039 CIP /. 2004. 9 ISBN 7-5025-5897-7 Ⅰ. Ⅱ. Ⅲ. - Ⅳ. F724. 73 CIP 2004 094513 3 100029 010 64982530 http / /www. cip. com. cn 787mm 1092mm 1 /16 14 257 2004 9 1 2004 9 1 ISBN 7-5025-5897-7 /R 249 28. 00
2004 7
1!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 1!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 1!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 1!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 2!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 2!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 4 4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 5!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 8 8!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 11!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 14!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 14 14!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 14!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 15!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 16 17!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 17!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 18!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 19 20!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 21 21!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 22!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 22!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 24 25!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 26 26!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 26!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 27 28!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 29 29!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 30!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 31 31!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 31 35!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 35 35!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 36!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 36!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 37 37!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 37!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 38!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 39!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 40!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 40!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 41 41!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 42!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 43!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 44!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 45!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 46!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 47 48!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 50!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 51 53!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 53 53!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 54!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 56 56!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 57!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 60!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 60 60!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 61!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 66!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 69!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 69 69!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 72!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 75!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 77!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 78!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 79 79!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 81!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 84!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 88!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 89 89!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 92!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 96!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 99 99!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 102!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 106!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 111!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 113!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 113 114!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 116!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 116 116!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 117!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 119!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 121!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 123 123!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 127!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 129!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 131 131!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 132!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 132!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 133!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 135 135!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 136!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 139!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 146!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 146 146!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 147!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 150!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 151!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 153 153!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 155!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 156!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 158 158!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 158!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 159!