24 3 79-97 1 40 1 E-mail: liulysky@gmail.com 79
Pinniger, 2004 20 35 1 5 35 Child, 2007 K= (T-C)*D K T C D Child, 2007 C A n o b i u m p u n c t a t u m 25 Child, 2007 L e p i s m a s a c c h a r i n a 22 40 32 20 Strang, 1992 1 1 1 2-3 Ti n e o l a 25 70 R H s p p. Ly c t u s s p p Strang, 1992; Liu et al., 2008 80
40 C h i l d, 2007 2003 2 Pinniger, 2004 25 Lasioderma serr i c o r n e 10-20 6000-7000 2003 2 81
3 1. Anthrenus spp. 1-2 D e r m e s t i d a e 1999 2000 2002 2003 9 m m k e r a t i n 5 m m 1. 2. 3 82
2. Tinea pellionella 3-4 4-6mm l i g n i n 4. 5 6. 5 m m 25 6 1. Lasioderma serr i c o r n e 5-6 2. 5-3. 0 m m 90 3-4 5. 3. 4. 6. 83
18 2. Liposcelis bostry c h o p h i l u s 7 1. 0-1. 3 m m 4. Lyctines 9-10 5 m m 30-40%RH 3. Lepisma saccharina 8 8-15 m m 7. 8. 9. 84
10. 5. Coptotermes formosanus 11-12 12. 11. 4-7 m m 85
13. 1 3 16-28 20 14 15 8 2 88 77 81 8-10 % 70 Sully et al., 2001; Daniel, 2001 1 1971-2000 2 0 7 4 1. 1971-2000 22. 6 23 24. 1 24. 7 22. 3 23. 3 24. 3 77. 7 77. 1 78. 4 77. 7 84. 2 78. 8 75. 6 4 86
14. 1971-2000 15. 1971-2000 D a n i e l, 2001 24 I n t e rg o v e r n m e n t a l Panel on Climate Change I P C C 20 100 87
0. 74 0. 18 IPCC, 2009 I P C C 21 1. 1 6. 4 I P C C, 2009 1980 2-3 1 1 1 2 Child, 2007 A n t h renus sarnicus, Attagenus K e w G r a d e n P i n n i g e r, 2001 7 9 15 1971-2000 2009 10 4 2010 3 1999 2000 16 2002 2 003 1-3 17 s m i r n o v i 1963 1970 15 65 70 5 5 88
16. 1971-2000 2009 4 2010 3 89
17. 1971-2000 2009 4 2010 3 90
91 6 Daniel, 2001 6 2007
Blyth, 2001 Blyth, 2001; Engunnike, 2001; Kingsley and Pinniger, 2001 7 2003 18 8 18. 7 8 2003 Kingsley and Pinniger 2001 92
9 Blyth, 2001; Engunnike, 2001; Kingsley and Pinniger, 2001 9 93
2000 39-48 1999 2002 2003 2(3): 88-102 2007 49 (4): 337-346 Blyth, V., 2001. Training for museum staff is a prerequisite for successful insect pest management. Integrated Pest Management for Collection, Proceedings of 2001: A Pest Odyssey, pp. 44-50. Child, R. E., 2007. Insect damage as a function of climate. In: Padfield T. and Borchersen K. (Ed.), 2007, Contributions to the Copenhagen Conference: Museum Microclimates, The National Museum of Denmark, pp. 57-60. Daniel, V., 2001. Insect control: A total approach for small and remote museums in the tropics. Integrated Pest Management for Collection, Proceedings of 2001: A Pest Odyssey, pp. 76-80. Egunnike, L., 2001. Marauding geckos: A look at subtropical pest management. Integrated Pest Management for Collection, Proceedings of 2001: A Pest Odyssey, pp. 28-36. IPCC, 2009re. Summary for Policymakers, Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Kingsley H. and Pinniger, D., 2001. Trapping used in a large store to target cleaning and treatment. Integrated Pest Management for Collection, Proceedings of 2001: A Pest Odyssey, pp. 51-56. Liu, L. Y., Schönitzer K. and J. T. Yang, 2008. A review of the literature on the life history of Bostrichidae (Coleoptera)., Mitt. Münch. Ent. Ges., 98: 91-97. Pinniger, D., 2001. New pests for old: The changing status of museum insect pests in the UK. Integrated Pest Management for Collection, Proceedings of 2001: A Pest Odyssey, pp. 9-13. Pinniger, D., 2004. Pest Management in Museums, Archives and Historic House, Archetype Publications, 115pp. Strang, T. J. K., 1992. A review of published temperatures for the control of pest insects in museums. SPNHC, Collection Forum, pp. 41-67. 94
S u l l y, D., Liu, M. E. and S. M. Lee, 2001. A topical solution to tropical museum pest control. Integrated Pest Management for Collection, Proceedings of 2001: A Pest Odyssey, pp. 63-75. 2010 4 19 2010 5 30 95
Museum Pests in Taiwan: A Call for Action Lan-Yu Liu* Abstract Insect infestation is considered one of the most significant risks to museum collections housed in the humid tropics. As the main references about museum pests all come from the temperate countries, those reports on pest management may not agree with the tropics situation. Besides, the pest issue is usually neglected or not treated as an important business in Taiwan s museums. This article discusses the physical conditions for insect pests, and the feeding habits of common museum pests. The possible pest problems for museums to face in future are discussed with relation to climate change and the increase of international exchanges. The core concerns of preventive conservation and rules of pest management are introduced as the bases for museum pest management. Three serious risks of pest control in Ta i w a n s museums are listed. An appeal is made to the Ta i w a n s government to set up a Research Center for Museum Pest Studies as soon as possible. Only then shall we be able to discover suitable ways to prevent and manage the pest problems in museums in Taiwan. Keywords: museum pests, preventive conservation, pest issue, pest management * Editor, National Central Library; E-mail: liulysky@gmail.com 97