2000
... 1 1.1... 1 1.2... 3 1.3... 3 1.4... 4 1.4.1... 4 1.4.2... 4 1.5... 6 1.5.1... 6 1.5.2... 6... 7 2.1... 7 2.2... 10 2.2.1... 10 2.2.2... 11 2.3... 14 2.3.1... 14 2.3.2... 17 2.4... 22... 26 3.1... 26 3.1.1... 26 3.1.2... 28 3.2... 32 3.3... 34 3.3.1... 34 3.3.2... 36 3.4... 41 I
3.4.1... 41 3.4.2... 41... 43 4.1... 44 4.1.1... 44 4.1.2... 45 4.1.3... 46 4.1.4... 47 4.1.5... 47 4.1.6... 48 4.1.7... 49 4.1.8... 50 4.1.9... 51 4.1.10... 52 4.2... 53... 56 5.1... 56 5.2... 59 5.3... 61 5.3.1... 61 5.3.2... 63 5.3.3... 66 5.3.4... 68 5.3.5... 70 5.3.6... 72 5.4... 73 5.4.1... 73 5.4.2... 75 5.4.3... 76 5.4.4... 77 5.4.5... 78 II
5.4.6... 79 5.4.7... 80 5.4.8... 82 5.5... 83 5.6... 86... 88 6.1... 88 6.2... 91 6.2.1... 91 6.2.2... 92 6.3... 94... 95... 95... 98... 99... 99... 100... 105... 110 1... 110 2... 114 3... 117 4... 120 5... 122 6... 124 7... 129 8... 134 9... 136 III
1.1 2002 /... 2 2.1... 9 2.2... 9 2.3... 19 3.1... 35 3.2... 37 3.3... 39 4.1... 43 4.2... 43 4.3... 50 5.1... 57 5.2... 57 5.3... 58 5.4 CRONBACH S... 59 5.5 CRONBACH S... 60 5.6... 61 5.6... 61 5.7... 62 5.7... 63 5.7... 63 5.8... 64 5.8... 64 5.9... 65 5.9... 65 5.10... 66 5.10... 66 5.11... 67 5.11... 67 5.12... 68 5.12... 68 IV
5.13... 69 5.13... 70 5.14... 71 5.15... 71 5.16... 72 5.17... 73 5.18... 74 5.19 T... 74 5.20... 75 5.21 T... 75 5.22... 76 5.23 T... 76 5.24... 77 5.25 T... 78 5.26... 78 5.27 T... 79 5.28... 79 5.29 T... 80 5.30... 81 5.31 T... 81 5.32... 82 5.33 T... 82 5.34... 84 5.35 /... 86 V
1.1... 2 1.2... 5 2.1... 13 3.1... 33 VI
1.1 1994 1964 1994 1995 1995 1998 1999 1.1 2000 2002 101 1
1.1 1.1 1.1 2002 / 2
1.2 1970 1989 1998 1984 1986 1997 1980 1988 1991 1998 1.3 1. benchmark appraisal system 2. 3
3. 1.4 1.4.1 1. 2. 3. 125 101 226 6 Statistical Package for the Social Science, SPSS 1.4.2 4
1.2 1.2 5
1.5 1.5.1 1996 2001 1994 1.5.2 1. 2. 6
2.1 1994 1999 2002 1964 1300 10 600 2002 2.1 1975 1981 :1 2 7
3 1994 1995 1995 1995 1 2 3 2002 2.2 8
9 2.1 1975 1981 1994 1995 1995 1995 2002 2.2 1975 1981 1980 1991 1995 1998 1998 1992 1994 1995 1998 2000 1997 2000
2.2 benchmark appraisal system 2.2.1 benchmark lots standard lots benchmark appraisalcontrol point benchmark lots 1997 192 10
1994 1998 152 2.2.2 1997 1970 11
1 2 3 4 1998 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 2.1 12
2.1 13
2.3 1970 1989 2002 1998 2.3.1 1. 1970 : 2. 0.4 1 14
3. 1 2 3 1 1 15
( ) 4 a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. 4. 1 16
17 1 2 ( 1 1 ) 2 ( ) 3 4 5 6 2.3.2 1. : 1
2 3 4 5 2. 1 : a. b. c. 18
2 3 100 2.3 20 2.3 3.0 2.7 2.3 9.0 8.0 6.2 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.1 1.0 1.7 1.7 1.1 1.0 100 1998 4 19