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 162 165!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 165 165!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 166!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 167!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 168!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 169 169!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 169!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 171!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 172!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 173 174!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 175!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 178!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 180!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 181 181!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 182!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 184!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 184!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 186!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 186!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 190 K!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 195!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 199!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 203!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 206!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 210!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 213 216!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
marketing 1
1. 2. 2
= + + 3
1931-4
19 20 5
20 20 1929 20 50 20 50 6
1957 20 70 7
1 2 3 4 20 70 1-1 1-1 8
1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 9
2. 3. 4. 5. 10
1 2 3 4 11
12
500mg 1 25mg 1 13
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 14
6. 1. OTC 2. 1. 5 3 3. 4. GMP GSP 2000 7 5. 15
6. 2000 7. WTO WTO 2003 WHO 1998 self-care self-medication 16
1. Nonprescription Drug Over The Counter Drug OTC OTC 2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 3. 1 2 / 4. 1 OTC 2 3 17
1. 2. 3. 4. 1998 450 1998 3000 15% 1971 WSMI 60 2002 8 1 OTC OTC OTC OTC OTC 2 OTC 18
3 OTC OTC OTC OTC 4 OTC 5 OTC 1. OTC OTC OTC 2. OTC OTC OTC OTC OTC OTC OTC OTC 19
13% 2 /3 3. OTC OTC OTC 4. OTC OTC 2 OTC 5. OTC OTC 1. 3 2. 3. 1995 4283 2000 6280 5. 7% 1995 3538 2000 4998 5% 20
4. 2000 3 5 1 /3 2991 61. 6% 5. 6. 1997 175 25 7: 1 1 /3 90% 2 /3 10% 1. Prescription Drug Ethical Drug Rx 2. 1 21
2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1. 1 22
2 3 OTC 2. 1 8 34 2 15% ~ 20% 3% 3 4 3. 1 23
AIDS 2 3 10% 30% 15% 4 4. 2002 12 1 1. 1 24
1995 Ⅱ 2 2. 3. 25
4326 20 80 20 5000 20000 1000 20 20 80 10 2000 500 70% 21 1. 2. 22 26
1. 2. 3. 81% 80% 4. 5. 6. 27
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 28 1. 20 5
12% 30% 2000 500 2010 1000 21 2. 3. DNA 1. 1 2 3 4 29
2. 1 2 3 1. 2003 80. 35 70% 47. 9% C 2. 2002 2. 2 70% 1. 59 C 4 3 35% 3. 1 2 3 30
4 5 6 1. 1000 2003 2. 3. 2000 31
2000 6% 10% 1. 70 158 2000 57. 22% 29. 33% 13. 45% 158 35. 78% 11. 43% 8. 17% 7. 7% 5. 49% 42. 38% 41. 27% 11. 63% 2003 10 5 2. 32
3. 4. OTC 2000 47% 10 2000 6. 78% 4. 13% 17. 62% 10 10. 82% 12. 52% 5. 97. 4% WTO 4 ~ 10 500 ~ 600 33
6. 80% 12% ~ 14% 1: 9 34
1. 2. 3. 35
36
37
1 2 3 1. 38
2. 3. 4. 1 2 3 4 5 39
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 40
4 5 6 1. 2000 11 80 2001 10% 41
2% 2. WTO 3. 1. 8000 ~ 9000 42
2. 4 3. 1. 2. 43
1857 = 3. 1 2 3 44
20 50 60 ~ 70 70 ~ 80 1. 1 45
2050 2 600 1200 2. 1 1 /2 1 /3 70% 2 46
1. 300 2. 3. WTO 47
WTO 90% 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 48
1. 2. 3. 4. 49
1. 2. 50
1. 3000 2. 3. 4. 51
52
1. Wendell R. Smith 20 50 T 6. 5 2. 53
1. 54
2. 1 2 3. 4. 5. 6. 55
1. 2. 3. 4. 56
1 2 5. 1. 1 2 3 4 OTC 5 57
2. OTC OTC OTC Scott- Levin 50% OTC OTC OTC 1 2040 2 3 4 58
5 3. 1 2 3 4. 1 2 OTC 3 4 OTC 5 59
1. K 2. 9 3. 4-1 4-1 60
1. 1 2 2. 1 2 4-2 1. 2. 61
4-2 a b c d e 3. 4. 5. 62
1. 20 60 6. 5 2. 63
3. 64
1. 2. 3. 4. 65
5. 6. 1972 OTC 66
1 2 3 4 OTC 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 67
1. 2. 3. 4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 68
5-1 5-1 1. 2. 69
3. 1. 2. 1 2 3 4 5-2 5-3 a 5-3 b 5-3 c 70
5-2 5-3 3. 1 2 3 71
1. 2. 3. 4 3 5 3 1 72
1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 73
5. 6. 1. 1 3 1 2 3 2 74 1 2
2. 3. AMA 1. 2. 3. 1 2 3 4 75
5 1 2 3 4 5 6 1. 1 2 3 4 2. 1 999 2 3 76
3. 4. 1 2 1 2 3 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1 2 6. 77
10 100 1000 7. 1. 2. 3. 4. 1 2 3 78
1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 79
4. 1. 1 2 = > 1 < 1 = 1 80
3 2. 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 3. 1 2 3 81
1. = 1 + 20 10 15% 1 = 200000 + 100000 = = 30 10000 = 30 1 + 15% = 34. 5 2. = + 50 2 10 500000 + 100000 = = 30 20000 82
3. 0 = + 15 20 5000 = 150000 + 20 = 30 + 20 = 50 5000 50 4. = + 20 40 5000 10 40 5000 + 100000 = = 60 5000 83
1. 1 2 3 1 2 3 2. 3. 1. 84
2. 1. 1 2 3 1 2 2. 1 2 3. 85
1. 6 5. 9 2. 3. 4. 10 8 5. 86
1. 2. 30 10 3% 3. 4. 1. 2. 87
3. 4. 5. 1. 1 2 2. 1 2 88
3. 1. 2. 1 2 3 89
5-4 5-4 1. 5-1 5-1 90
OTC OTC 2. 3. 1 2 1 91
2 3 4 B-to-B B-to-C EDI 1. 1 2 3 92
4 2. 1 2 3 4 3. 4. 5. 1 2 3 4 6. 93
7. 1 2 3 4 1. 2. 1 2 3 3. 94
4. 1. 2. 95
3. 5-5 5-6 3 3 9 3 5-5 5-6 96
1. 1 50% ~ 60% 2 3 2. 97
1 2 3 1 2 3 1. 1 2 3 4 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 1. 1 2 98
2. 1. 2. 3. 99
5-2 5-2 1. 2. 5-7 3. 5-3 100
5-7 4. 5-3 1 2 3 5. 1. 5-8 5-8 101
2. 5-9 5-9 20 ~ 30 4P 1981 1. 18 2001 795 675 2000 712 74. 29 10. 52% 1 2 3 4 1 2001 12 1 102
2 3 4 5 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1. 2. 3. 4. 1 2 3 103
4 5 POP POP 6 5-4 5-4 1. 1 104 1
35% OTC 5: 1 OTC OTC POP 2 3 2 5 2. 60% 1 105
2 3 20 1. = 100% 2. 106
1. public relation 2. 1 2 3 4 107
3. 1 2 2003 6 1 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 6 108
1. 2. 3. 1 2003 2 3 1 2 3 109
4 4 2 ~ 3 5 4. 1 2 3 4 5 5 110
5 1. OTC 2. 1. 1 1 2 111
3 4 5 2 1 2 3 2. 3. 112 4.
