf surfaces extremely rough. Climber shrub; leaves simple, alternate, oval, margin entire, lower surface covered with dense short soft hairs; sepals white in colour. Perennial creeping herb; leaves simple, opposite, thick, smooth; tiny leaves and short leaf stalks; clusters of fruits in white colour. Herb; leaves simple, opposite, lanceolate elliptical, tri-lobed; leaves and stems surfaces covered by short soft hairs. Biennial herb; leaves all springing from the stem base, narrowly oval and widest at the tip, margin toothed. 藿香薊 勝紅薊 Billygoat-weed 白花鬼針草 鬼針草 Hairy Bur-marigold 淡竹葉 Bidens pilosa Lophatherum gracile 剛莠竹 直立一年生草本 單葉對生 三角卵形 邊緣具粗鋸齒 葉和莖均被有長絨毛 一年生草本 葉片羽狀3-5裂 葉緣具鋸 齒 花瓣白色 一年生草本 葉片3全裂 邊緣具鋸齒 被短毛 淺黃色頭狀花序 多年生草本 稈直立 無毛 具5-6節 葉互生 披針形 多年生草本 稈基部常蔓生而有分支 葉 線狀披針形 兩面被毛 邊緣粗糙 攀援灌木 單葉互生 邊全緣 質硬 光 滑 有三條明顯的葉脈從基部伸出 Annual herb; leaves tri-lobed, margin toothed, hairy; inflorescene capitate, yellow in colour. Perennial herb; clums erect, hairless, with 5-6 nodes; leaves alternate, lanceolate. Perennial herb; lower part of clums creeping and branched; leaves narrow lanceolate, surfaces covered with hairs, margin rough. Climbing shrub; leaves simple, alternate, margin entire, stiff, upper surface shiny; 3 conspicuous leaf veins arise from leaf base. Black Nightshade Solanum nigrum Ipomoea cairica Queen s Wreath Petrea volubilis Ageratum conyzoides Erect perennial herb; leaves simple, opposite, triangular oval shaped, margin coarsely toothed; leaves and stems surfaces covered by long soft hairs. Bidens alba Annual herb; leaves tri-lobed to penta-lobed, margin toothed, petal white in colour. Cuscuta sp. Eupatorium catarium Wedelia trilobata Common Lophatherum Inula cappa Ciliate Microstegium Microstegium ciliatum Hawk s Beard Youngia japonica 生圖錄 Wildlife Pictorial Guide Mile-a-minute Weed Mikania micrantha Duck-beak Grass Ischaemum aristatum 草本 葉片條形 兩面密生絨毛 Herb; leaves long and narrow, both sides covered with dense short soft hairs. 菝葜 金剛藤 Greenbrier Smilax china 草 本 及 攀 援

7 陸生 Terrestrial Animals Text : 饒戈 Vor Yiu Photo : 饒戈 Vor Yiu 水牛 Domestic Water Buffalo Bubalus bubalis 陸 生 麻雀 樹麻雀 Tree Sparrow Passer montanus 黃牛 Domestic Ox Bos taurus 獼猴 恆河猴 Rhesus Macaque Macaca mulatta 斑絡新婦 Large Woodland Spider Nephila pilipes 非洲大蝸牛 Giant African Snail Achatina fulica 同型巴蝸牛 Asian trampsnail Bradybaena similaris 鵲鴝 Oriental Magpie Robin 紅耳鵯 Red-whiskered