115 AVR W.V. Awdrey ATMEL AVR PIC AVR PIC AVR RISC AVR PIC AVR AVR AVR AVR AVR ATtiny15 AVR AVR AVR RAM ROM 121
116 122 ATMEL AT90S8515 AVR CPU AVR AVR AVR ATMEL RISC 32 8 r0 r31 3 16 X Y Z 6-1 118 7 0 R0 R1 R2 R13 R14 R15 R16 R17 R26 R27 R28 R29 R30 R31 0x00 0x01 0x02 0x0D 0x0E 0x0F 0x10 0x11 0x1A 0x1B 0x1C 0x1D 0x1E 0x1F X- X- Y- Y- Z- Z- 6-1 AVR AVR PIC AVR 8M AT90S8515 AVR 6-2 ATMEL AVR C
117 AVR 123 0x000 (4K x 16) 0x0000 0x0020 I/O (64 x 8) 0x0060 SRAM (512x 8) 0x0260 0xFFF (64Kx 8) 0xFFFF 6-2 ATMEL AT90S8515 int max(int *array) { char a; int maximum = -32768; for (a = 0; a < 16; a++) if (array[a] > maximum) maximum = array[a]; return (maximum); } 6-1 6-1 ATMEL AVR 46 335 8051 112 9384 PIC16C74 87 2492 68HC11 57 5244 AVR PIC16 7 68HC11 15 8051 28 8051 8MHz AVR 224MHz ATMEL AVR AVR
118 124 AVR PIC dspic AVR AT90xxx ATmega ATtiny ATMEL Field-Programmable Gate Arrays FPGA AVR AVR gcc ATMEL ATMEL ATMEL AVR AVR AVR ATtiny15 AT90S8535/AT90S4434 AT90S8515 ATtiny15 ATMEL ATtiny15 AVR ATtiny15 512 RAM 100MB PC AVR ATtiny15 32 RAM ATtiny15 3! 9 512 9 AVR r30 r31 16 Z 64 EEPROM 5 I/O 8 8 / 4 10 A/D 8 8 MIPS I/O
119 AVR 125 ATtiny15 6-3 ATtiny15 ATtiny 15 0.1µF RESET/PB5 PB4 PB3 PB2 PB1 PB0 6-3 ATtiny15 2. 7V 5.5V 0.1µF PB0 PB4 I/O PB0 PB4 RESET Power-On Reset POR ATtiny15 ATtiny15 RESET RESET PB5 RESET/PB5 program burner PB5 +12V PB5 1V AVR PIC brownout detector BODBOD BOD ATtiny15
120 126 watchdog ATtiny15 ATtiny15 ATtiny15 PB3 PB4 XTAL1 XTAL2 1.6MHz RC ATtiny15 800kHz 1.6MHz! RC ATtiny15 RC ATMEL ATtiny15 8 ATtiny15 I/O AVR ATtiny15 PIC12C508 AVR LED I/O
121 AVR 127 LED LED LED 6-4 LED I/O LED I/O LED LED R I/O R LED I/O Pin 6-4 LED LED LED LED LED 3.3V ATtiny15 I/O 0.6V 3V 0.5V LED 1.6V LED 0.6V 5V LED 4.4V LED 1.6V 2.8V 5V - 1.6V - 0.6V = 2.8V 5V AVR I/O 20mA 2.8V 20mA R = V / I = 2.8 / 20mA = 140 150 150 18.6mA
122 128 5V AVR 20mA 2. 7V 10mA 2.8V P = V * I = 2.8V * 20mA = 0.056 Watts = 56mW 150 0.0625W 0.0625W I/O 5V AVR I/O 4.3V LED 0. 7V LED 1.6V LED AVR LED 20mA AVR LED I/O MAX4626 MAX4626 1.8V 5.5V 6-5 MAX4626 ATtiny15AVR AVR PB2
123 AVR 129 MAX4626 NO COM PB2 MAX4626 0.1µF 0.1µF ATtiny 15 RESET/PB5 PB4 PB3 PB2 PB1 PB0 MAX4626 IN V+ NO COM 6-5 MAX4626 AVR 5V MAX4626 4 IN 0.8V 2.4V AVR 0.6V 4.3V AVR MAX4626 MAX4626 1µA AVR MAX4626 MAXIM 6-6 PB3 PB3 AVR 6-7
124 130 ATtiny 15 0.1µF RESET/PB5 PB4 PB3 PB2 PB1 PB0 6-6 6-7 debouncing AVR MAX4626