15000 1/5000 1/25000 5 ( 1 1 ) 30 3. : 1 20
2 3 4 5 6 30 30 4. 5. :1 2 21
2.4 1980 1 2 3 1984 1984 9 1 1985 3 31 1986 1986 3 1 1987 6 30 9 30 19271 128 208 1 2 3 4 1988 22
23 1991 1991 1 2 3 1995 1 2 3 4 5 1997 1 2 3 4 1997
1997 3 1998 6 52 2196 19 133 237 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 1998 1998 63 15 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 24
8 9 10 1999 9 37 25
3.1 3.1.1 Institution 2001 1998 2000 Maurice Hauriou1965 leading idea 1996 North1992 26
2000 Weinberger1996 1999 Chisholm, Donald1995 1 2 3 4 5 6 2001 27
3.1.2 Riker1980 Simon 1957 (Simon, 1957) (Cohen, March, & Olsen, 1972) 1998 Thomas1998 1996 Kingdon,1995 1996 28
29 1998 Schneider1982 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 1995 1970 Contingent Valuation Survey Method, CV 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 2000 2001 Feasibility Study 1
beliefs site 1993 1992 1999 1 30
2 1999 2001 1999 1999 2001 1999 31
House1980 1996 2001 4 3 3 2 2 2 16 3.2 3.1 32
3.1 33
3.3 King, Keohane & Verba1994 2000 3.3.1 1994 Bainbridge1989 1 2 3 4 1994 1 2 3 34
35 12 3.1 3.1
3.3.2 125 101 226 1. 1994 2. Scale 2002 Likert 1 2 3 4 5 36
2002 3. 6 16 3.2 3.3 132 16 131 1 17 3.2 37
6 10 38
3.3 39
3 5 40
3.4 9 128 3.4.1 9 3.4.2 SPSS for Windows 10.0 : 1. (Descriptive Statistics) frequency distribution (proportions) (meam) (standard deviation) 2. (Reliability Analysis) ( 2002) (consistency) 41
(stability)( 2002) Cronbach s α 3. t (One-Samples t Test) t ( 2002) 4. t (Independent-Samples t Test) t ( 2002) 42
2002 12 9 4.1 4.2 3.1 12 4.1 / 4.2 / 2002.12.12 0920 1030 2002.12.12 1330 1430 2002.12.12 1520 1640 2002.12.13 1030 1110 2002.12.13 1540 1620 2002.12.16 0830 0940 2002.12.16 1030 1200 2002.12.16 1640 1720 2002.12.19 1030 1150 43
4.1 4.1.1 1993 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2 8 9 10 11 12 13 2 14 15 16 17 18 2 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 3 27 2 28 2 44
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 4.1.2 Schulman,1988 1998 1986 3 1 2 45
3 4.1.3 1992 2001 1 3 2 3 4 5 6 46
4.1.4 1 3 2 2 3 4 5 6 4.1.5 1 2 2 3 47
4 5 6 2 7 4.1.6 1994 Hayes1978 1 2 3 5 10 4 3 5 6 7 48
4.1.7 1 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 6 7 49
4.3 4.3 1987 1991 1994 1997 2000 3179 2164 611 65 61 1417 1276 988 285 203 - - 4429 1667 1332 2761 3330 3264 3441 396-651 700 842 739 98 159 163 198 101-78 89 20 20 85 85 85 85 85 467 716 1416 423 423 2720 2180 2188 2178 684 2429 2819 2805 2145 1830 345 430 255 255 202-1521 1483 1120 320 1593 1339 1766 1934 1572 2000 1610 1800 2000 1700 4.1.8 1 2 3 4 5 6 50
1 2 3 3 5 6 10 4 5 4.1.9 1 2 3 4 5 1. 2. 51
3. 4. 5. 1 2 3 4 4.1.10 52