Bulbul 蛞蝓 Slug 金邊土鱉 Oriental Cockroach 方帶幽蟌 Black-banded Gossamerwing 變色樹蜥 Changeable Lizard 南滑蜥 Reeve s Smooth skink 黑眶蟾蜍 Asian Common Toad 狹腹灰蜻 Green Skimmer 呂宋灰蜻 Marsh Skimmer 慶褐蜻 Indigo Dropwing 沼蛙 Gunther s Frog 多棘蜈蚣 Giant Centipede 馬陸 Round Millipede 廣斧螳 Large Green Mantid 黑翅土白蟻 Termite Hierodula patellifera Odontotermes formosanus 黑角露螽 Bush Katydid 山蛩蟲 Flat Millipede 古巴蟲 Woodlouse 盲蛛 Harvestman 疣蝗 Band-winged Grasshopper 眼優角蚱 Pygmy Grasshopper Calotes versicolor Rana guentheri Polydesmus sp. Copsychus saularis Scincella reevesii Scolopendra multidens Cubaris murina Pycnonotus jocosus Bufo melanostictus Julus sp. Gagrella sp. Orthetrum sabina Trilophidia annulata Opisthoplatia orientalis Orthetrum luzonicum Eucriotettix oculatus 生圖錄 Wildlife Pictorial Guide Euphaea decorata Trithemis festiva Phaneroptera nigroantennata 長肛竹節蟲 Stick Insect Entoria sp. 陸 生

8 陸生 Terrestrial Animals 斑蟬 Spotted Black Cicada Gaeana maculata 陸 生 龍眼雞 Lantern-fly Fulgora candelaria 鏽凹大葉蟬 Black-tipped Leafhopper Eucriotettix oculatus 居竹偽角蚜 Bamboo Wolly Aphid Pseudoregma bambusicola 廣翅蠟蟬 Ricanid Planthopper Ricania sp. 豹尺蛾 False Tiger Moth Dysphania militaris 黃紋孔弄蝶 Contiguous Swift Polytremis lubricans 籂豆龜蝽 Shield Bug 青鳳蝶 Common Bluebottle 東方菜粉蝶 Indian Cabbage White Megacopta cribraria Graphium sarpedon Pieris canidia 玉帶鳳蝶 Common Mormon Papilio polytes 酢漿灰蝶 Pale Grass Blue Zizeeria maha 荔蝽 Lychee Stink Bug 離斑棉紅蝽 Cotton Red Bug 金斑虎甲 Blue Spotted Tiger Beetle Dysdercus cingulatus Cicindela aurulenta 蛇目褐蜆蝶 Plum Judy 黃襟蛺蝶 Rustic 矍眼蝶 Common Five-ring 六斑月瓢蟲 Ladybird Beetle 星天牛 Long-horned Beetle 藍跳甲 Flea Beetle 擬旖斑蝶 Ceylon Blue Tiger 雙齒多刺蟻 Spiny Ant 黃猄蟻 Weaver Ant 甘薯台龜甲 Tortoise Beetle 黑帶食蚜蠅 Black-banded Hover Fly 蝶形錦斑蛾 Black-veined Burnet Moth 印度異腹胡蜂 Paper Wasp 東方蜜蜂 Chinese Honey Bee Tessaratoma papillosa Menochilus sexmaculatus Taiwania circumdata Anoplophora chinensis Episyrphus balteata Altica cyanea Cyclosia papilionaris Abisara echerius Ideopsis similis Parapolybia indica Cupha erymanthis Polyrhachis dives Apis cerana 生圖錄 Wildlife Pictorial Guide Ypthima baldus Oecophylla smaragdina 木蜂 Carpenter Bee Xylocopa sp. 陸 生

