2015 3 47 2 ( ) Mar.2015 ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearch (bimonthly ) Vol.47No.2 基于语料库的商务英语 语域特征多维分析 江进林 许家金 : (MF/MD), : 6 ( / / / ), 67, ( ) ( ); ( ) ( ), : [ 中图分类号 ]H315 [ 文献标识码 ]A [ 文章编号 ]1000-0429(2015)02-0225-12 1. (EnglishforSpecificPurposes,ESP),,,, ( ),, / (multi-feature/multi-dimensionalanalysis,mf/md, 225
2015 2, )? DouglasBiber 1984, (Biber1988) 30,, Haliday ( 1988:162),, (McEnery& Hardie2012:104),,, ( Biber1995,2006;McEneryetal.2006; Xiao2009;Cao&Xiao2013;Sardinha&Pinto2014), 10 ( 2001; 2001,2004; 2009; 2010; 2010; 2012; 2014),, 2. Biber(1988) Biber LLC(London LundCorpus) LOB(Lancaster-Oslo-Bergen), 67 10 : 67, ;, 67 5 7, (dimension), ( 0.35),,? style genre register,,, (registervariation) 226
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2015 2 FLOB,, (2010),,, :, ;, 3. 3.1 研究语料,, ( ), 2,060,063, 2003-2010, 1 1. (BG) 29,3968 (CJ) 27,7894, Busines Week TheEconomist The FinancialTimes (FL) 29,5100, InternationalBusinesLaw Jour- (XH) 29,1160 nal JournalofInternationalEconomicLaw (XS) 30,4285, Accounting, Busines&Finan- cial Decisionsin Economics&Finance (YJ) 30,3016 (ZF) 29,4640 WTO BE06 AmE06, 2,059,753 PaulBaker, 100, 1000, 2000, 2003-2008 228
江进林许家金, 15 : (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) (G) : (H) (J) (K) (L) (M) (N) (P) (R) 3.2 研究工具 McEneryetal.(2006), 58, Biber(1988), McEneryetal.(2006) Biber(1988) Nini(2014) MultidimensionalAnalysisTagger1.1(MAT) Biber(1988) (StanfordPOSTagger),, ( anybody anyone anything ) ( each al every many ) MAT Biber(1988) 67 6 Nini(2014) MAT Biber(1988), MAT Biber(1988) 4. MAT, (Z ), Biber(1988:172),, (Z ), SPSS t, 1 2 4 6 ( p<0.01 )( 2), 3 5 229
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2015 2 (9)HerecogniseditasthefamousRosevalehair,inheritedfrom thefirstbarones,cen- turiesbefore,butnotfoundinanyoneonhissideofthefamily. (10)Eachyear,asboththe mechanicaldesignsandtheartificialinteligencepowering themimprove,theplayersgrow morelifelikeandproficient. 3. 10 p / -4.42 0.82.000 5.24 2.16-0.28.000 2.44 1.63 0.04.000 1.59 1.69 0.22.000 1.47-1.08 0.08.000 1.16 that ( ) 1.02 2.11.000 1.09 0.67-0.35.000 1.02-0.84 0.13.000 0.97 1.07 1.98.000 0.91 1.36 2.19.000 0.83, (CJ) (A B C) (XS) (J), ( 2) 1, 0,, 2. t, 1 4 5 1 (MD=-5.37), 4 5 (MD=0.68,0.46),,,,,, 232
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江进林许家金 ( 2011),,, MAT, Biber(1988) 67, Biberetal.(2004) TOEFL 90,Biber(2006) ( ) 129,,, Biber,D.1984.A ModelofTextualRelationswithinthe WritenandSpoken Modes[D]. Ph.D.Disertation.UniversityofSouthernCalifornia. Biber,D.1988.VariationacrosSpeechand Writing [ M].Cambridge:CUP. Biber,D.1995.DimensionsofRegister Variation [M].Cambridge:CUP. Biber,D.2006.University Language:A Corpus-basedStudyofSpokenand Writen Registers [M].Amsterdam:JohnBenjamins. Biber,D.&E.Finegan.1989.DriftandevolutionofEnglishstyle:Ahistoryofthreegenres [J].Language65:487-517. Biber,D.,U.Connor&T.Upton.2007.Discourseonthe Move:Using CorpusAnalysisto Describe DiscourseStructure [M].Amsterdam:JohnBenjamins. Biber,D.,S.Conrad,R.Reppen,P.Byrd,M.Helt,V.Clark,V.Cortes,E.Csomay&A. Urzua.2004.Representing Language Useinthe University : AnalysisoftheTOEFL 2000 Spokenand Writen AcademicLanguageCorpus [M].Princeton,N.J.:EducationalTes- tingservice. Cao,Y.&R.Xiao.2013.A multidimensionalcontrastivestudyofenglishabstractsbynative andnonnativewriters[j].corpora8:209-234. Connor-Linton, J.1989. Crostalk: A Multi-feature Analysis of Soviet-American Spacebridges[D].Ph.D.Disertation.UniversityofSouthernCalifornia. Haliday, M.1988.Onthelanguageofphysicalscience[A].In M.Ghadesy ( ed.).registers of Writen English:SituationalFactorsand LinguisticFeatures [C].London:Pinter. 162-178. Kanoksilapatham, B.2003.A Corpus-based Investigation of Biochemistry Research Articles:Linking MoveAnalysiswith MultidimensionalAnalysis[D].Ph.D.Diserta- tion.georgetownuniversity. 235