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 4.2 1. 1 2 3 4 53
2. 1986 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 54
9. 10. 11. 12. 55
SPSS 10.0 t t 5.1 125 101 226 2003 3 3 226 3 31 84 8 76 60.8 55 3 52 51.5 5.1 5.2 5.3 1. 63.2 36.8 88.5 11.5 2. 41 50 47.4 51 60 27.6 31 40 21.1 30 3.9 31 40 57.7 41 50 30.8 51 60 9.6 30 1.9 3. 52.6 31.6 10.5 5.3 61.5 32.7 5.8 4. 6 10 25 56
3 5 19.7 11 15 18.4 2 15.8 16 20 9.2 6 10 42.3 16 20 21.2 11 15 17.3 3 5 15.4 2 21 1.9 5. 15.8 28.8 6. 50 27.6 15.8 3.9 2.6 57.7 21.2 19.2 1.9 7. 80.8 19.2 5.1 125 84 8 76 60.8 101 55 3 52 51.5 226 139 11 128 56.6 5.2 48 63.2 28 36.8 30 3 3.9 31 40 16 21.1 41 50 36 47.4 51 60 21 27.6 61 0 0 4 5.3 24 31.6 40 52.6 8 10.5 2 12 15.8 57
3 5 15 19.7 6 10 19 25.0 11 15 14 18.4 16 20 7 9.2 21 9 11.8 12 15.8 64 84.2 3 3.9 12 15.8 38 50.0 21 27.6 2 2.6 5.3 46 88.5 6 11.5 30 1 1.9 31 40 30 57.7 41 50 16 30.8 51 60 5 9.6 61 0 0 0 0 3 5.8 32 61.5 17 32.7 2 1 1.9 3 5 8 15.4 6 10 22 42.3 11 15 9 17.3 16 20 11 21.2 21 1 1.9 15 28.8 37 71.2 0 0 1 1.9 11 21.2 30 57.7 58
10 19.2 42 80.8 10 19.2 5.2 Cronbach s α α 0.8436 α 0.8687 α 0.6703 α 0.6640 α 0.8069 α 0.6607 α 0.8050 α 0.6247 0.50 0.70 0.70 0.90 α 5.4 5.5 5.4 Cronbach s α α 0.8436 59
0.6703 0.8069 0.8050 5.5 Cronbach s α α 0.8687 0.6640 0.6607 0.6247 0.5 100 2002 Gorsuch1983 Comrey1973 100 200 60
5.3 5.3.1 5.6 3.75 3.87 3.79 3.91 3.83 3.42 5.6 - - 2 2.6 1 1.3 - - 5 6.6 1 1.3 4 5.3 2 2.6 17 22.4 7 9.2 13 17.1 12 15.8 46 60.5 61 80.3 53 69.7 58 76.3 8 10.5 5 6.6 5 6.6 4 5.3 76 100 76 100 76 100 76 100 3.75 3.87 3.75 3.84 0.000* 0.000* 0.000* 0.000* *P<0.05 5.6 - - - - 1 1.3 2 2.6 61
5 6.6 5 6.6 5 6.6 7 9.2 18 23.7 12 15.8 20 26.3 26 34.2 41 53.9 44 57.9 30 39.5 39 51.3 12 15.8 15 19.7 20 26.3 2 2.6 76 100 76 100 76 100 76 100 3.79 3.91 3.83 3.42 0.000* 0.000* 0.000* 0.000* *P<0.05 5.7 4.21 3.98 4.44 4.58 3.944.38 4.29 5.7 - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 5.8 1 1.9 1 1.9 1 1.9 1 1.9 10 19.2 32 61.5 29 55.8 28 53.8 30 57.7 19 36.5 22 42.3 20 38.5 11 21.2 52 100 52 100 52 100 52 100 4.35 4.40 4.25 3.98 0.000* 0.000* 0.000* 0.000* 62
*P<0.05 5.7 - - - - - - 1 1.9 1 1.9 1 1.9 1 1.9 2 3.8 4 7.7 2 3.8 1 1.9 10 19.2 30 57.7 22 42.3 17 32.7 25 48.1 17 32.7 27 51.9 33 63.5 14 26.9 52 100 52 100 52 100 52 100 4.21 4.44 4.58 3.94 0.000* 0.000* 0.000* 0.000* *P<0.05 5.7 - - - - - - - - - - 3 5.8 32 61.5 31 59.6 20 38.5 18 34.6 52 100 52 100 4.38 4.29 0.000* 0.000* *P<0.05 5.3.2 5.8 3.09 3.11 63
2.99 3.54 3.45 5.8 3 3.9 4 5.3 6 7.9 12 15.8 14 18.4 15 19.7 38 50.0 31 40.8 32 42.1 21 27.6 24 31.6 20 26.3 2 2.6 3 3.9 3 3.9 76 100 76 100 76 100 3.09 3.11 2.99 0.340 0.328 0.906 *P<0.05 5.8 - - - - 6 7.9 8 10.5 28 36.8 30 39.5 37 48.7 34 44.7 5 6.6 4 5.3 76 100 76 100 3.54 3.45 0.000* 0.000* *P<0.05 5.9 3.94 64