9 溪流 Stream Plants Text : 饒戈 Vor Yiu Photo : 饒戈 Vor Yiu 地錢 Liverwort 蘚 Moss 筆管草 Frail Horsetail 華鳳仙 Touch-me-not 天胡荽 Asiatic Pennywort 假馬齒莧 Water Hyssop 蘋 Water Shamrock 槐葉蘋 Water Spangles 滿江紅 Mosquito Fern 半邊蓮 Chinese Lobelia 石菖蒲 金錢蒲 Sweet Flag 尖尾芋 Chinese Taro Marchantia emarginata Marsilea quadrifolia 溪 流 West-India Chickweed 荷蓮豆 Drymaria diandra Equisetum debile Salvinia natans Azolla imbricata Impatiens chinensis Lobelia chinensis Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Acorus sp. Bacopa monnieri Alocasia cucullata 毛蓼 Hairy Knotweed 火炭母 五毒草 Chinese Knotweed 海芋 Giant Alocasia 芋 Taro 大薸 Water Lettuce 水蓼 Water Smartweed 水東哥 米花樹 西洋菜 Water Cress 青萍 Lesser Duckweed 節節草 Diffuse Dayflower 聚花草 Climber Floscopa 華南雲實 Wood Gossip Caesalpinia 節節菜 Indian Rotala 水翁 水榕 Lidded Cleistocalyx 剛莠竹 Ciliate Microstegium 薑花 Ginger Lily 鳳眼藍 水浮蓮 Water Hyacinth Polygonum hydropiper Caesalpinia crista Polygonum barbatum Saurauia tristyla Rotala indica Polygonum chinense Nasturtium officinale Cleistocalyx operculatus Alocasia odora Lemna minor Microstegium ciliatum Colocasia esculenta Commelina diffusa Hedychium coronarium 生圖錄 Wildlife Pictorial Guide Pistia stratiotes Floscopa scandens Eichhornia crassipes 溪 流

10 溪流 Stream Animals Text : 饒戈 Vor Yiu Photo : 饒戈 Vor Yiu 香港湍蛙 Hong Kong Cascade Frog Amolops hongkongensis Paramesotriton hongkongensis 中國稜蜥 Chinese Waterside Skink 五線無鬚䰾 Chinese Bard Tropidophorus sinicus 香港瘰螈 (成體) Hong Kong Newt (Adult) Puntius semifasciolatus 香港瘰螈 (幼體) Hong Kong Newt (Larva) Paramesotriton hongkongensis 鰕虎魚 Goby Rhinogobius sp. 溪 流 Sucker-belly Loach 擬平鰍 Broken-band Hillstream Loach 平頭嶺鰍 Flat-headed Laoch 麥氏擬腹吸鰍 Pseudogastromyzon myersi Liniparhomaloptera disparis Oreonectes platycephalus 異鱲 (成魚) Predaceous Chub (Adult) 孔雀花魚將 異鱲 (幼魚) Predaceous Chub (Juvenile) 食蚊魚 Parazacco spilurus Parazacco spilurus (雄) Guppy (Male) Poecilia reticulata (雄) Mosquito Fish (Male) Gambusia affinis 孔雀花魚將 (雌) Guppy (Female) 寬鰭鱲 (成魚) Freshwater Minnow (Adult) 寬鰭鱲 (幼魚) Freshwater Minnow (Juvenile) 雜色劍尾魚 叉尾鬥魚 海南蜷螺 瘤擬黑螺 Zacco platypus Paradise Fish Macropodus opercularis 河蜆 (蜊仔) Freshwater Clam Zacco platypus Large Stream Snail Brotia hainanensis 石田螺 Viviparous Snail Variable Platyfish Xiphophorus variatus Reservoir Snail Melanoides tuberculata 福壽螺 Apple Snail Corbicula fluminea Sinotaia quadrata 凸旋螺 塘螺 Pond Snail 大塘蛭/螞蟥 舌蛭 Small Stream Leech 舌蛭 Ramshorn Snail Pomacea lineata Large Pond Leech Poecilia reticulata 食蚊魚 (雌) Mosquito Fish (Female) 血蛭/水牛蛭 Buffalo Leech Small Stream Leech Gambusia affinis 生圖錄 Wildlife Pictorial Guide 溪 流

