Drs. K. W. Boey, S.F. Li, C.W. Kwan and Ms. Bonny Wong ( ) 1
1.0 1.1 1.2 2.0 2.1 10 32.4 11.6 6.6(World Health Organisation,1999) 2.2 (Conwell, 2001 Klinger, 1999 Yip & Chiu, 1998) 2.3 (Shneidman, 1985) 3.0 3.1 ( ) 10 29.5 26.3 2.46 1 2
1.99 1( 3.1 3.1 3.2) ( ) 3.2 3.1 1981 2000 ( ) 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 <15 15-24 25-59 60 0 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 3
3.1 ( 10 ) 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75 ( ) 1994 16.7 21.9 23.1 30.1 48.6 101.5 142.6 23.7 33.0 42.0 29.0 31.1 44.8 74.7 100.5 30.5 ( ) 1994 3.6 6.3 7.5 8.3 9.0 16.9 38.2 6.5 6.4 7.1 7.1 7.3 8.6 15.9 32.8 7.0 1994 9.5 13.7 12.1 14.2 19.4 39.2 62.7 13.4 8.7 9.8 9.5 9.7 19.7 26.0 49.1 11.3 1994 12.0 19.8 24.1 35.6 38.9 29.7 55.1 23.1 5.1 8.3 8.2 12.0 15.1 19.1 35.2 10.9 1994 11.0 15.7 16.5 20.3 22.4 28.6 46.1 12.8 5.9 8.1 6.5 7.7 8.5 11.3 18.1 6.1 1994 11.7 14.8 16.0 19.0 17.2 34.4 88.7 14.0 10.2 8.4 10.2 9.0 13.9 20.3 56.3 9.6 1993 23.7 27.7 21.1 22.9 22.2 22.2 30.9 18.7 3.7 5.4 6.5 7.3 5.0 5.8 6.7 4.5 1993 23.8 28.1 28.4 27.9 23.8 23.0 26.9 21.0 4.7 5.8 7.9 8.7 6.8 5.5 6.4 5.4 1994 45.5 51.2 67.0 58.1 54.5 37.6 60.2 43.6 7.8 10.7 18.5 23.6 15.0 11.3 9.3 11.8 1994 4.1 5.7 4.5 7.1 7.4 9.6 14.3 5.5 0.4 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.7 2.9 3.0 1.4 1994 20.2 46.4 76.6 91.8 83.9 92.7 178.5 55.5 5.2 9.0 18.6 23.3 20.0 26.3 66.2 16.8 1993 39.4 29.3 22.2 20.7 15.8 24.8 25.0 20.5 5.9 9.7 5.5 7.3 8.6 4.8 3.9 5.4 1993 21.9 25.1 27.4 28.2 20.5 28.1 36.6 21.1 6.0 7.5 7.6 6.3 9.6 10.1 9.6 6.5 1994 17.9 27.9 39.5 45.6 32.7 37.0 35.4 24.7 2.7 4.2 6.8 7.5 7.0 7.7 5.9 4.5 1994 11.5 18.5 17.4 15.4 12.0 10.7 16.2 11.9 2.2 3.8 4.0 4.6 4.5 4.3 5.7 3.3 1992 21.9 24.0 23.7 22.4 24.1 29.9 52.3 19.6 3.7 5.0 6.6 7.3 6.5 5.9 6.5 4.6 1995 4
3.2 1981 2000 15 15-24 25-39 40-59 60 1981 0.45 0.49 0.47 7.0 4.61 5.86 14.1 9.72 12.1 15.3 11.1 13.4 31.7 23.5 27.1 9.6 1982 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.4 4.49 4.42 10.7 6.77 8.92 15.6 7.21 11.7 21.5 25.0 23.4 7.8 1983 0.15 0.48 0.31 4.8 4.6 4.71 9.47 6.0 7.84 18.6 8.25 13.8 33.7 25.8 29.3 8.8 1984 0.0 0.16 0.08 6.3 3.6 5.0 14.8 9.21 12.2 17.7 13.3 15.7 34.7 24.7 29.2 10.4 1985 0.15 0.33 0.23 8.5 7.0 7.79 15.4 12.8 14.2 21.2 15.4 18.5 39.3 30.0 34.2 12.8 1986 0.45 0.33 0.39 7.8 7.66 7.72 13.8 9.33 11.6 19.2 11.7 15.7 42.5 32.6 37.0 12.0 