1!!!!!!!!!!!! (1) 1.!!!!!! (1) 2.!!!!!!! (8) 3.!!!!!!! (11) 4.!!!!! (13) 5.! (17) 6.!!!! (22) 7.!!!!!!!! (26) 8. 30!!!!! (29) 9. (31)!!!!!! 10.!! (32)
2 11.!!!! (34) 12.!!!!!!!! (39) 13.!!! (44) 14.!!!! (47) 15.!!!!!!!!!!!! (53) 16.!!!!!!! (65) 17.!!!! (70) 18.!!! (74) 19.!!!!!!!!!!!! (81)
3 20.!!!!!!!!!!!! (85) 21.!!!!!!!! (87) 22.!!!!!! (90) 23. (98)!!!!! 24. (112)!!!!! 25.!!!!!!!!!!!! (118) 26.!!!! (124) 27.!!! (131) 28.!!!! (135) 29.!!!! (138)
4 30.!!!!!!! (142) 31.!!!!!! (148) 32. (154)!!!!! 33.!! (158) 34.!!!!!!!!!!!! (171) 35.!! (175) 36.!!!! (183) 37.!!!!!!!! (188) 38.!!!! (191) 39.!!! (194) 40.!!!! (198)!!!!!!!!!!!! (206)!!!!!!!!!! (209)
1, 37.7, 1,,, : 645,,, 1868,,,,,, 1894,,,,
2,,, 1914 ~1918, 1931, 1937,, 1941,, 1942, 1945 8,,,,, 1968,, 70,,, 20,,, 21,, :
3,,, 21 1998 4
1 1.,,, 20 70,,,, 30 50 : :,
2, :,,,,,,,,,,, 20 90,, :,,1996, 442, 350,,,,,,,,
3, :,,,,,,, : ( ),, 21, 1,,,,,,1953 1967 1973 1967,
4 18,,,,,, : 21 ;, ;, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1873 1880 1883,
5, :, 1996 1998,, ( ),,,, 1200, ( ),,,,,
6, 1997, :, 1997 9,,,,, 22 1 12,,, 2003, 2,,,,,,,,
7,,,,,,, 1998, 1000,, 58%, 34%, 42% 9%, 13%, 49%, 42%, 28%,, 1998 5, 72.2% 1998 6,,,
8 2. :,,, 1955,,,,, 1955 1993 38 1993 8, 127,,,,, 1994, :, 1998,, :,,,,
9, 20 60,, 80,, 1994,,,, 1994,,, 1998,,
10 :,,,,,, 1994 6,, 1998 1922,1945,, 1994, 20,, 1998, :,,, 1963, (1963 8 ),
11,,, 3.,,,,,,,,,,
12,,, 1997 5 3, 50,, 45%, 5,, 70%,,,,,,,82%, 10%,,,
13 4.,, :,,, ;, ;,,,, 1948 ;1954 ;1961 ;1979 ;1988 ;1993,,,,,,, 1993,,
14,, 480,,, 10%, 47 20 1.23,3, 1.3 9 2300 700, 900,,,,,
15 8 :, 1993 ~1995 70, 1996, 20,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
16, 1998 3 1000, 40%,38% 1998,,, 700, 227,,,, 76, 1997 9,,,,,,,,,,
17 :,, : 5. 8, 660 646,, 1860,,, 1867,,,,,,,,, :,,
18,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1926 1989, 63, 14,, :,,,, 300, 955, 40,,,
19,, 125 1952,37 1989,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
20,,,,,,,,, :,,,,, 8 15, :,, 1988,,
21,,, :,,
22 6.,,,,,,
23,,,,,,,,, : 20,,,,,, 21,,,,
24 731,,,,,, 1956,,,,, B C, 1941,,,, 1997, 200,,, 79,,
25, 16,, :, 71,, :,,,,,,,,, : 1981,,,, :,,,,1941,
26,,,, 7. 1998 5,, ( ) 150, : : :,,,,,, :,, : : 5 20
27,,, :,,,,, 203, 1998 7 50, 15,, 50, 1991,,,,, 20 30,,,,
28,,,,,,, 20 30,,,,,,, 8 15 ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,
29,,,,,, : 1977,,,, 20,,,,,,, 8. 30 1937 12,, 30,,
30, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,, :,,,
31 9.,, 20 80,,,,,, 1992,,, ( ) :,, 1998 4 27, 30
32 10.,,,,, 1955, 1960, 70,,,,, : ( ),,,
33,,,,,,, 1997, ( ) 1997 1946 6 263,,,,,,,, :,
34,,,,,,,,,, 20 40 :,,,,, 20,,, 11. 20,,,
35,,,, 1992,,,,, ;, ;,,,1990 300, 1996 550, 23.95 ( 4.79 ) 160 510, 100,
36, 1998, 1997 1996, 8900, 178,, 90 1997 10 26,,,, 46 47 9000,, 1997,, ( ), ; ; 1220 362,, 500 (4 ),