11 溪流 Stream Animals 淡水渦蟲 Freshwater Planarian Macrobrachium hainanense 日本絨螯蟹 Canton Bee Shrimp Caridina cantonensis 海南沼蝦 Small Long-armed Shrimp 溪 流 廣東米蝦 Japanese Mitten Crab Eriocheir japonicus 蜻蜓若蟲 Dragonfly Nymph 石蠅若蟲 Stonefly Nymph 鰓刺溪蟹 Common Freshwater Crab Cryptopotamon anacoluthon 鋸齒米蝦 Toothed Bee Shrimp 蜉蝣若蟲 Mayfly Nymph Caridina serrata 香港南海溪蟹 偽齒澗黽蝽 HK Freshwater crab 仰蝽 Backswimmer Nanhaipotamon hongkongensis 負子蝽 Small Water Bug Diplonychus sp. 蜻蜓若蟲 Dragonfly Nymph 蜻蜓若蟲 Dragonfly Nymph 水錢 豆娘若蟲 Damselfly Nymph 豆娘若蟲 Damselfly Nymph 孑孓/蚊幼蟲 Mosquito Larva 斑魚蛉幼蟲 石蛾幼蟲 石蛾幼蟲 蜉蝣若蟲 Mayfly Nymph Water Skater Metrocoris lituratus 蜉蝣若蟲 Mayfly Nymph Water Penny 擎爪泥甲 (幼蟲) (Larva) Eulichas sp. Caddisfly Larva Water Skater 龍虱 Water Bettle Cybister sp. 搖蚊幼蟲 紅蟲 Bloodworm Chironomous sp. (Larva) Fishfly Larva 石蛾幼蟲 Caddisfly Larva Caddisfly Larva 石蛾幼蟲 Caddisfly Larva Neochauliodes sp. 黽蝽 生圖錄 Wildlife Pictorial Guide 溪 流

12 溪流微生 Stream Micro-organisms Text : 饒戈 Vor Yiu Photo : 饒戈 Vor Yiu 細 菌 Bacteria 顫藻 水綿 針杆藻 桅杆藻 多卓變形蟲 雙星藻 水網藻 盤星藻 草履蟲 棘尾蟲 喇叭蟲 Zygnema sp. Oscillatoria sp. Hydrodictyon sp. 溪 流 微 生 柵藻 Scenedesmus sp. Spirogyra sp. Pediastrum sp. Synedra sp. Paramecium sp. Fragilaria sp. Stylonychia sp. Polychaos sp. Stentor sp. 實球藻 裸藻 鐘蟲 錘吸管蟲 太陽球吸管蟲 梭形鼓藻 鼓藻 新月藻 袋鞭蟲 旋輪蟲 臂尾輪蟲 衣藻 舟形藻 橋彎藻 鼬蟲 線蟲 杆吻蟲 Netrium sp. Chlamydomonous sp. Euglena sp. Pandorina sp. Cosmarium sp. Navicula sp. Closterium sp. Cymbella sp. Vorticella sp. Peranema sp. Chaetonotus sp. Tokophrya sp. Philodina sp. Roundworm 生圖錄 Wildlife Pictorial Guide Sphaerophrya soliformis Brachionus sp. Stylaria sp. 溪 流 微 生

13 海岸 Seashore Plants Text : 黃志俊 Dickson Wong 海馬齒 Photo : 黃志俊 Dickson Wong Sea-purslane Sesuvium portulacastrum 南方鹼蓬 South Sea-blite 補血草 Sea-Lavender Suaeda australis Limonium sinense 多年生草本 匍匐生長 單葉對生 肉 質 長橢圓形 花外綠內粉紅 小灌木 單葉條形 上面平 下面凸 團 傘花序含1-5朵花 腋生 多年生草本 葉基生 呈蓮花狀 葉矩圓 狀披針形 花多而密 淺黃色 Perennial herb, creeping growth form; leaves simple, opposite, fleshy, oblanceolate; flowers green outside, pink inside. Small shrub; leaves simple, linear, adaxially plane, abaxially convex; 1-5 flowers inflorescence glomerulus, axillary. Perennial herb; basal leaves with lily formed; leaf blades obovate-oblong; dense and inflorescence flowers, pale yellow in colour. 