2.62 2.58 4.44 4.40 5.9 - - 3 5.8 4 7.7 1 1.9 20 38.5 22 42.3 11 21.2 23 44.2 19 36.5 30 57.7 6 11.5 6 11.5 10 19.2 - - 1 1.9 52 100 52 100 52 100 3.94 2.62 2.58 0.000* 0.001* 0.001* *P<0.05 5.9 - - - - - - - - 3 5.8 3 5.8 23 44.2 25 48.1 26 50.0 24 46.2 52 100 52 100 4.44 4.40 0.000* 0.000* *P<0.05 65
5.3.3 5.10 3.55 3.33 3.14 3.00 3.53 3.55 5.10 2 2.6 - - 2 2.6 5 6.6 11 14.5 9 11.8 26 34.2 43 56.6 31 40.8 35 46.1 22 28.9 30 39.5 8 10.5 - - 4 5.3 76 100 76 100 76 100 3.55 3.14 3.33 0.000* 0.055 0.001* *P<0.05 5.10 4 5.3 2 2.6 - - 17 22.4 6 7.9 6 7.9 31 40.8 23 30.3 28 36.8 23 30.3 40 52.6 36 47.4 66
1 1.3 5 6.6 6 7.9 76 100 76 100 76 100 3.00 3.53 3.55 1.000 0.000* 0.000* *P<0.05 5.11 4.19 3.94 4.48 5.11 - - - - 8 15.4 - - 2 3.8 25 48.1 5 9.6 11 21.2 17 32.7 32 61.5 27 51.9 2 3.8 15 28.8 12 23.1 - - 52 100 52 100 52 100 4.19 3.94 2.25 0.000* 0.000* 0.000* *P<0.05 5.11 2 3.8 - - 19 36.5 - - 22 42.3 1 1.9 67
9 17.3 25 48.1 - - 26 50.0 52 100 52 100 2.74 4.48 0.018* 0.000* *P<0.05 5.3.4 2.29 2.59 5.12 17 22.4 24 31.6 15 19.7 21 27.6 38 50.0 43 56.6 25 32.9 39 51.3 17 22.4 7 9.2 22 28.9 11 14.5 4 5.3 2 2.6 14 18.4 5 6.6 - - - - - - - - 76 100 76 100 76 100 76 100 2.11 1.83 2.46 2.00 0.000* 0.000* 0.000* 0.000* *P<0.05 5.12 10 13.2 15 19.7 6 7.9 68
13 17.1 30 39.5 29 38.2 21 27.6 25 32.9 31 40.8 30 39.5 6 7.9 10 13.2 2 2.6 - - - - 76 100 76 100 76 100 3.01 2.29 2.59 0.917 0.000* 0.000* *P<0.05 5.13 3 5 3 28.9 36.5 44.2 4.04 3.69 5.13 8 15.4 5 9.6 4 7.7 7 13.5 14 26.9 19 36.5 22 42.3 16 30.8 18 34.6 11 21.2 13 25.0 8 15.4 4 7.7 4 7.7 3 5.8 52 100 52 100 52 100 2.92 2.94 2.75 0.627 0.709 0.079 69
5.13 1 1.9 1 1.9 2 3.8 5 9.6 6 11.5 10 19.2 28 53.8 29 55.8 15 28.8 7 13.5 52 100 52 100 4.04 3.69 0.000* 0.000* *P<0.05 5.3.5 5.14 5.15 2.46 15.8 3.13 3.92 81.6 5.3.2 4.42 94.6 5.3.2 70
4.31 94.3 3.34 13.1 5.14 8 10.5 - - 1 1.3 38 50.0 2 2.6 9 11.8 18 23.7 12 15.8 31 40.8 11 14.5 52 68.4 33 43.4 1 1.3 10 13.2 2 2.6 76 100 76 100 76 100 2.46 3.92 3.34 0.000* 0.000* 0.000* *P<0.05 5.15 7 13.5 - - - - 9 17.3 1 1.9 1 1.9 12 23.1 2 3.8 2 3.8 18 34.6 23 44.2 29 55.8 6 11.5 26 50.0 20 38.5 52 100 52 100 52 100 3.13 4.42 4.31 *P<0.05 0.436 0.000* 0.000* 71
5.3.6 5.16 5.17 1.3 3.8 4.13 4.00 78.9 73.1 3.79 3.71 2.75 2.77 5.16 - - 2 2.6 3 3.9 1 1.3 5 6.6 37 48.7 5 6.6 9 11.8 17 22.4 53 59.7 51 67.1 14 18.4 17 22.4 9 11.8 5 6.6 76 100 76 100 76 100 4.13 3.79 2.75 0.000* 0.000* 0.036* 72
*P<0.05 5.17 - - 2 3.8 2 3.8 2 3.8 8 15.4 21 40.4 7 13.5 4 7.7 17 32.7 32 61.5 27 51.9 11 21.2 11 21.2 11 21.2 1 1.9 52 100 52 100 52 100 4.00 3.71 2.77 0.000* 0.000* 0.070 *P<0.05 5.4 5.3 SPSS t 5.4.1 5.18 73