125 AVR 131 I/O AVR Socketed Component AVR Serial Peripheral Interface SPI ATtiny15 SPI SPI PB0 PB1 PB2 SPI MOSI MISO SCK 5V 5V 5V RESET RESET CPU PB0 PB1 PB2 SPI ATMEL ATMEL ATMEL PC 6-8 VTG +5V VTG ATMEL 3 3 LED
126 132 1 2 1 2 MISO SCK RST VTG MOSI MOSI NC RST VTG SCK MISO 6-8 6-9 MOSI MISO MOSI MISO slave master C1 100nF R2 470 RESET ATtiny15L RESET/PB5 PB4 PB3 PB2/SCK PB1/MISO PB0/MOSI LED LED RESET HEADER 5X2 1 3 5 7 2 4 6 8 9 10 6-9 IDC LED I/O PB0 PB1 PB2 MAX4626 PB2 PB2 SCK MAX4626 MAX4626 PB0 PB1 PB2
127 AVR 133 PB3 MAX4626 PB2 MAX4626 RESET RESET MAX4626 DIP PCB PCB SIMM Single-in-line Memory Module AVR ATtiny15 SPM Store Program Memory 1.0 self-programming 128 256 Z r1 r0 ATMEL AVR109: AVR AVR ATtiny15 I/O
128 134 ATMEL AT90S8535 AVR I/O SPI 512 RAM 8K AT90S4434 4K 256 RAM AT90S8535 AT90S4434 6-10 AT90S8535 ATtiny15 RESET 10K X1 C1 C2 4 100nF A 100 R2 ATtiny15 I/O ATtiny15 I/O AVR AVR timing
129 AVR 135 X1 6-10 AT90S535 6-11 6-11 ( )
130 136 6-12 / 6-12 6-12 / data=1 data=0 6-13 / / 6-13 6-14 / 6-14 6-15
131 AVR 137 6-15 6-16 6-16 6-17 CS 1 Data 2 3 6-17 CS Data 6-2 6-2 1 CS 60 ns 2 CS 30 ns 3 Data 5 10 ns
132 138 1 6-2 CS 60ns CS 60ns CS 60ns 2 CS CS 30ns CS 30ns 30ns 30ns 3 CS 5ns 10ns 10ns CS 5ns 6-18 12 6-18 CSDR 6-19 CSDR 6-19 CSDR
133 AVR 139 AT90S8515 AVR PIC PIC17C44 AT90S8515 150ns 120ns 30ns 74LS TTL 10ns 74LS
134 140 AT90S8515 6-20 AT90S8515 AT90S8515 I/O A C I/O 16 8 24 A B 16 24 16 8 A A0 A7 Address Latch Enable ALE 74HCT573 6-20 ALE 8 B 8 A8 A15 A 6-20 6-21 AT90S8515 T3 ATMEL 6-22 ATMEL 6-3
135 AVR 141 6-20
136 142 T1 T2 T3 ALE [15..8] Prev. address / [7..0] Prev. address WR T1 T2 T3 ALE [15..8] Prev. address / [7..0] Prev. address RD 6-21 AT90S8515 6-22 AT90S8515
137 AVR 143 6-3 8MHz 0 1/t CLCL 0.0 8.0 MHz 1 t LHLL ALE 32.5 0.5 tclcl -30.0 ns 2 t AVLL A ALE 22.5 0.5 tclcl -40.0 ns 3a t LLAX_ST ALE 67.5 0.5 tclcl -50.0 ns ST/STD/STS 3b t LLAX_LD ALE 15.0 15.0 ns LD/LDD/LDS 4 t AVLLC C ALE 22.5 0.5 tclcl -40.0 ns 5 t AVRL RD 95.0 1.0 tclcl -30.0 ns 6 t AVWL WR 157.5 1.5 tclcl -30.0 ns 7 t LLWL ALE WR 105.0 145.0 1.0 tclcl -20.0 1.0 tclcl +20.0 ns 8 t LLRL ALE RD 42.5 82.5 0.5 tclcl -20.0 0.5 tclcl +20.0 ns 9 t DVRH Data RD 60.0 60.0 ns 10 t RLDV Read data 70.0 1.0 tclcl -55.0 ns 11 t RHDX RD Data 0.0 0.0 ns 12 t RLRH PD 105.0 1.0 tclcl -20.0 ns 13 t DVWL Data WR 27.5 0.5 tclcl -35.0 ns 14 t WHDX WR Data 0.0 0.0 ns 15 t DVWH Data WR 95.0 1.0 tclcl -30.0 ns 16 t WLWH WR 42.5 0.5 tclcl -20.0 ns ϕ