黃槿 恒春黃槿 刺果蘇木 Cuban Bast Hibiscus tiliaceus Portia Tree Thespesia populnea Gray Nickers Caesalpinia bonduc 厚藤 苦郎樹 單葉蔓荊 多年生匍匐草本 單葉互生 寬橢圓形 如馬鞍 花粉紅或紫紅 喇叭狀 直立灌木 單葉對生 全緣 無毛 白色 花 花冠筒狀 雄蕊紫色 匍匐性灌木 單葉對生 倒卵形 底被白 色絨毛 淡紫藍色花 核果球形 Perennial creeping herb; leaves simple, alternate, ovate, apex deeply 2-lobed; reddish pink or purple flowers, funnelform. Erect shrub; leaves simple, opposite, margin entire, glabrous; white flowers, tubular; stamens purple in colour. Prostrating shrub; leaves simple, opposite, obovate, lower surfaces covered with grey white hairs; purplish blue flowers; globose drupes. 草海桐 闊苞菊 雙頭菊 Beach Morning-glory Ipomoea pes-caprae Beach Naupaka Scaevola taccada Clerodendrum inerme Marsh Fleabane Pluchea indica Vitex rotundifolia Wollastonia biflora 常綠灌木 葉近圓形 底灰白色 蒴果卵 圓形 五瓣裂開 木質 常綠灌木 葉心形 表面光滑 葉脈較黃 槿明顯 蒴果不開裂 球狀 藤本 枝條均被尖刺 葉互生 偶數二回 羽狀複葉 莢果外面密生針狀刺 直立或舖散灌木 葉稍肉質 螺旋狀排列 於枝頂 花紫白相間 核果由綠轉白 灌木 單葉互生 倒卵形 基部長楔形 葉緣 具小尖齒 花筒狀 瘦果有棱 乾後帶褐色 直立草本 基部有匍匐莖 葉卵狀披針形 葉緣具鋸齒 網脈明顯 舌狀花瓣一層 Evergreen shrub; leaves broad-ovate, lower surface grayish white; capsules ovoid, 5-lobed, woody. Evergreen shrub; leaves heart-shaped, glabrous adaxially, obvious veins than H. tiliaceus; capsules pyriform, closed. Vine, spiny stems; leaves compound, alternate, even-bipinnate; spiny, leathery legumes. Erect or prostate shrub; leaves lightly fleshy, spirally arranged at the apical part of the branches; corollas white and purple; drupes change from green to white in colour. Shrub; leaves simple, alternate, obovate, base cuneate, margin sometimes toothed; tubular florets; achene creasted, change to brown when dry. Erect herb; rooting at nodes; leaves obovate-lanceolate, margin toothed, veins conspicusous; one layer of ligular florets. 海 岸 海 岸 豬屎豆 Smooth Crotalaria Crotalaria pallida 半灌木狀草本 三小葉 兩側小葉較小 倒卵形 莢果圓柱形 下垂聚生 Shrub-like herb; compound leaves with 3 leaflets, smaller leaflets on sides, obovate; cylindrical legumes, group together. 馬甲子 Thorny Wingnut Paliurus ramosissimus 灌木 枝褐色 被短毛 單葉互生 基生 3出脈 托葉呈刺狀 核果盤狀 Shrub; branchlets brown covered with short hairs; leaves simple, alternate, 3-veined from base, stipule spinous; drupes cup-shaped. 海杧果 Cerbera Cerbera manghas 喜鹽草 Oval Halophila Halophila ovalis 矮大葉藻 Dwarf Eel Grass 露兜樹 Zostera japonica Screw Pine Pandanus tectorius 喬木 單葉 倒卵披針形 革質 叢生於莖 頂 核果闊卵形 木質 由綠轉紅 具劇毒 草本 莖匍匐 葉長橢圓形 薄膜質 全 緣 中脈明顯 潮間及潮下帶有花 草本 莖匍匐 葉長條形 具3條平行葉 脈 生於潮間帶沙坪和泥灘 多年生灌木 葉帶狀 革質 葉邊具銳刺 小核果組成頭狀聚花果 由綠轉橙紅色 Tree; leaves simple, narrowly ovate, leathery, aggregate at the branch apex; drupes ovate, woody, from green to red. Highly