...1... 32... 46 21... 81... 137... 140... 163 I
(conception contractuelle) 1
( ) 24 (soci t s de publicain) 2
(consortium) (societas) (copropri t ) (institution) (soci tas alicujus negotiationis ou uniusvei) 12 3
(r publiques commercantes) ( ) 18 17 1804 1807 4
1804 1832 1807 18 Pothier 1844 (deed of settlement) 1856 19 19 Ripert Roblot 19 5
( ) 1832 (biens) (industrie) 1985 14(1) 6
7
(actionnariat) 8
( ) 9
( ) 1832 (1) 1963 36 10
11
( ) 12
(lois sociales) (r serve h r ditaire) 13
(vices de consentement) (dol) (violence) (erreur) (objet) 14
( ) 1 1833 1832 2 15
20 50 3 (apport) 16
(parts) (actions) ( ) 17
18
( ) 19
20
Stirling Lord Herschell 21
( ) 22
( ) 23
36 24
36 2 8 ( ) 25
26
27
( ) 28
(libert de constitution) 29
20 60 30
(cumulative voting rights) 31
(preemptive right) 1993 15 32
33
34
(rule of reason) (rule of per se) 35
100 10 3 1989 4 28 Detroit Ames Sintering ( Ames) Detroit Ames 1989 Detroit Ames Detroit Detroit Ames Ames 36
Ames Ames Ames Ames Ames 37
1991 Natriumkarbonat Solvay ICI BASF CFK 4800 1994 30 24800 38
1999 1 1 6 39
1987 108 260 1993 1994 51 BP 1996 3 9 15 17 9 9 8 1998 40
1998 8 17 80 15.3 41
1997 14 42
1998 20 1989 43
80 1987 1990 1990 1991 1998 1991 44
1998 20 45
1999 12 15 50 1. 2. 46
3. 4. 5. 47
1997 8 ( ) ( ) SLIM-I ( ) 1998 6 7300 ( ) BBS 48
1998 8 10 1998 7 28 E-MAIL 8 1. 2. 3. 4. 49
1. 2. 3. 4. 1997 8 5 SLIM-I 14200 50
BBS 1. 2. 51
1993 ( ) ( ) 52
53
54
55
1. 2. 56
1. 2. 57
101 93 98 ( ) ( ) 58
/ (Priviledge to Opinion) 59
1974 1990 (Legal Test) (Reasonable-Person Standard) 60
/ / 61
62
63
/ 64
1998 4 ( ) 65
66
40 67
7300 68
EMAIL 69
1. 2. 3. 121 127 70
1993 1993 1. 2. 3. 71
4. 5. 72
IP ( ) ( ) BBS 73
1. IP 2. 3. 4. 74
50 75
6 1. 1 2. 2 3. 3 76
( 49 ) 77
1. 78
2. 12 8 12 15 3. 79
4. (Justice Brennan) (chilling effect) 80
21 ( 81
) ) 30 82
( ) 83
( ) 84
85
86
( ) ( ) 87
( ) 1978 88
89
( ) 90
91
92
( ) 93
20 ( ) 94
( ) (1) ( ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) ( )( ) 95
( ) 96
( ) ( ) 97
98
( ) 99
( ) 100
101
(1) (2) 102
(3) (4) 103
104
105
106
Intuit Intuit Intuit Intuit 70% Quicken 107
( ) ( ) 108
( ) ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) ( ) 109
( ) 110
( ) ( ) ( ) 111
( ) ( ) 112
( ) ( ) 113
( ) ( ) 114
( ) 115
116
( ) ( ) (1) ( ) 117
(2) (3) (4) (5) 118
( ) ( ) ( ) 119
( ) 120
4% 1.8% 55 65% 28% 4 121
122
123
200 124
) ( 1. 125
2. GNP 126
3. EDI 4. 127
1. 2. 128
3. 4. 129
( ) (1) 130
(2) (3) (4) (5) 131
(1) (2) ( ) (3) 132
(4) 133
(1) (2) (3) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (4) (5) 134
(6) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (1) (2) (3) (4) 135
(5) (1) (2) (3) (1) (2) (3) (4) ( ) (1) (2) 136
(1) ( (2) ( ) (3) 80 137
80 1990 80 1991 28 138
1 1983 ( ) 2 1991 33-313(e) 3 1990 1990 139
1991 4 1989 24% ( ) 140
130 2 141
(OECD] 1977 142
1 36 1 (1) (2) (3) 143
36 1 130 2 GKN/Sachs 144
1973 AEG A. Zanussi S.p.A. 25.01% Zanussi AEG AEG AEG 130 2 145
1985 Morris/Rothmans 1982 Philip Morris Rothmans 50% Philip Morris Philip Morris 14.3% Rothmans Brinkman 16.9% Morris Rothmans 5 99% 30.15% 27.3% 10% Morris Rothmans 5 4 Morris Rothmans Morris 146
Rothmans 24.9% 1987 2 19 2 (1) (2) 147
60 130 2 1974 Texaco BP Shell Esso VEBA (ARAL) 1973 10 1974 148
14 1973 3 120 160. Texaco Esso Shell ARAl BP 22 75% 1974 149
1974 1 BP BP 3 150
6 6 1 1973 1978 111 104 1986 321 151
53 1998 6 1970/1972 1967 8 G 1967 10 16 8% 67 10 16 8% 152
80% 1 85 Morris Rothmans " 1945 153
Aluminum 1990 2 24 1... 154
155
1955 1967 (OECD) " " 1977 1982 1984 156
1991 9 1992 157
1993 7 21 2 2 (a) 158
2 2 (b) 1947 1948 [ ] 5 1980 12 159
160
161
162
163
164
( ) 165
166
167
168
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 169
( ) 170
( ) 171
( ) 172
( ) ( ) 173
58 174
( ) ( ) 175
( ) ( ) 176
( ) 177
1. ( ) 178
(Prinzip der privatautonomie) (L autonomie de la volonte humaine) (1) ( ) ( ) (2) ( (3) 179
180
2. ( ) 181
) 3. ( 182
183
(1) (2) (3) (4) 184
(5) (6) 185
) 4. ( 186
5. ( ) ( ) ( ) 1998 8% 187
( ) 188
( ) ( ) 189
( ) 190
( ) ( ) 17 191
( ) ( ) ( ) (legal) (legitimate) ( ) 192
( ) ( ) ( 193
) ( ) ) 194
( ) 195
196
1998 3 14 1998 1 22 197
198
199
(1) ( ) (2) ( ) (3) (4) ( ) 200
( ) 121 67 ( ) 201
202
203
204
205
206
207
( ) ( ) 208
( ) ( ) 1984 209
( ) (1) (2) (3) 210
(4) ( ) ( ) ( ) 211
212