37,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,, 1997 9 1,,,,,
38,,,,,,,, 52,,,,,,,, :,,,,, :,, ;,,,,
39 12.,,,,,, 1996 4, 133, 43149,, 1997,, ( ),,,, 9 24,,,
40,,,,,,,,,,,, :,, 133, 10,,,,,,,, ( ),
41,,, 1992,,,, 4,, 2,,, ( ),,,, 1945,, 1972,,,,
42,, 4, 70 97 50 80, F 1 F 4J F 15J,P 3,,,203 20 80,, 1980,1984 1986,, 90 1993,,,
43, : 1868, 1930,62, 10, 1931 9, 1945 8, 14,,,,,,
44 13.,,,, 1955, 1968,, 1973,,, 90, 1955 20, 70 20 80,,
45, 1990,,,, 1997,, 2, 10,,,,,, 5,,, 100 30 1997 9, 20 30 15 60 1964,, 80,,1987 500, 107,
46 49019, 500 32.9%, : 1945 1965,1 360 1978,1 175.5 1987,1 145 1988,1 125,, 1985 27.3,1986 12.9,,,,,, 1997,, 1998 1 5, 1 133, 1 134 1998 6, 1987,,, 1 1 110,
47 1 120, 0.6%, :,,,,, :1991 1995, 40%, 1995 ( ) 5 :, 1996 1995 4, 66%,,1997 4 9, 75%, 1996 14. 1997,,
48,,,,, 1997,,,, 2641,,,, 1997 11,, 74,,, 20,,
49,,,,,,,, 1991,,, 79, 1997,, 1997,, 10, ( ),, 1991
50 1997,,, 1992, 1993 9, 3.2, 1993,1994 1 3.4, 8,,1994,, 1 ; 1995 3, 3.7, 1995 1 12, 68 2, 1997 11 6 3,
51 36,,, (, ) ( ),, 1997 8 6,,,, : 1997,, 1998 8 5, : 1997 8 6 12 5,, 1997 11 12,, 1897 4, 1926 10,,, 60 1965,
52,,, 1990 3, 2000,, 1992 1997, 3.3,1997 7,,, 11,,,,,, 58,, 100,, :,
53 500 1995 19%, ( 1566 ) 3.7% 1997, 1998, 1 6,,,,,, :,,, 15.,
54,,,,,1/4, 1/3, 2/3,,,,, 1996 11, 1997 9 18 1613,,,,,,,,
55 :,, ;,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,, 1997 11,, :
56,,,,,,,,,,, 2648,,,,,,,1949
57,, 1972 5,,,,,,, 1, 49, ;, 20 80,,,
58,,,,,,, 1996,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,, A B, A B A B, A B,,A, B,,
59,,,,,, 20 90, :,, ;,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,, ;
60,,,, 1988,, 100 ( 7.3 ),, 650, 1300,,,, 25, 31,,,, 24,,, ;,, IBM,,, 300,
61 :,,,,,, 10,,,,,,,, 1997 10 21,,,,,,,,
62,,,, 1998 :,,,,,,,,,,,
63, ( ) ( ),,,,,,, 21, 90, :,,, 2010 2%, 2010 ( ),,,,
64, 5, 4, 30%,,,,,,,, 1997 7,,, :, 10 15 10%,,, ( ), :20 80 90, : ;
65, : ; ; 16. :50, ;60, ;70, ;80, ;90,, : :,,,,,,,, ;, ;, ;,
66,,,,,,,, 5,,,,,,, ;,,,, :,,
67,, :, :,,,,,,,,, :, :, :, :,, :,,,,
68,,,,,,,, : :,,,, : :, :,,,,,,, :,,,,
69,,,,,,,,,,, 20 80, 3 7, 1995,7 824,,, 7.3 :, ;, ;, ;,, 1996 7.9%, 37795,
70 0.3%, 10.1%,,, 1992 1996, 7.9%, 1600, 7.9%, 1440, ; ;, 17. :, :,,,,,,,
, 71,,,,, SONY :,,, :,, :,, AKM,,,,
72 :,,, 21,, :,, :,, A,,,,,,,,
73,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,, : 1947, 2168 ; 140, 116
18. 74,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 20 90,, 100,,,,,, :
75,,,,,, 1995,, 6400 3.5 40,,, 60%,, 1299 1997 9,,, :, 1995 7
76,,,, 4 1200, 1000 30, 30,,,,,,, 50,,,, 1993 7,, 5,
77,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
78,,,, 3000,3/4, 150, ( ), AKM :,,,,,,,,, :,, 1905,,, 1868, 300
79, 19, 20,,,1992 3100,1995 4100,, 7,, : 50%, 21,,,,,, :,
80,, 1993,, 4,, 22 174, 49% 85,,,60%, 1988, 9,,,,, 4, 25, 50, 70, 80, : 1986 1990, 200 600