poisonous. Perennial herb, creeping stems; oblong-elliptic, membranous leaves, margin entire with conspicuous midvein; intertidal and sub-tidal flowering plant. Perennial herb, creeping stems; leaves linear, 3 veins in parallel; growth in intertidal sandflat and mudflat. Perennial shrub; leaves linear, leathery texture and spiny margin; druplets form a multiple fruit, change from green to reddish orange in colour. 生圖錄 Wildlife Pictorial Guide

14 海岸 Seashore Plants 灘塗 Soft Shore Animals Text : 黃志俊 Dickson Wong Photo : 黃志俊 Dickson Wong 曲畸心蛤 False Cockle 角毛蚶 Bloody Cockle 加夫蛤 格特蛤 Clam 文蛤 青蛤 綴錦蛤 Carpet-shell Anomalocardia flexuosa 鹵蕨 Leather Fern Acrostichum aureum 銀葉樹 Coastal Heritiera Heritiera littoralis Aegiceras corniculatum 高大喬木 板根發達 橢圓形葉 底面 銀色 果實有突脊 浮水性 幹黑褐色 有淺色皮孔 葉倒卵型 尖端 微凹 滿佈白色鹽粒 胚軸圓柱微彎 Herbal fern; fronds lanceolate, leathery; sporangia covering all over abaxial surface of fertile pinnae. Tall tree with well-developed buttress roots; leaves oblong, lower surface silvery; fruits keeled longitudinal, floats on water for dispersal. Branch blackish brown with white lenticels; leaves elliptic, apex rounded and emarginated spreads with white crystals; cyclindrical dropper, apiculate apex. Marcia sp. Lumnitzera Lumnitzera racemosa 木欖 Many-petaled Mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza 秋茄樹 水筆仔 單葉對生 革質 長橢圓形 葉柄略紅 花呈鮮紅色 胚軸狀似雪茄 最常見紅樹 主幹褐紅色 升高根 葉在 樹枝同一位置長出 胚軸長如筆枝 Leaves simple, alternate, fleshy, spoon-shaped, grow in vertical form, similar in both sides; mostly found in the backshore region of the mangrove stand. Leaves simple, opposite, leathery, long elliptic; petioles reddish; bright red flowers and droppers cigar-shaped. The most commonly seen mangrove; reddish brown main stems with stilt root; leaves sent out at the same position on the branch; droppers long like a pen. 海 岸 Tapes sp. 海欖雌 白骨壤 Black Mangrove 老鼠簕 單葉互生 橢圓形 葉基有腺體 蒴果球 形 折斷時會有白色乳液 小心有毒 葉面有光澤 葉底灰白 蒴果扁球形 淡 灰黃色 樹木周圍滿佈出水通氣根 葉全緣或有深波狀帶刺的齒 對生 質 硬 淡紫藍色花 頂生穗狀花序 Leaves simple, alternate, elliptic with glands at the base; capsules spherical; white latex produced when parts are broken off (beware of poisonous). Leaf upper surface shiny and lower surface grayish white; capsules nearly ovoid, pale grayish yellow; many neumatophores surrounding the tree. Leaves margin entire or spinous, opposite, rigid; pale purple flowers, inflorescence spike, terminal. Blind-your-eye Avicennia marina Carpet-shell Cyclina sinensis 掉地蛤 Large Mangrove Clam Geloina erosa 紫貝 Soletellina sp. 