5. 1 2 3 113
1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3% 114
3. 4. 1 2 3 4 5. 6. 115
0. 02% ~ 1% 1. 116
2. 3. 4. 1. 117
2. 3. 4. 5. 118
1. 2. 3. 119
1. 2. 3. 120
4. 1. 2. 3. 1. 121
2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1. 122
2. 3. 4. 1. 123
2. 1 2 3 4 5 124
3. 1. 2. 1 2 3 4 125
1. 1 2 3 4 2. 126
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 127
4 5 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 128
1 2 1. 129
2. 3. 1. 2. 130
3 GMP 1 2 1 3 3 4 5 adverse drug reactions ADR WHO 133
1 2 ADR ADR ADR 1986 1999 ADR ADR 1 2 134
1. 1 5 2 5 2. 1 2 5 15 3 4 15 ADR 1. 2. 135
3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 136
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 6-1 6-1 137
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 138
1. 1 2 3 2. 6-1 139
6-1 250 0. 3 140 0. 5 80 0. 2 161 200 0. 2 110 0. 5 90 0. 3 122 200 0. 2 100 0. 6 75 0. 2 115 180 0. 2 100 0. 6 75 0. 2 111 175 0. 2 90 0. 6 70 0. 2 103 = 5 161 + 122 + 115 + 111 + 103 /5 = 122. 4 3 2 1 161 3 +122 2 +115 2 +111 1 +103 1 / 3 +2 +2 +1 +1 =130. 1 3. 1 2 20 40 1 2 3 140
1. 1 x n + 1 = x 1 + x 2 + x 3 + + x n /N = x i! N x n + 1 n + 1 x 1 x 2 x n N 2003 1 ~ 6 25 22 20 19 23 19 7 7 = 25 + 22 + 20 + 19 + 23 + 19 /6 = 21. 3 2 x n + 1 = f i x i / f i x n + 1 n + 1 x i f i i i = 1 2 3 n 141
3 35 32 38 0. 25 0. 35 0. 40 = 35 0. 25 +32 0. 35 +38 0. 40 / 0. 25 +0. 35 +0. 40 =35. 15 3 = + + 1 /2 2002 6-2 1 2 2003 1 N = 3 N = 5 6-2 3 5 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 100 120 180 190 210 200 170 180 210 230 210 230 3 133. 3 163. 3 193. 3 200. 3 193. 3 183. 3 186. 7 206. 7 216. 7 223. 3 2 4 + 30. 0 + 30. 0 + 6. 7-6. 7-10. 0 + 3. 4 + 20. 0 + 10. 0 + 6. 6 5 + 22. 2 + 10. 0-3. 3-4. 4 + 4. 5 + 11. 1 + 12. 2 6 160 180 190 190 194 198 200 212 3 7 + 20 + 10 0 + 4 + 4 + 12 + 12 8 + 7. 6 + 4. 0 + 4. 4 2003 247. 7 225. 2 N 3 6 142
1 ~ 3 100 + 120 + 180 /3 = 133. 3 2 4 7 3 163. 3-133. 3 = 30. 0 4 32 5 8 3 30. 0 + 30. 0 + 6. 7 /3 = 22. 2 5 N = 3 223. 3 2003 1 2 N + 1 /2 12. 2 N = 3 2003 1 = 223. 3 + 2 12. 2 = 247. 7 N = 5 6-2 2003 1 = 212 + 3 4. 4 = 225. 2 N N N N N 2. 1997 ~ 2001 6-3 6-4 6-3 1997 ~2001 1997 182 1144 1728 118 3172 1998 231 1208 1705 134 3278 1999 330 1427 1932 132 3821 143