5.19 t t 5.18 76 3.77 52 4.28 76 3.06 52 4.26 76 3.31 52 4.21 76 2.33 52 3.27 76 2.46 52 3.13 76 3.34 52 4.31 5.19 t Levene t f p t p 0.640 0.425-5.869 0.000* -6.062 0.000* 3.723 0.056-10.549 0.000* -11.309 0.000* 2.046 0.155-8.681 0.000* -9.054 0.000* 0.002 0.968-8.601 0.000* -8.495 0.000* 6.494 0.012* -3.542 0.001* -3.341 0.001* 3.346 0.070-7.403 0.000* -7.667 0.000* *P<0.05 74
5.4.2 5.20 5.21 t t 5.20 94 34 4.06 3.74 94 34 3.75 2.99 94 34 2.79 3.34 94 34 2.80 2.46 94 34 2.81 2.53 94 34 3.82 3.50 5.21 t Levene t f p t p 1.118 0.292 3.018 0.003* 2.717 0.009* 0.466 0.496 4.760 0.000* 4.955 0.000* 0.310 0.579 3.236 0.002* 3.235 0.002* 75
2.042 0.156 2.258 0.026* 2.557 0.013* 3.056 0.083 1.266 0.208 1.402 0.165 0.585 0.446 1.862 0.065 2.087 0.040* *P<0.05 5.4.3 5.22 40 41 5.23 t t 5.22 41 40 78 50 3.89 4.11 41 40 78 50 3.41 3.77 41 40 78 50 3.56 3.84 41 40 78 50 2.59 2.90 41 40 78 50 2.67 2.84 41 40 78 50 3.64 3.88 5.23 t 76
Levene t f p t p 0.103 0.749-2.187 0.031* -2.145 0.034* 0.001 0.973-2.313 0.022* -2.306 0.023* 0.005 0.943-2.185 0.031* -2.179 0.032* 0.636 0.427-2.259 0.026* -2.217 0.029* 1.975 0.162-0.865 0. 001* -0.838 0.001* 1.054 0.307-1.534 0.000* -1.526 0.000* *P<0.05 5.4.4 5.24 5.25 t t 5.24 97 4.03 31 3.81 97 3.65 31 3.25 97 3.71 31 3.55 97 2.77 31 2.53 97 2.78 31 2.58 77
97 31 3.82 3.45 5.25 t Levene t f p t p 0.054 0.816 2.036 0.044* 2.036 0.047* 0.160 0.690 2.271 0.025* 2.173 0.035* 0.262 0.610 1.134 0.259 1.130 0.264 2.116 0.148 1.491 0.138 1.723 0.089 1.043 0.309 0.889 0.376 0.955 0.344 2.391 0.125 2.120 0.036* 2.003 0.051 *P<0.05 5.4.5 5.26 6 5 5.27 t t 5.26 6 5 92 36 3.99 3.93 6 5 92 36 3.62 3.38 6 5 92 36 3.69 3.63 78
6 5 6 5 6 5 92 36 92 36 92 36 2.76 2.59 2.76 2.67 3.75 3.69 5.27 t Levene t f p t p 0.352 0.554 0.552 0.582 0.612 0.542 1.701 0.195 1.395 0.166 1.542 0.127 2.501 0.116 0.470 0.639 0.496 0.621 0.075 0.785 1.070 0.286 1.076 0.286 0.493 0.484 0.432 0.666 0.449 0.655 0.011 0.918 0.326 0.745 0.321 0.749 *P<0.05 5.4.6 5.28 5.29 t t 5.28 63 4.09 79
65 3.87 63 65 4.06 3.05 63 65 3.99 3.37 63 65 2.91 2.51 63 65 3.00 2.48 63 65 3.97 3.51 5.29 t Levene t f p t p 2.023 0.157 2.341 0.021* 2.335 0.021* 1.296 0.257 8.146 0.000* 8.168 0.000* 0.545 0.462 5.384 0.000* 5.390 0.000* 0.074 0.786 3.030 0.003* 3.030 0.003* 1.278 0.260 2.746 0.007* 2.741 0.007* 1.012 0.316 3.114 0.002* 3.111 0.002* *P<0.05 5.4.7 5.30 5.31 t t 80
5.30 27 101 4.21 3.91 27 101 3.91 3.45 27 101 3.94 3.60 27 101 2.83 2.68 27 101 2.74 2.73 27 101 4.11 3.63 5.31 t Levene t f p t p 0.120 0.730 2.540 0.012* 2.756 0.008* 0.473 0.493 2.513 0.013* 2.587 0.013* 0.859 0.356 2.176 0.031* 2.327 0.025* 0.291 0.590 0.909 0.365 0.435 1.371 0.511 0.244 0.986 0.034 0.032 2.606 2.835 0.329 0.973 0.975 0.010* 0.007* *P<0.05 81