石蠔/僧帽牡蠣 Rock Oyster 鉗蛤 Tree Oyster 玉螺 Moon Shell Isognomon sp. Natica sp. 溝紋筍光螺 灘棲螺 Sand Snail 擬蟹守螺 Cerith Saccostrea cucullata Excoecaria agallocha Asiatic Hard Clam Meretrix meretrix Kandelia Kandelia obovata 單葉互生 肉質 匙卵形 垂直生長 底 面難辨 生長於紅樹林較後緣位置 海漆 Small Mangrove Clam Grafrarium sp. 蠟燭果 桐花樹 草本蕨類 舌狀披針形葉 革質 孢子囊 滿佈於能育羽片下面 欖李 Scapharca cornea Spiny Bears Breech Acanthus ilicifolius Terebralia sulcata Batillaria sp. 生圖錄 Wildlife Pictorial Guide Cerithidea sp. 灘 塗

15 灘塗 Soft Shore Animals 彩螺 Clithon 粗糙濱螺 Rough Periwinkle 黑口濱螺 Black-mouth Littorine 藤壼 Acorn Barnacle 鼓蝦 Pistol Shrimp 螻蛄蝦 Mud Shrimp 蜑螺 Nerite 黑線蜑螺 Nerite 鐘螺 細螯寄居蟹 Hermit Crab 隆線拳蟹 Pebble Crab 長腕和尚蟹 Soldier-crab 秀麗織紋螺 Mud Whelk 石磺 Seashore Slug 褐海兔 Sea hare 大眼蟹 Sentinel Crab 圓球股窗蟹 Sand Bubbler Crab 角眼切腹蟹 Buddhist Crab Clithon sp. Nerita sp. Nassarius festivus 灘 塗 絳體管口虫益 Inn Keeper Worm Ochetostoma erythrogrammon 海鞘 Sea Squirt Styela plicata Littoraria articulata Nerita lineata Onchidium sp. 星蟲 Sipunculid Worm Sipunculus sp. 彈塗魚 Mud-skipper Periophthalmus cantonensis Littoraria melanostoma Monodonta sp. Bursatella leachii Balanus sp. Clibanarius sp. Macrophthalmus sp. Alpheus sp. Philyra carinata Scopimera globosa Upogebia sp. Mictyris longicarpus Tmethypocoelis creatophora 燈貝 Lampshell 雙齒近相手蟹 Sesarmine Crab 長足長方蟹 Long-legged Crab 闊額大額蟹 Grapsid Crab 飛白楓海星 Starfish 北方凹指招潮 Fiddler-crab 粗腿綠眼招潮 Fiddler-crab 梭子蟹 Swimming Crab Lingula lingua Archaster typicus Perisesarma bidens Uca borealis Metaplax longipes Uca crassipes 生圖錄 Wildlife Pictorial Guide Metapograpsus frontalis Thalamita crenata 灘 塗

16 岩岸 Rocky Shore Animals Text : 黃志俊 Dickson Wong Photo : 黃志俊 Dickson Wong 日本花棘石鱉 Chiton 平瀨錦石鱉 擬帽貝 Limpet 菊花螺 False Limpet 銀口凹螺 中華蠑螺 Turban Shell 漁舟蜑螺 Nerite Acanthopleura japonica Patelloida sp. 朝鮮花冠小月螺 Siphonaria sp. Turban Shell Lunella coronata 岩 岸 平軸螺 Ribbed Clusterwink Planaxis sulcatus 黑斑芋螺 Conus Conus ebraeus Chiton Onithochiton hirasei Turbo chinensis 結節濱螺 Periwinkles Nodilittorina spp. 