138 144 ATMEL t CLCL 1 8MHz 125ns T1 T2 T3 t CLCL 2 T1 A A0 A7 B A8 A15 ALE A ALE 0.5 t CLCL - 30ns AT90S8515 8MHz ALE 32.5ns 0.5 125ns 30ns=32.5nsALE 8 ALE 0.5 t CLCL - 40ns T1 40ns ALE A A 0.5 t CLCL + 5ns 15ns ALE t CLCL - 20ns WR WR 0.5 t CLCL - 20ns WR ALE 0.5 t CLCL - 20ns RD RD t CLCL - 20ns RD 60ns RD AT90S8515 1 2 CL clock Atmel CL
139 AVR 145 AT90S8515 3 RAM LED 6-23 RAM RAM RAM CS CS CS 6-23 6-24 AT90S8515 64K I/O 512 SRAM 0x0260 RAM 32K 0x8000~0xFFFF 0x8000~0xFFFF RAM 3
140 146 0x000 (4K x 16) 0x0000 0x0020 I/O (64 x 8) 0x0060 SRAM (512x 8) 0x0260 0xFFF (64Kx 8) 0xFFFF 6-24 ATMEL AT90S8515 3 3 14 6-25 SRAM 0x0260 0x1FFF 0x0000 0x0260 0x2000 0 1 2 0x4000 0x6000 0x8000 RAM 0xFFFF 6-25
141 AVR 147 0x2000 0x3FFF 0 1 0x2000 0x290F 6-4 6-4 A15...A0 0x0000~0x1FFF 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000~0001 1111 1111 1111 1111 0 0x2000~0x3FFF 0010 0000 0000 0000 0000~0011 1111 1111 1111 1111 1 0x4000~0x5FFF 0100 0000 0000 0000 0000~0101 1111 1111 1111 1111 2 0x6000~0x7FFF 0110 0000 0000 0000 0000~0111 1111 1111 1111 1111 RAM 0x8000~0xFFFF 1000 0000 0000 0000 0000~1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 RAM A15 A15 RAM A15 A14 A13 6-5 x 0 1 6-5 A15...A0 0x0000~0x1FFF 000x xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx 0 0x2000~0x3FFF 001x xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx 1 0x4000~0x5FFF 010x xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx 2 0x6000~0x7FFF 011x xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx RAM 0x8000~0xFFFF 1xxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx RAM A15 RAM A15 RAM RAM CS A15 RAM A15
148 74HCT04 6-26 RAM RAM A15 RAM 74HCT04 6-26 RAM RAM CS RAM 6-27 SRAM CY62256 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 A14 WE OE CE A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 C4 100nF D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 WR RD RAM 6-27 SRAM A15 A14 A13 74HCT139 142
143 AVR 149 4 A B Y0...Y3 6-28 A13 A14 U3A 74HCT139 A B G Y0 Y1 Y2 Y3 Latch0 Latch1 Latch2 A15 U2A 74HCT04 RAM 6-28 74HCT139 A15 G 8 4 74HCT138 3 8 74HCT573 6-29 74HCT573 8 LED 74HCT139 74HCT573 LE Latch Enable LED 0 LED 1 LED OE LED 74HCT139 4 74HCT139
144 150 100nF 1K 1K 1K 1K 1K 1K 1K 1K U2 74HCT573 D0 D0 D1 D1 D2 D2 D3 D3 D4 D4 D5 D5 D6 D6 D7 D7 0 LE OE Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 6-29 74HCT573 LED PAL PAL LCA PLD 5 Altera http://www.altera.comxilinx http://www.xilinx.comlattice http://www.latticesemi.comatmel VHDL 5 Programmable Array Logic Logic Cell Array Programmable Logic Devices
