(Asian values) 1997 (Christopher Patten) 1997 1 2 1998 (Amartya Sen) (Orient) 3 4 1994 1 Christopher Patten: East and West: China, Power, and the Futu

* 1997 1

(Asian values) 1997 (Christopher Patten) 1997 1 2 1998 (Amartya Sen) (Orient) 3 4 1994 1 Christopher Patten: East and West: China, Power, and the Future of Asia (NewYork: Times Books, 1998), Caveat Emptor, p. xii 1998 2 Patten: East and West, p. 129. 3 Amartya Sen: Human Rights and Asian Values, The New Republic, Vol. 217, No. 2/3 (July 14/21, 1997), p. 34. 4 Patten: East and West, p. 134. 2

(Fareed Zakaria) 5 5 Fareed Zakaria: Culture Is Destiny: A Conversation with Lee Kuan Yew, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 73, No. 2 (March/ April 1994), p. 113. 1994 3 13-15 10 3

(Max Weber) (Herman Kahn) (Peter L. Berger) 6 7 8 9 10 11 6 Zakaria: Culture Is Destiny, p. 117. 7 1999 190 8 8 9 Beng-Huat Chua : Communi-tarian Ideology and Democracy in Singapore (London: Routledge, 1995), chap. 7 1998 255-325 10 Patten: East and West, p. 148. 11 Zakaria: Culture Is Destiny, p. 111. 4

12 13 14 15 16 12 p. 125 13 1995 558-562 14 577 15 575-576 Zakaria: Culture Is Destiny, p. 119 134-155 16 579 5

17 18 (Daniel A. Bell) (liberal democracy) (illiberal democracy) 19 20 21 22 23 17 581-582 18 565 19 Daniel A. Bell et al.: Towards Illiberal Democracy in Pacific Asia (New York: St. Martin s Press, 1995), chap. 7 20 569 21 570 22 569 6

24 25 26 27 28 29 23 563-564 24 564 25 580 26 575 27 573 28 573-574 29 Zakaria: Culture Is Destiny, p. 112. 7

30 (communitarian democracy) 31 32 33 34 30 582 31 Beng-Huat Chua: Communitarian Ideology and Democracy in Singapore, chap. 9. 32 Patten: East and West, p. 143. 33 p. 140 Sen: Human Rights and Asian Values, pp. 34-35 34 Sen: Human Rights and Asian Values, p. 33. 8

35 36 37 38 1995 8 27 39 40 41 42 43 35 1989 1 4 1988 1991 36 Patten: East and West, pp. 140-143 37 Kim Dae Jung: Is Culture Destiny? - The Myth of Asia s Anti-Democratic Values, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 73, No. 6 (Nov./ Dec. 1994), p. 190. 38 p. 191 39 Lee Teng-hui: Chinese Culture and Political Renewal, Journal of Democracy, Vol. 6. No. 4 (Oct. 1995), pp. 3-8 40 Patten: East and West, p. 154. 41 p. 155 42 p. 173 43 p. 175 9

44 1997 45 46 47 44 pp. 149-150 45 1998 228-236 46 2 4 1986 15-23 1987 45-84 47 228 10

48 49 50 51 1995 48 1999 49 81 50 49 51 1994 6-11 11

52 53 1997 1980 1995 54 55 56 52 1995 12 20 10 53 1995 12 23 11 1996 56-60 54 234 55 Zakaria: Culture Is Destiny, p. 116. 56 19 6 1984 12 25 17 12

57 58 Die Wirtschaftsethik der Weltreligionen 59 (Gary G. Hamilton) 60 57 Zakaria: Culture Is Destiny, p. 125. 58 1995 5 59 Max Weber: Gesammelte Aufsätze zur Religionssoziologie (Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr 1988), S. 535. 60 1990 374-376 13

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 61 Francis Fukuyama: Confucianism and Democracy, Journal of Democrary, Vol. 6, No. 2 (April 1995), pp. 26-29. 62 195-212 63 1999 64 1998 65 316-318 66 278 67 279 68 286 14

69 70 71 72 73 74 75 69 281 70 71 280 72 282 73 314 74 312 75 1987 11-16 15

76 77 (Talcott Parsons) 78 (vulgar Confucianism) 79 80 76 312 77 1 78 19 6 1984 12 25 20 1993 422 79 19 6 1984 12 25 17 80 21(424) 16

81 82 83 84 81 16 22-23 (428-429) 82 287 330 83 315 84 288 330 17

85 86 87 88 89 90 85 1994 49 86 43-49 87 287 330 88 288 330 89 Patten: East and West, p. 144. 90 p. 140-143 18

(authoritarianism) (communitarianism) (non-liberal com-munitarian democracy) 91 (Alasdair MacIntyre) (Michael San-del) (Charles Taylor) (Michael Walzer) (unencumbered self) (atomism) 91 Beng-Huat Chua: Communitarian Ideology and Democracy in Singapore, chaps. 1& 9. 19

(Andrew Nathan) 92 (väterliche Regierung) (vaterländische Regierung) 93 (Wm. Theodore de Bary) 1997 6 ( Confucianism and Communitarianism ) 92 Daniel A. Bell: A Communitarian Critique of Authoritarianism: The Case of Singapore, Political Theory, Vol. 25, No. 1 (Feb. 1997), p. 8. 93 Immanuel Kant: Über den Gemeinspruch: Das mag in der Theorie richtig sein, taugt aber nicht für die Praxis, in: Kants Gesammelte Schriften (Akademieausgabe, Berlin 1902ff.), Bd. 8, S. 290f. 20

(personalism) (individualism) 94 (Karl-Heinz Pohl) 95 96 (relational being) 97 94 6 1999 2 6-19 95 48 1998 8 102-103 Karl-Heinz Pohl: Communitarianism and Confucianism In Search of Common Moral Ground, in: idem, ed., Chinese Thought in a Global Context: A Dialogue between Chinese & Western Philosophical Approaches (Leiden: Brill 1999), pp. 274f. 96 103 Pohl: Communitarianism and Confucianism, p. 278 97 1992 10 98 10-11 21

99 100 Patten, Christopher: East and West: China, Power, and the Future of Asia (New York: Times Books, 1998. 1998 Pohl, Karl-Heinz: Communitarianism and Confucianism In Search of Common Moral Ground. In: idem, ed., Chinese Thought in a Global Context: A Dialogue between 99 4 1997 12 171-178 100 1989 33-34 22

Chinese & Western Philosophical Approaches (Leiden: Brill 1999). Zakaria, Fareed: Culture Is Destiny: A Conversation with Lee Kuan Yew. Foreign Affairs, Vol. 73, No. 2 (March/ April 1994). 1994 3 13-15 10 Gary G. Hamilton 1990 23