2000 220 1302 1872 130 3524 2001 226 1390 1962 133 3711 1 2 2002 2001 3% 6-4 1189 6471 9199 647 17506 /% 27. 16 147. 86 210. 19 14. 79 400 = 182 + 231 + 330 + 220 + 226 = 1189 3172 + 3278 + 3821 + 3524 + 3711 = 17506 17506 4 = 4376. 5 = 1189 4376. 5 100% = 27. 16% 2002 3711 1 + 3% = 3822. 33 3822. 33 4 = 955. 58 2002 = 955. 58 27. 16% = 259. 54 = 955. 58 147. 86% = 1412. 92 = 955. 58 210. 19% = 2008. 53 = 955. 58 14. 79% = 141. 33 3. 144 y = a + bx y x a b
a b 0 y i = na + b x i x i y i = a x i + b x 2 i â = y i n - b x i n b = n x iy i - x i y i n x 2 i - x i 2 x x i = 0 x = 0 x = - 1 x = 1 a b a = y i /n b = x i y i / x 2 i 1997 ~ 2001 560 620 685 747 800 2002 y x n n = 5 6-5 6-5 x y xy x 2 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001-2 - 1 0 1 2 560 620 685 740 800-1120 - 620 0 740 1600 4 1 0 1 4 0 3405 600 10 a = y i /n = 3405 /5 = 681 b = x i y i / x 2 i = 600 /10 = 60 y i = 681 + 60x i 2002 3 x i = 3 2002 y 3 = 681 + 60 3 = 861 145
x = - 1 x = 1 2 x = - 3 x = 3 2 146
1. 20 30 7-1a 2. 20 30 7-1b 3. 147
7-1c 4. 7-1d 7-1 5. 148
1. 7-2 7-2 2. 7-3 7-3 149
3. 7-4 7-4 4. 150
5. - - 1. 2. 3. RX OTC 2000 RX OTC 49 19. 4% 2005 120 151
OTC OTC RX 1. 1 2 3 4 152
5 2. 1 2 3 153
4 7-5 7-5 154 1.
2. 3. 4. 5. 155
1. 2. 3. 3 ~ 5 4. 5. 156
+ 1. 2000 J J J 157
J J 2. 10 4 6 21 185 1300 60% 800 20000 3. 158
1 2 3 159
1. 30 6 3% 2. 3. 1. 12 10 16. 7% 1 /2 160
1 /2 2. A B C 400 150 50 200 140 55 150 345 A 93% B 110% C 75% C C 1. 2. 90% 3. 1 1 / 161
A B C 3 7-1 7-1 A B C 3200 2500 2000 7500 2200 1700 1400 5100 1000 800 600 2400 100 250 250 600 500 400 100 1000 100 300 150 550 700 950 500 2150 300-150 100 250 7-1 A C B B B B C B B 1. 1 2 3 4 5 162
2. 1 2 3 4 5 10 ~ 20 6 3 ~ 5 10 3. 1 2 3 4 5 4. 1 2 3 4 20 50 20 70 1 2 3 163
4 1. 3 4 1 2 3 4 2. 3. 1. 164
2. 1 2 3 3. 4. 5. 6. 165
20 1. 1985 CLM 1998 CLM 2001 4 GB/1834-2001 166 2.
1. 2. 3. 167
GDP 20% 1. 2. 3. 20 80 168
169
5% ~ 8% 15% 17% 25% ~ 35% 6% 1% 5% 8% ~ 12% 20% 2003 0. 59% 1 5% 2 ~ 6 170 1.
OTC 2003 2. OTC 171
2003 13000 GSP 17000 2002 30 5 10 25 2002 100 10 5 4 59 1 75256 2002 867 850 100 8 9 5 5 ~ 10 50 40 20 70% 2002 10 2003 10 16 1000 10 2004 1 7 172
12000 2003 12 2003 8 21 500 2003 7 1. GSP GSP GSP GSP GSP GSP 2002 2003 2004 GSP 2003 7 GSP 173
GSP 69 1 GSP 6 12000 100 2. BC ES EDI WMS MIS ERP CRM GSP GSP GSP GSP GSP GSP 174
GSP 1. 2. 175
1 2 3 4 5 3. GSP 2 6 176 1.