81 19.,,,,,,,,,,,,
82, :,,,,,,,, :,,,,, ( ),
83,, 21, 1989 1997, 9,,,,,,,,,,, 21,, :,, :
84,, 21,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1997 4,,,
85, 20.,, 1945, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
86 1980, 47,1990 1350,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
87,,,,,, 21.,,,, 5000,,,,,,,,,, :(1)
88 ;(2) ;(3) ; (4) ;(5),, 1997,,, :,,,,, 1998,,,,,,,,, :,
89,, :,,,, :,1996 7, 300 1925 1997 6,,, 1998,, 20,,,,,,
90 22.,,,,,,, :,, 20 70,,,,,,,,,, 20 80,,, 1988,,
91 1990,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,55%,,, 80, 90,,,,,,,
92,,,,, 17,,,,,, 2000,,, 1991, 5,, 4, 1100,,,
93,,,, 40,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1995, 20.6, 70% 2, 250,
94, 1997,, ( ), 800,,,,,,,,,, 70,,,,,, :,, ( ) 1998 1, 1965,,
95,, 1980, 1965,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
96,,,,,,,,,, ( ) 10,,,,,, :,,,,
97,
98 23.,, :,,,,, ( ),,,,,
,,, : 10,1992 1992,55.5%,1995 48.4%,1996 45.1% 20 29, 61.8%;30 39 53.5%; 52% 55.6% 99, 1997 2 15 1996 12 1.5, 41.5%, 17.5% 13. 8%, 25.5%, 60% 1997 25,1998 20,, 1995 50,,
100 1997 9 28 : 1994,,,,, ( ),,, 1997 25, :,,,,,,,, : 25, 25, 21,
101 11,, :,,,,,, :, ( ), : :,,,,,, :,,,,, 1945 1972 27,,
102, 25 25,,,,,,,,,,,, 1996,,,, ( ),,, :, ( ) 1997,,,,
103,,, 21 :,,,,,,,, 10,,, 1997,,,, 25 20,
104,,,1997 9, :,,,,,, :,,,,,,, 1995,,, 21,,,,
105,,,,,,,,,, ( 1997 3 18 ), :,,,,, :,, 1996,,,,,,
106,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,21 : 50,,, :,
107 : 1992 38,,,,,,, 1997 11,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :, 7 8,
108,,,,,,,,,,,, 1997 10,,,,,,,,,,
109 17%,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,, (1996~2000) 8 (2001~2005), 1995
110 1996 114 9 259 4 1997 5 3500 1997 2 28,,, 70 1998,,,,,, 1987 12 12 21,, 1998,,,,,1996,
111 1997, 1998,,,,, 1972, 1 1996 100, 25 1972 11 1996 600,,,,,, :,,
112 24. :,, 1996 12 16 : :,,,,, 1997,,,, :,,,,,,,
113,,, :,,,, 21 1997 7 1,,, :,19 ( ),,,
114,156, 21, 6 30,,,,, 1/3,,,20, 20,,,,,,,, 55%,,,,,,, 10,,,,
115 100,,,,,, 1997,,, 24500, 68, 2000, :,,, 1996, 2015,
116,,,,,, 20,,,,, 1997 2,,,, 65 85 300, 202, 86, 7, 5 1997 1, :,
117,, ;, ;,,,,, 1997 1996 14.7%, 805.7 (97 ) 1996 1995 11.3%,, : 1/5, 300,, : :,,
118, 25.,, 1996,, 600 1997,,, 10, 7, 30%, 1996 ( ),1996 1995 7.9%, 624.1849, 600 1991, 1996 1991 33%, 186
119,1996 1994,,,,, 14 16,,,,,,,,, 1996, ( ),,,,,,
120,,,,, 10,, 30 6,,,,, 2000, 4, 1998 1 1997, 7, 2.2%, 1972
121,, 1996 4,,,, 1997 202.5963, (1997 3 11 ),,, 5800,,, 21,,,,,
122, : 80, 34 8,, 80%,,,,, 23% 17%,,,,,,,,,1996 9.7%,, 30%,
123 10,, 2200 43.4%, 7 19. 4,,,, 1992, 1996 9017, 9038 1997, :,,,,,,,,, 120,, :,,,,
26. 124,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1 15 20,,,, 1997
125 2 7 :,, 100, 820 ( 8.2 ), 2000, 2003,,, 100~150, ( 20 ),,,, 350,,, (POPS),1995 1996, ( ), 7,,,,