1987 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.9 4.39 5.68 13.9 10.6 12.3 14.8 11.4 13.2 39.8 29.2 34.0 11.1 1988 0.46 0.17 0.32 6.8 7.14 6.94 12.2 7.49 9.92 11.5 14.5 12.9 36.2 29.6 32.6 10.6 1989 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.4 6.44 6.92 13.5 10.8 12.2 14.6 11.2 13.1 38.1 26.6 31.9 11.3 1990 0.16 0.34 0.24 7.2 6.21 6.7 16.2 11.6 14.0 16.7 9.62 13.4 45.7 31.1 37.8 12.8 1991 0.64 0.52 0.58 7.6 6.55 7.11 15.0 10.5 12.8 18.4 11.5 15.2 42.1 28.9 35.0 12.8 1992 1.0 0.52 0.76 10.8 6.0 8.48 13.9 8.87 11.4 19.1 11.0 15.4 41.4 31.6 36.2 12.9 1993 0.33 0.69 0.5 8.8 7.0 7.91 12.8 9.52 11.1 13.8 9.91 12.0 36.8 28.7 32.4 11.6 1994 0.16 0.87 0.5 9.1 8.28 8.71 14.3 8.71 11.5 15.2 13.7 14.5 43.8 28.8 35.8 12.9 1995 0.81 0.87 0.84 13.1 6.06 9.64 16.6 8.53 12.4 18.5 10.0 14.5 37.9 26.1 31.6 12.9 1996 0.8 0.69 0.75 9.2 6.81 8.0 15.6 7.0 11.1 15.4 8.2 12.0 28.9 23.8 26.2 11.1 1997 0.82 0.18 0.51 11.7 5.6 8.68 14.5 6.7 10.4 17.2 10.0 13.8 35.4 24.3 29.5 12.0 1998 0.17 0.36 0.26 12.6 8.11 10.4 16.8 8.13 12.2 20.7 10.8 15.9 35.0 24.0 29.2 13.2 1999 0.84 0.9 0.87 7.1 4.7 5.9 19.5 9.46 14.1 22.2 11.1 16.8 31.8 21.3 26.3 13.1 2000 0.86 0.92 0.89 9.3 5.81 7.56 20.3 9.5 14.4 19.0 12.0 15.6 31.1 21.8 26.3 13.2 0.41 0.44 0.43 8.3 6.05 7.2 14.7 9.06 11.8 17.2 11.1 14.4 36.4 26.9 31.3 11.7 a) / 1981 3 1984 2 1988 1 1995 4 1996 7 1997 1 1998 4 b) 1981 1997 c) 1998 2000 d) 1996 5
4.0 4.1 917 60 ( 1 500 ) 72.5% 4.2 7.4% 5.5% 4.3 ( ) 4.4 5.0 5.1 ( Litman, 1989 Selkin, 1994) (Shneidman, 1977, 1994) 5.2 62 60 6
100 ( ) 76% 5.3 6.0 6.1 ( ) ( 6.1) 5% 18% 6.1 1981 1998 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 501 412 471 562 696 665 620 598 641 497 405 460 555 684 641 601 569 609 4 7 11 7 12 24 19 29 32 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 729 735 749 684 780 799 722 777 863 679 689 727 638 741 718 646 645 819 50 46 22 46 39 81 76 132 44 6.2 (E980 E989) E980 E989 7
6.3 7.0 7.1 (a) (b) (c) 5.5% 75% 90% (Appleby et al., 1999; Conwell, 2001; Isomestsä, 2000; Pirkis and Burgess, 1998) 8
i. 0.15 92% ii. Conwell (1998) (Conwell 2001 Chi et al., 1997) 9
iii. 36 79.3% 52% 76% ( 2000) ( De Leo, Carollo, & Dello Buono, 1995) (Morrow-Howell, Becker-Kemppainen, & Judy, 1998) 10
(, 2000) iv. 27% 36% v. ( ) vi. 50% 61% 70% ( ) vii. ( ) 11
viii. ( ) 8.0 8.1 12
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