疣荔枝螺 Dog Whelk Thais clavigera 嫁䗩 Limpet 白星螺 榧螺 Oliva Shell 塔形馬蹄螺 Pyramid Shell 條紋隔貽貝 Purplish Mussel 海蟑螂 Sea Slater 龜足 Stalked Barnacle 笠藤壺 Acorn Barnacle 刺巨藤壺 Barnacle 馬來小藤壺 Barnacle Astralium haematragum Cellana sp. Silver-mouthed Monodont Chlorostoma argyrostoma Nerita albicilla Septifer virgatus Tetraclita sp. Oliva sp. Ligia exotica Megabalanus volcano Trochus pyramis Capitulum mitella Chthamalus malayensis 阿文綬貝 Giant Arabian Cowrie 日本岩瓷蟹 Porcelain Crab 白紋方蟹 Grapsid Crab 平背蜞 珠母核果螺 紫海膽 Sea Urchin 玉足海參 Sea Cucumber 海葵 Sea Anemone Cypraea arabica Dog Whelk Cronia margariticola Petrolisthes japonicus Anthocidaris crassispina Grapsus albolineatus Holothuria leucospilota 生圖錄 Wildlife Pictorial Guide Grapsid Crab Gaetice depressus Spheractis sp. 岩 岸

17 海藻 Seaweeds Text : 黃志俊 Dickson Wong 地衣 Lichens Photo : 呂德恆 Ｈenry Lui Text : 黃志俊 Dickson Wong Photo : 黃志俊 Dickson Wong 斑衣 閉睫毛擬文衣 文字衣 黑瘤衣 橙衣 燭金絮衣 石蕊 貓兒衣 茶漬 網衣 裸緣梅衣 彩脊衣 Arthonia sp. 褐殼藻 胭脂藻 滸苔 深棕色圓形 中心部分常死掉 成光環般 的獨特形態 夏季時更為明顯 深紫紅色斑塊 外形不規則 遮蔽岩石 中和強沖刷岩岸均可找到 鮮綠色絲狀體 常糾纏成一團 可在不同 程度沖刷的岩岸找到 Dark brown circular patches, central often dies, leaving a characteristic halo pattern especially in summer. Dark purple-red patch, irregular in outline. Often found in the sheltered boulders and semi-exposed to exposed shores. Bright green thread-like filaments, usually tangled together forming clumps. Found in different exposed shores. Ralfsia sp. Hildenbrandia sp. 石蒓 團扇藻 馬尾藻 鮮綠至欖綠色薄片 有時可長至很大塊 缺水時 會皺成一團 棕色塊狀 形似外耳殼 革質堅韌 表面 可見環狀生長紋 Bright green to olive-green sheets, sometimes can grow to large size. When out of water, it collapses into a crumpled mass. Brown sheets ear-liked form, leathery and strong texture. Circular growing pattern can be seen. 大型海藻 褐綠色 有葉柄和像葉子般 的葉片 有氣囊可助浮水 冬末時沿海 邊大量生長 Padina sp. Sargassum sp. Cladonia sp. 藻 囊藻 紫菜 珊瑚藻 褐色至橄欖色 外形不規則 中空 可單 獨或成群生長在低潮間帶位置 紅褐色的薄片 沒有固定形狀 生長得十 分濃密 可覆蓋整塊岩石 粉紅色海藻 枝節尖較淺色 矮叢大量生 長在潮間帶至亞潮間帶的岩岸 Brown to olive-green colour, irregularly shaped with hollow inside. Can be found at the low intertidal shores in single or in groups. Red-brown thin sheet, no definite shape. Dense population can cover the whole rock in winter. Pink alga with segmented, pale-tipped. Dwarf turfs grow extensively in the intertidal to subtidal zones in the rocky shores. Colpomenia sp. Porphyra sp. Caloplaca sp. Leptogium sp. Chrysothrix candelaris Lecanora sp. Huge seaweed. Olive brown with stipe and leaf-like blades. Air bladders for floating. Blooms in the late winter. Lecidea sp. 海 Graphis sp. Enteromorpha sp. Buellia sp. Ulva sp. Graphina cleistoblephara Parmotrema sp. Dirinaria picta Corallina sp. 地 椰子黑盤衣 Pyxine cocoes 樹花 Ramalina sp. 生圖錄 Wildlife Pictorial Guide 橘色藻 Trentepohlia sp. 衣