126, 6,,,,,, 30, 1996 550, 25 35,,,, 90,, 1996 7,, 1982,,,
,,, 1800 180,,,,,,,,,,, 5 3 6 1 7 9 1 1 127,,,,,,, 200
128,,,,, 20 80,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1997 9 19, 51 20 35, 20,,,,,1892
129, 15,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1982,, 1987, : :,,,, (1840~1931),
130,,,,
131 27., :,,,,, 16,,,, 15,
132,,, ; ; ; ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,
133, :,,,,,,,,,,,,21, JAPAN 1982,,,,,,, :,,,
134,,,,,,, 20 80, 90,,,,,20,,,,,,,, 1967,
135 28.,, 5 25 3 6 5 1992 1994,, 1998,, 1928, 100,,, 1000,,,,,1993,,
136 1 0,,, 1997, 1.3, 1994 6000, 1993 14% 4.9%, :1997 1140, 1993 36, 17 38,,,,,, 1873,,,,,,,,,,
137,,,,,,, 100,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2008,,
138 75%,, 20, 30 :,, 8, :,,,, 29.,,,, 20 80,,,,,
139,,1996 50,1997, 1997 5, 9 6,, 1000 15, : :,
140 :,,,,,,, :, X (, 1961 1971 ) 1926,,
141,, 3.6,,,,, AMC 13 AMC :, AMC, :, CINEMARK,,,
142 30.,,,, : 8.6%, 6.8%, 1%~2% 2.5 1.1 5000 1000, 1, 37,, 240, 180,,,, 6,,
143,,,,, 1995, 30 64996, 1.4%, 1991 54172, 20%,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
144,,,,,,, 1960,,,, 70,,,,,,,,,,,, 6,4 30 :, :,
145,, 27, 29,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,
146,1996 16.4, 23%, 10 14%, :,,,, 48,, 5,,,,,
147, 600, 100, 40%, 1/3 ( 900 ),3/4 :,, : 30, 45 :,,
148 31.,,,, 20,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 4,
149 5,, 6,,,, 6,,,,,,,,,,,, 1992,
150, 50 30, 100, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,
151 :,,,, :,,, 40,,,,, 1872,,, 20 70, 1971, 1984,, ;
152, 1947,,, ( ),,,,,,, 1997, : ( 2003 ) :,17,, 17
153,,, 1997, 1998,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
154,, : 32.,,,,, 10 1996 6, 60462,,,, 1997, 4350 1996,, 1.7, 2.2,,, 80,,,,
155,, 37, 2300 1996 2030, 407, 1350, 219, 1997 7,,,,, 7252, 20, 25, 1990, 5000, 584,,,, PLA TOKYO WALKER HANAKO,,
156,,,,,,,, ;, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
157,,,,,,,, :,,,, 1997 1996 2.7%, 36.9%, 0.2% 1995, 1.9%, 1997 1%,1996 1777,1997,,,,,,,,,,,,,
158 33.,,,,,, 1950, 1959, 1964,, 1980,, 1980, 4.6, 2.7 39, 80,,, 1949, 1965, 1973, 1981, 1988,
:,,,, 159,, :,,,, 1997,,,, 10,,,,,, :21,, :
160, 6 40% 10 7,, 40,,, 1997 :,, 1995 14.4, 6% 9% 8.3%, 65% 4, 4.1%, 80%, 1995 : 65.2%, ; 14.1%,
161 ; 20.7%, 1998,, 1998 30309, 0.9%, 8907, 4.9%,,,,, 2000 5, 17, 1970, 80,, 9,,, 73, 2000 H2 H2A, 190 H2 85,
162 H2A, 2000 M5 X M, 21,, M5, X,,, H2, 0.4 2.5, 550,,, 2 9, 3~40, 1998, :,,, 10,
163 4000,,,,,, 200 (, ),,, ( ), :,,, X,,,,
164,,, 1997 4 :,,,, :,,,, ZAURUS,, 5, PINNO CHIO, GENIO, 2,,, 70%
165 14,,,,, IBM,,,,,,, 80%,,,
166 5,,,,, : (1),, ;(2) ;(3) 5 100,,,,,, 1925, ( ),,,, 3.6
167, ( ),,,, 20% 40,,, 1 225, 1 75 71,,,,, 45, 16, 6,,, 80, 3.5,
168,,,,, 1996, :,,,,,,,,,,, 4.5 7.5 1 2, 1/4,
