Microsoft Word 白世红.doc

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Microsoft Word 白世红.doc"

岭闻
5 years ago
Views:

1 Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, May 2010, 18(3): DOI: /SP.J * 白世红 1,2 马风云 1,2** 侯栋 1,2 王迪 1,2 ( ; ) 对黄河三角洲天然湿地陆生植被和水生植被两种演替序列的种群生态位宽度和生态位重叠进行了调查研究结果表明 : 陆生植被经过翅碱蓬群落碱蓬柽柳群落柽柳群落白茅群落的演替过程, 每个阶段优势种的生态位宽度都较大翅碱蓬群落阶段优势种翅碱蓬的生态位宽度达 9.99, 碱蓬柽柳群落阶段碱蓬的生态位宽度为 9.72, 柽柳群落阶段柽柳的生态位宽度为 9.20, 白茅群落阶段白茅的生态位宽度为 9.31 水生植被的演替序列为眼子菜金鱼藻群落 ( 沉水植物 ) 阶段浮萍水鳖群落 ( 浮水植物 ) 阶段芦苇水烛群落 ( 挺水植物 ) 阶段和杞柳芦苇群落 ( 湿生植物 ) 阶段, 沉水植物阶段优势种眼子菜的生态位宽度为 8.62, 浮水植物阶段优势种浮萍生态位宽度为 9.23, 挺水植物阶段优势种芦苇的生态位宽度为 8.59, 湿生植物阶段优势种杞柳生态位宽度为 7.45 生态位宽度计测结果较好地对应着各种群在群落中的地位和作用, 生态位宽度在演替系列中的动态也较好地反映了种群在群落演替过程的数量动态各演替阶段生态位重叠计算结果表明, 各阶段种群间的生态位重叠值低, 每一阶段内种群间有较高的生态位重叠黄河三角洲陆生植被水生植被演替阶段生态位宽度生态位重叠 : Q145 : A : (2010) Change in population niche during vegetation community succession in the Yellow River Delta BAI Shi-Hong 1,2, MA Feng-Yun 1,2, HOU Dong 1,2, WANG Di 1,2 (1. College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an , China; 2. Key Laboratory for Agricultural Ecology and Environment, Tai an , China) Abstract Based on the plant ecological survey on main vegetation communities in the Yellow River Delta, the population niche breadth and overlap of succession series of both terrestrial and aquatic vegetation were analyzed. The results show that terrestrial vegetation succession occurs in the following stages: Suaeda salsa community S. glauca + Tamarix chinensis community T. chinensis community Imperata cylindrical community. The dominant species in each succession stage exhibits a large niche breadth and importantly influences on the community. Niche breadth of S. salsa in S. salsa community is 9.99, that of S. glauca in S. glauca+t. chinensis community is 9.72, it is 9.20 for T. chinensis in T. chinensis community, and is 9.31 for I. cylindrical in I. cylindrical community. The succession stages for aquatic vegetation are: Potamogeton spp+ceratophyllum demersum community (immersed vegetation) Lemna minor+hydrocharis dubia community (floating vegetation) Phragmites communis +Typha angustifolia community (emergent aquatic vegetation) Salix integra+ P. communis community (hygrophyte vegetation). Niche breadth of Potamogeton spp in immersed vegetation is 8.62, that of L. minor in floating vegetation is 9.23, it is 8.59 for P. communis in emergent aquatic vegetation, and 7.45 for S. integra in hygrophyte vegetation. Niche breadth well corresponds to the role of population in the communities, which changes during succession series in response to population dynamics. The niche overlap is lower among populations in different succession stages, and higher among population inner the same succession stage. Key words Yellow River Delta, Terrestrial vegetation, Aquatic vegetation, Succession stage, Niche breadth, Niche overlap (Received Jan. 12, 2010; accepted March 23, 2010) * ( ) ** : (1965~),,,, sdmfy@sdau.edu.cn (1964~),,,, bsh@sdau.edu.cn : :