5.4.8 5.32 5.33 t t 5.32 42 10 4.33 4.09 42 10 4.32 4.03 42 10 4.26 3.97 42 10 3.30 3.14 42 10 3.10 3.30 42 10 4.33 4.20 5.33 t Levene t f p t p 0.278 0.600 1.581 0.120 1.716 0.107 2.168 0.147 1.689 0.097 1.928 0.072 1.084 0.303 1.729 0.090 1.810 0.091 0.750 0.390 0.714 0.478 0.632 0.539 0.156 0.695-0.467 0.643-0.493 0.629 82
1.174 0.284 0.586 0.439 *P<0.05 0.561 0.669 5.5 76 52 28 19 5.34 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 83
12. 5.34 84
85
86 5.6 5.28 5.30 5.35 5.35 / 3.77 4.28-3.06 4.26-3.31 4.21
- 2.33 3.27-2.46 3.13-3.34 4.31-87
6.1 1. 2. 88
3.. 4. 5. 89
6. 7. 8. 90
6.2 6.2.1 1. 2. 3. 30 91
4. 5. 6.2.2 1. 2. 1986 3. 92
4. 5. 6. 93
6.3 1. 2. 3. 94
1. 1988 2. 2002 3. 2002 4. 1994. 5. 1998 6. 2000 7. 1996 8. 1994 13-18 9. 1997 10. 2001 11. 1977 12. 1999 13. 1999 95
14. 1993 15. 1995 1-8 16. 1997 163 4-6 17. 1980 69 108-109 18. 2002 SPSS10.0 19. 2001 20. 2000 21. 1998 22. 2002 23. 1998 24. (1975) 25. 1994 7 2 25-36 26. 1993 730 74-89 27. 1998 28. 1999 23 4 6-15 96
29. 1999 51-61 30. 1994 6-12 31. 1998 150 29-36 32. 2000 Q & A 33. (1997) 192 34. 1991 35. 1991 ( ) 36. 1992 37. 2002 1 4 124 38. 1999 186 9-11 39. 1995 13-20 40. 1995 115 22-25 41. 1994 2 59-70 97
42. (1995) 225 13-18 43. 1998 7 4 155-188 44.Cohen, March, & Olsen (1972). A Garbage Can Model of Organizational Choice. Administrative Science Quarterly, 17(2), 1-25. 45.Kingdon, John W. (1995). Agendas, Alternatives, and Politics. New YorkHarper Collins College Publishers. 46.North, Douglass C. (1992). Transaction Costs, Institutions, and Economic Performance. San FranciscoICS Press 1992. 47.Riker, William H. (1980). Implications from the disequilibrium of majority rule for the study of institutions. American Political Science Review,74(3): 432-447. 48.Schulman, P. R. (1988). The Politics of Ideational Policy. Journal of Politics, 50, 263-291. 49.Simon, Herbert A. (1957). Administrative Behavior. New YorkFree Press. 50.Thomas, R. Dye (1998). Understanding Public Policy9th ed.. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 98
99
5 073373495 100
v 101
102
32. 103
v 104
5 073373495 105
v 106
107
108
v 109
1 1 2 3 1 3 5000 ABC 3 6000 20 % 110
6 12 3 111
4/1 10/1 2 2 0.4 1 2 1 112
113
2 1. 1 2 3 4 1 / 2 114
5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 115
1 2 3 4 116
3 117
118
1 119
4 120
121
5 122
123
6 1 2 124
125
1 2 3 4 5 126
127
1 2 3 4 5 128
7 129
5 10 130
10 5 10 3 5 1 10 2 1 2 3 131
10 % 12 % 3 4 5 132
133
8 1 2 134
135
9 1 2 136
137
138