169 30, 150 200 3.9,,,,, 20,,,,, 20,, 5 3 3 1955,, 1998, ( ),,,,,
170,,, 1981 2000 1988, 3300 3K, 6500 ( 6500 ) 1995, 1997, 8600,,,,, 3500 21 :,,,,
171 34., 35%, 33.9%,,,,,,, 1945 ~1960, 60, 70, 1979, 19 1985, 600,,
172,,, 700, 16%,, 70% 20%, 2,,,,,, 1991,, 10, 150, 140, 1996 10 500 1997, 8814, 1993 7 12 (8921 ) 4456, 22%,,, 1.2952, 1.8,
173 1.4, 1993 6 12,, 4316, 1353, 2444, 701 (1996 ),,, 1279,, 23,, 19 43 ( ), 26 ( ), ( ) ( ) ( ),,, 1995 2500, 1997 3000, 2010 8600, 1995 3.4, 80
174, (OECF) :,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,, :,,, ;,
175,, 2 13 6,, 1.05, 7.1, 1300, 35.,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,
176, 300, 3500, 20000, 400, 1000,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( 50 ),,,,,,,
177,,,,, 15,,,,,,,, :,, 90,,,,,,,,,,,,
178,,,,, 170,, 10 6 2,,,,,,, : :,,, 241, 146 1982,, 12 9,, 1.6%; ; ;,
179, 2000, 450,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 12,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
180,, 20,, 20, 80 2,,, 1995,1996,,,,,,,20 70, 2,, 1986
181,, 7,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1997, 1.4, 1996 16%,,,,
182, :,,,,,,,,, GNPC ( ),,,, GN WC ( ),,,,,,,,,,
183 36.,, :1947 1949 3 806, 33%,, 1986 11.4%,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,
184,, :,, ( ),,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
185,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,1995, 1.95 30 20 70,
186,1995 1.7%, 219, 1873,,, 1996,, 20 80,, 1983, 20,1992 18,,,,,,, :,,, ( 35 ~49 ; 30 ~44 ), ( 34 ),, ;,, ;,,
187,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,
188 37.,,,,, :,,,,,,,,, 110,,,,,,,,,
189 1993,,,, 20,,,,,,, 1990,,,,, 1986 4,,,,,,
190,,,, 100,,,, 1996,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 200,
191,,,, 90,,,,,,, 38., :,,,,,,,,
192,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
193,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
194,,,,,,,,,,, 1997,1996 1995 3140, 196448 10 ~20 12.6, 0.6 1983 ( 32 ), 1995 39.,,,,,,
195, 76, 82,,,,,, 1970, 7%, 1989, 11.6% 1993, 2000,,65 2134,65 6 1, 6 1 65 2025, 4 1, 1983,65 25.1%,, 1979 9 15,,,,, 70,,
196,,,,,, 11,, 55 60 55, 60 40 1.2 2000,, 5, 5
197,,, :,,, 60,,, 20% 30%, 4000,,,,, 65 55%,, :,,,,,,
198,, : :,,,,, 40. 1994 12 7,,,, :,,,,,, 120,,,
199,,,,,,,, :,,,,,, :, ;, ;,,,,,,,,,,
200 :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,
201,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,, :,,,, :,,
202,,,,,,,,, :,,,, :,,, :,,, :,,,
203,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,, 80,,,,,,
204, ( ),,,,, : 21,, : 21,,,,,,,,,,, : 19
205 20, 20, 21,,, 19 20,, 21, :,,,,21,,,
206,,,,,,, 19,, 20 30,,,, 1962,
207 70, :,,,,, :,,, :,, :,,,,,,,,, 21,,,,,,,,,,,
208,,,,,,
209 21 ( ):,,1987 :,,1989 :,, 1990 :,,1991 ( ):,,1992 :,,1992 :,, 1993 ( ):,,1994
210 : :,,1994 ( ):,, 1995 :,, 1995 :,,1996