Alan Turing 1912 6 23 1931-1934 1932-1935 1935 Smith 23 1936 1936-1938 1938-1939 1940-1942 U-
Alan Turing 1943-1945 1945, 1946 OBE 1947-1948 1948 1949 1950
Alan Turing 1951 39 1952 1953-1954 1954 6 7 42
Turing (Trinity College ) (King s College) 40 gross indecency
Alan Turing 24 31 Colossus 33 35 38 39
Alan Turing Enigma
Turing Award 1966 ACM 1947 IEEE Computer Society Turing 1, 2 ( ) 02 3 (RSA, Rivest, Shamir, Adelman ), 2003 38 47 (Andrew Yao,, 2000 )
1966-1970 1970 1966 A. J. Perlis --- PhD, MIT; Prof, Yale (was Prof at CMU) (deceased) ALGOL 1967 Maurice V. Wilkes --- PhD, Cambridge; Prof, Cambridge EDSAC 1968 Richard W. Hamming --- PhD, UIUC; Prof, Naval Postgraduate School (was at Bell) (deceased) 1969 Marvin Minsky --- PhD, Princeton, Prof, MIT 1970 J.H. Wilkinson --- BS, Cambridge; staff, National Physical Laboratory, London ACE
1971-1975 1975 1971 John McCarthy --- PhD, Princeton; Prof, Stanford LISP 1972 Edsger W. Dijkstra --- PhD, U Amsterdam; Prof, UT Austin 1973 Charles W. Bachman --- staff, Honeywell 1974 Donald E. Knuth --- PhD, Caltech; Prof, Stanford TEX( ) 1975 Allen Newell --- PhD, Stanford; Prof, CMU (deceased) Herbert A. Simon --- PhD, Chicago; Prof, CMU (deceased)
1976-1980 1980 1976 Michael O. Rabin --- PhD, Princeton; Prof, Harvard Dana S. Scott --- PhD, Princeton; Prof, CMU 1977 John Backus --- BS, Columbia; staff, IBM FORTRAN BNF 1978 Robert W. Floyd --- BS, Chicago; Prof, Stanford 1979 Kenneth E. Iverson APL. 1980 C. Anthony R. Hoare --- Prof, Oxford(now at Microsoft)
1981-1985 1985 1981 Edgar F. Codd --- PhD, Michigan; staff, IBM 1982 Steven A. Cook --- PhD, Harvard; Prof, U Toronto NP-Completeness 1983 Ken Thompson --- MS, Berkeley; staff, Bell-Labs Dennis M. Ritchie --- PhD, Harvard; staff, Bell-Labs C UNIX 1984 Niklaus Wirth --- PhD, Berkeley; Prof, ETH Zurich EULER ALGOL-W MODULA PASCAL 1985 Richard M. Karp --- PhD, Harvard; Prof, Berkeley.
1986-1990 1990 1986 John E. Hopcroft --- PhD, Stanford; Prof, Cornell and Robert E. Tarjan --- PhD, Stanford; Prof, Princeton 1987 John Cocke --- staff, IBM RISC 1988 Ivan E. Sutherland --- PhD, MIT; staff, Sun 1989 William V. Kahan --- PhD, U Toronto; Prof, Berkeley 1990 Fernando J. Corbato --- PhD, MIT; Prof, MIT CTSS Multics
1991-1994 1994 1991 Robin Milner --- Prof, Cambridge (was at U Edinburgh) (LCF) ML (CCS) 1992 Butler Lampson --- PhD, Berkeley; staff, Microsoft 1993 Juris Hartmanis --- PhD, Caltech; Prof, Cornell Richard E. Stearns --- PhD, Princeton; Prof, SUNY Albany. 1994 Raj Reddy --- PhD, Stanford; Prof, CMU Edward Feigenbaum (PhD, CMU; Prof, Stanford).
1995-1999 1999 1995 Manuel Blum --- PhD, MIT; Prof, Berkeley. 1996 Amir Pnueli --- PhD, Weizmann Institute; Prof, NYU Temporal. 1997 Douglas Engelbart --- PhD, Berkeley; staff, SRI. 1998 James Gray --- PhD, Berkeley; staff, Microsoft. 1999 Frederick P. Brooks, Jr.--- PhD, Harvard; Prof, UNC.
2000-2003 2003 2000 Andrew Chi-Chih Yao --- PhD, UIUC; Prof, Princeton. (, ) 2001 Ole-Johan Dahl, and Kristen Nygaard --- Profs, U Oslo SIMULA I SIMULA 67,. 2002 Ronald L. Rivest: PhD, Stanford; MIT;Adi Shamir: PhD, Weizmann; Leonard M. Adelman : PhD, Berkeley; USC (RSA ). 2003 Alan Kay --- PhD, Utah; HP Labs (was at Xerox PARC) Smalltalk.
1946 12 24 1967 1972 1975 UIUC 1986 2004 6 2004 9
(1) 1972 E.W.Dijkstra Burroughs Dijkstra PV goto 1974 D.E.Knuth stanford KMP LR(k) Tex 1976 M.O.Rabin & D.S.Scott A.Church Rabin Scott: 1978 R.W.Floyd Stanford Heap-sort Floyd
(2) 1980 C.A.R.Hoare (Oxford (now at Microsoft)) CASE While Quick-sort 1983 ACM 1/4 25 Hoare Dijkstra 1982 S.A.Cook Toronto NP- 1984 N.Wirth = + Extended BNF, Pascal 1985 R.M.Karp UC-Berkeley Held Rabin-Karp Edmonds-Karp NP- Karp
(3) 1986 J.E.Hopcroft (Cornell) & R.E.Tarjan Princeton (e.g. ), Hopcroft Ullman Aho Ullman 2-3 Tarjan D.E.Knuth Union-find e.g. 1993 J.Hartmanis (Cornell) & R.E.Stearns (Albany) Hartmanis Hartmanis Hartmanis Stearns
(4) 1995 M.Blum UC-Berkeley M.O.Rabin MIT e.g. Blum e.g. 2000 Andrew Yao Princeton e.g. 2002 Ronald L. Rivest, Adi Shamir, Leonard M. Adelman RSA. 47 18
Turing Test 1950 1950, ( ) 25 30
James Gray 12 1., ( ) 2. : 30% 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
James Gray 12 8. 9. 10. 9 11. 1 99.999999% 12. (a) 1000 (b) (c)
( )