145 AVR 151 C 1 PAL PAL + OR * AND / NOT &! PALASM ABEL CUPL JED PAL EPROM PAL PAL PAL PAL PDS RAM PAL RAM = /A15 LATCH0 = /(/A15 * /A14 * A13) LATCH1 = /(/A15 * A14 * /A13) LATCH2 = /(/A15 * A14 * A13) C PALASM PAL 22V10 PAL PDS TITLE decoder.pds ; PATTERN REVISION 1.0 AUTHOR John Catsoulis COMPANY Embedded Pty Ltd DATE June 2002 CHIP decoder PAL22V10 ; PAL ; ("decoder") 1
146 152 PIN 2 A15 ; PIN 3 A14 PIN 12 LATCH0 PIN 13 LATCH1 PIN 14 LATCH2 PIN 15 RAM EQUATIONS ; RAM=/A15 LATH0=/(/A15*/A14*A13) LATH1=/(/A15*/A14*/A13) LATH2=/(/A15*/A14*A13) PAL bug PAL PAL SRAM 6-30 SRAM RAM Cypress CY62256-70 32K SRAM SRAM JEDEC SRAM SRAM CE t RC t ACE OE t DOE t HZOE t HCZE t LZOE t LZCE 6-30 RAM
147 AVR 153-70 70ns SRAM 70ns CY62256-70 http://www.cypress.com t RC 70ns CE 70ns CE RAM RAM 70ns SRAM OE OE RD CE t ACE 70ns OE t DOE 35ns CE OE t DOE RAM RAM RAM AT90S8515 ALE 8MHz AT90S8515 ALE 22.5ns 40ns 6RAM ALE 17.5ns 6-31 CLK ALE A15:A8 RAM 22.5 17.5 6-31 RAM RD ALE 42.5ns 82.5ns RAM RD OE 82.5ns 6-32 6 PAL 15ns PAL
148 154 CLK ALE A15:A8 RAM RD 22.5 17.5 82.5 6-32 RAM RAM RAM 70ns RD 35ns RAM 70ns ALE 87.5ns RD 35ns ALE 117.5ns RD SRAM ALE 117.5ns 6-33 CLK ALE A15:A8 RAM RD 22.5 17.5 82.5 117.5 6-33 SRAM ALE 147.5ns 8MHz SRAM 30ns ALE 200ns RAM RD 25ns 142.5ns RAM
155 AVR 6-34 6-34 > banked memory > 149
150 156 I/O I/O Memory Management Unit MMU 6-35 MMU MMU CPU MMU 6-35 MMU MMU 6-36 MMU 6-37
151 AVR 157 MMU 6-36 MMU 6-37 banked memory MMU 6-38 MMU 6-38 MMU 6-39 6-40 16 64K
152 158 6-39 MMU 6-40 6-41 I/O 64K RAM D0:D7 A0:A15 D0:D3 512K RAM D0:D7 A0:A15 A16:A19 6-41
153 AVR 159 256K 6502 64K 6-42 AT90S515 AVR 512K RAM 32K RAM 100nF D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 LATCH U1 74HCT573 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 LE OE Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 RD WR RAM SRAM HM628511H A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 A16 A17 A18 OE WE CS IO1 IO2 IO3 IO4 IO5 IO6 IO7 IO8 NC NC D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 100nF 6-42 AVR RAM HM628511H RAM 32K 32K RAM 512K 32K I/O A0 A14 RAM D0 D7 SRAM IO1 IO8 7 7 / I/O
154 160 LED 74HCT573 RAM 0x1C000 0x1C000 %001 1100 0000 0000 0000 15 A14 A0 0x03 RAM A18 A17 A16 A15 %0011 0x03 RAM 32K 0xC000 A15 RAM CS 15 A0 A14 0x1C000 NC No Connection MMU 6-43 A31 A16 A15 A0 MMU 6-43 MMU MMU MMU MMU MMU MMU / MMU MMU MMU MMU
155 AVR 161 MMU MMU MMU MMU MMU MMU MMU MMU MMU I/O