2015 2 McEnery, T.& A.Hardie.2012.CorpusLinguistics:Method,Theoryand Practice [M]. Cambridge:CUP. McEnery, T.,R.Xiao&Y.Tono.2006.Corpus-based LanguageStudies:An Advanced Re- sourcebook [M].New York:Routledge. Nini,A.2014.MultidimensionalAnalysisTagger1.1-Manual [OL].htps://sites.google. com/site/multidimensionaltagger(accesed10/02/2014). Sardinha,T.& M.Pinto(eds.).2014.Multi-DimensionalAnalysis,25YearsOn:A Tribute to DouglasBiber [C].Amsterdam:JohnBenjamins. Xiao,R.2009.MultidimensionalanalysisandthestudyofworldEnglishes[J].World Engli- shes28:421-450.,2009, [M] :,2010, [J], (6): 451-458,2001, MF/MD [J], (2):143-158,2010, [J], (2):113-118,2012, [J], (2):220-232,2007, [J], (1):138-141,2011, [J], (6):35-40,2001, [J], (3):6-9,2004, e-mail [J], (2):53-57,2014, [J], (2):260-272 :2014 10 08;,2015 02 12 :100029 ( ) 100089 ( ) 櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡櫡 ( ) ( ),,, ( ) 2015, :htp :// www.cuhk.edu.cn/ schools/shs/ postgraduates / 236
2015 2 Theinteractionofsyntax,semantics,andpragmatics AcomparisonbetweenChineselingwai/ qitaandenglishother/another ( p.204 ) JIN Jing (Dept.ofChineseLanguageStudies,TheHongKongInstituteofEducation,TaiPo,New Territories,HongKong China) SHI Dingxu (Dept.ofChineseandBilingualStudies,TheHongKongPolytechnicUniversity,HungHom,Kowloon,Hong Kong,China) Thispaperprovidesacomprehensiveanalysisofthesyntactic,semantic,andpragmaticprop- ertiesoflingwaiandqitainchinesenominalphrases,incomparisonwithotherandanotherin English.Itisdiscoveredthatalbeitbothareusedtorefertomembersapartfromagivensubsetof aknownsetinthecontext,[lingwai-x]mayreferineitheraninclusiveoranon-inclusivefashion (correspondingtodefiniteandindefinitereadingsrespectively ) andimposesnoconstraintsonthe numberpropertyoftheasociatedreferent(s),whereas[ qita-x]hastorefertopluralentitiesin aninclusivemanner,henceanobligatorydefiniteinterpretation.itisfurthershownthattoprop- erlydeterminetheenglishcounterpartoflingwai/ qita outofthecandidatessuchasotherand another (withbothotherandanotheralsobeingusedtorefertomembersinadditiontoanal- readymentionedsubsetinacontextualygivenset),oneneedstotakeintoconsiderationthepar- ticularsemanticandsyntacticpropertiesoftheother /another-containedexpresioninquestion. Acorpus-basedcontrastivestudyoflinkingadverbialsinEnglishandChineseliteraryworks( p.214 ) XU Wensheng (SchoolofForeignLanguages,TongjiUniversity,Shanghai200092,China) Theirreplaceablefunctionofadverbialsliesnotonlyinthereinforcementofeuphemistic, humorous,exquisiteandinsightfulefects,butalsointheimprovementoftextualcoherenceand preciseandsuitablesemanticexpresions.linkingadverbialsweighalotinthelogicrelationships betweensentencesforgreaterlogicalfluencyinappropriateintegrationofvariousideasthrough conditional,suppositional,causal,emphatic,declarativeandevenadversativerelations.onthe basisofeccc,thispaper,fromtheperspectiveofgrammaticalcategory, focusesonthequanti- tativeanalysesoflinkingadverbialsinenglishandchinesediscourses. Acorpus-basedmulti-dimensionalanalysisofbusinessEnglishregisters( p.225 ) JIANG Jinlin (SchoolofInternationalStudies,UniversityofInternationalBusinesandEconomics,Beijing100029,China) XU Jiajin (NationalResearchCentreforForeignLanguageEducation,BeijingForeignStudiesUniversity,Beijing100089, China) Thispaperpresentsamulti-feature/multi-dimensional(MF/MD)analysisoftheregisterfea- turesofbusinesenglishandtwosub-registers(i.e.economicnewsandeconomicacademicdis- course)basedonthecomparablecorporaofbusinesandgeneralenglishtexts.theresultsshow thatthe MF/MD methodisefectiveindiferentiatingbusinesenglishtextsvis- -visgeneraleng- lishones,economic newsvis- -visgeneralnews,and economicacademic discourse vis- -vis generalacademicdiscourse.thevariationacrosbusinesandgeneralenglishregistersandtheir respectivesub-registersisidentifiedalongsixfunctionaldimensions(involvedversusinformational production,narrativeversusnon-narrativeconcerns,explicitversussituation-dependentreference, overtexpresionofpersuasion,abstractversusnon-abstractinformation,andonlineinformation elaboration),andtheprominentlexico-grammaticalfeatures(basedona67-itemfeatureset)in individualregistersaresingledout.fromthediscoursefunctionperspective,businesenglishex- hibitsmoreinteractivenes(e.g.theoveruseoffirstandsecondpersonpronouns)andpersuasive- nes(e.g.theoveruseofpredictivemodalsandinfinitives); generalenglish,however,demon- stratesmoreinformationalfoci(e.g.theoveruseofpastparticipialclauses)andnarrativeconcerns (e.g.theoveruseofthirdpersonpronounsandpasttense).thestudyconcludesthatthemacro- andmicro-featuresofdiscoursefunctionandlexico-grammaticalformrevealedfromthecorporaof thebusinesenglishregisteranditssub-registersprovidearelativelyobjectivedescriptiveframeof referenceforbusinesenglishsylabusdesigners,andcurriculumandcoursedevelopers. 320