2 (Niche) Grinnell [1], Elton [2], [3 6] 20 80, 90 [7 14],,, : (Niche breadth or niche width)(niche overlap),,,,,, 1 研究地概括和研究方法 1.1,,, 12.3, 41.9, 23.3, 210 d, 542.3~842.0 mm, ( 63.9%), ,,,,,, 2~ 3 m, 0.5~1.5 m,,, 10~40 g L 1, 200 g L 1, 1.2 :,,, 10, 10 m 10 m, 6, 1 m 1 m,, : =(++)/3 (1) : BL i = 1/(ΣP 2 ij ) j = 1,, r (2) O ik = n ij n kj /(Σn 2 ij Σn 2 kj ) 1/2 j = 1,, r (3) (2), BL i i Levins, P ij i j, P ij = n ij / N i, N i = n ij, n ij i j (), i j, r (3), O ik Pianka i k, n ij n kj i k j 2 结果与分析 ,,,,, ; 9.99,, ,, ,, 9.32;,, , 9.20,, 9.09,, 6.95,, 3.77, 2.96~6.73 ;, 80%;,,, , 6.20, 3.26;,,,

3 3 : 583 Code Tab. 1 表 1 黄河三角洲地区陆生植被不同演替阶段种群生态位宽度 Niche breadths of populations in different succession stages of terrestrial vegetation in the Yellow River Delta Species name Suaeda salsa community Succession stage S. glauca + Tamarix chinensis community T. chinensis community Imperata cylindrical community 1 S. salsa S. glauca T. chinensis Phragmites communis Salicornia europaea Aeluropus littoralis Nitraria sibirica Apocynum venetum Scorzonera mongolica Cynodon dactylon Arundo donax Cynanchum chinense C. thesioides Artemisia capillaris Ixeris chinensis Miscanthus sacchariflorus Imperata cylindrical Setaria viridis Hemistepta lyrata Echinochloa crusgali Limonium bicolor Polygonum orientale Chenopodium album 7.72,,,,,,,,, 1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ), [15],, [16] 2, , 4 4

5 3 : 585, 3, 1 2 3,,,,, ,, 3 1,,,, Code Tab. 3, ,,, 1.32~5.66 2,,, ,,,, 1.13~4.33, ,,, 7.45,,,,,, 1.13~4.67, 表 3 黄河三角洲水生植被不同演替阶段种群生态位宽度 Niche breadths of populations in different succession stages of aquatic vegetation in the Yellow River Delta Succession stage Salix integra+ P. communis community Species name Potamogeton Lemna minor+hydrocharis angustifolia commu- P. communis +Typha spp+ceratophyllum demersum community dubia community nity 1 Potamogeton spp C. demersum Najas spp Myriophyllum spicatum Lemna minor Salvinia natans Spirodela polyrrhiza P. communis Hydrocharis dubia Monochoria korsakowii Typha angustifolia T. orientalis Alisma plantago-aquatica Sagittaria sagittifolia Sparganium stoloniferum Cyperus rotundus Salix integra C. chinense C. thesioides A. capillaris M. sacchariflorus I. cylindrical S.viridis E. crusgali P. orientale C. album Glycine soja 4.66

7 3 : ,,,,,,, ;, ;,,,,, 3 结论, 9.99, 9.72, 9.20, 9.31,,,,,,, , , 3, 8.59, , 参考文献 [1] Grinnell J. The niche-relationship of California thrasher[j]. Auk, 1919, 34: [2] Elton C. Animal ecology[m]. New York: Macmillan, 1957: [3] Pielou E C. Niche width and niche overlap: A method for measuring them[j]. Ecology, 1972, 53(4): [4] Leibold M A. The niche concept revisited: Mechanistic models and community context[j]. Ecology, 1995, 76(5): [5] Shugart H H, Bonan G B. Niche theory and community organization[j]. Can J Bot, 1998, 66: [6] Thompson K, Gaston K J, Band S R. Range size, dispersal and niche breadth in the herbaceous flora of central England[J]. Ecology, 1999, 87: [7],,,. [J]., 1984, 4(2): [8]. [J]. :, 1990, 26(2): [9]. [J]., 1994, 5(3): [10],. [J]., 1997, 16(6): [11],. [J]., 2001, 21(3): [12],. [J]., 2004, 31(2): [13],,,. [J]., 2007, 43(2): [14],,,. [J]., 2003, 23(12): [15],,. [M]. :, 1995: [16],,,. [J]., 1984, 4(2):

中山市基于“海绵城市”理念下的市政项目优化设计研究

中山市基于“海绵城市”理念下的市政项目优化设计研究中山市基于海绵城市理念下的市政项目优化设计研究 ( 方案公示 ) 广东省交通规划设计研究院股份有限公司二一六年六月前言为保护和改善城市生态环境, 推进中山市海绵城市规划建设, 响应国务院办公厅关于推进海绵城市建设的指