2001 7 15 10 2. 20 90 1999 155 2000 113 2001 60 0. 65% 225 3. 1 2 3 177
4. 1 ABC ABC A B C A 5% ~ 20% 60% ~ 70% C 60% ~ 70% 15% B A C 20% ~ 30% 20% 2 EOQ EOQ economic order quantity model EOQ 3 178
2003 1. 2. 179
3. 1 2 3 GSP 4 4. 2003 SFDA 180
1 GSP 2 3 4 5 6 GSP GSP 181
182
2000 1. 1 2 3 4 5 ERP 2. 183
OTC 2000 8 2004 4 20 184
B-to-B B-to-C 1994 FDA 2003 9 2000 CA B-to-C 185
EOS BBC Business-Business to Customer 2004 3 RX OTC 186
1994 1. 25 1995 23 1996 80 400% 1993 30 1997 48 1600 1997 200% 1998 100% 1999 50% 20 900 1000 1997 1996 10 1998 3 187
1996 20 ~ 30 1997 600 2000 15 80% 188
1997 1. 4 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 189
1997 190
1986 1996 1 1996 3 1. 2. 1996 3. 191
OTC 4. 5. OTC 1999 2000 8 10 GMP 10 1000 192
10 2004 4 OTC 10 6000 10 1. 2002 4 30 CCK-3 1972 193
2002 3 3 2. 3 3 2200 6000 6000 10 10 194
8 3. 3 195
3 OTC 1 2002 ~ 2003 K K 2001 1 196
K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K 2001 3 365 K K 197
K K K K K K K 25. 5 29. 7 35. 5 K K K 25 K K 3 K 10% K K 2008 K 198
2001 6 K K 8 K K K K K K K K K 200 500 K K K 2001 7 K 200 30% K K K K 199
2000 2001 1 2000 2000 2000 200
2001 2000 2000 201
1. 2000 5 49. 2% 202
43. 7% 34. 7% 33. 4% 29. 0% 2. 3. George Lois 203
2000 21. 36 SDA 2002 1 3 2 100 6 3 2001 3 1985 1000 204
3 8 2001 10 17 ~ 22 30 1998 2000 130 500 90% 205
1994 4 40 4000 2002 17 200 2 GMP 70 2001 5 12 ~ 17 GMP 200 200 2000 1995 206
5 850 50 5 2000 10 2001 GCP /GLP PSB 1994 1995 200 2000 6 26 217 101 CEO 2001 10 207
PPA 6 2000 2001 8 8 3!00 10!00 David Ebsworth 1800 15 208 2000 11
PPA 4 PPA 2001 9 SDA 2002 2 2001 10 76 45 5 10 PPA PPA 3 17 8 100 2 4 20 4. 2 209
6 12 1 5000 2002 1500 100 2002 210
1 45 2 3 10 4 2000 4 1 ~ 6 3 1 15% 211
31. 3% 2 45 20 3 10 6. 5 4 7 1. 8 8 7. 5 6 63% 32% 10 ~ 15 12 12 12. 4 11 12. 5 8% 4 45 10 9-1 9-2 9-1 10 /% 23 17 12 11 9 8 7 6 4 3 9-2 10 /% 20 19 15 12 9 6 6 212 5
5 3 213
5 10 13 13 10 75% 61% 3 25% 39% 6 1 4 10 2 3 4 12 38% 63% 3 10 66% 214
32% 1. 8 1 4 5 6 10 2000 8 4 8 215
10 PM3 1. BPR 2. 3. PM3 216
1. ERP 14% 15% 30% 2 10% 2. 1 ERP 2 ERP 3 4 PM/BMS 5 PM/DBCOPY 2002 217
1.. 2001 2.. 2003 3. OTC. 2001 4. OTC. 2002 5.. 2003 6.. 2003 7.. 2003 8.. 2003 9.. 2. 2000 10.. 2003 11.. 2001 12.. 2001 13.. 2002 14.. 2001 15.. 10. 2001 16.. 2001 17.. 2003 18.. 2003 19.. 1999 20.. 1993 21.. 2. 2002 22.. 1993 23.. 2001 24.. 2003 218