23 4 2004 11 ACTA ANTHROPOLOGICA SINICA Vol123,No14 Nov.,2004 1, 2, 3, 4, 1 (11, 100044 ; 21, 310014 ; 31, 313300 ; 41, 066600) : ( ),, 311 315cm,13, 35113 %,44183 % ;, 13 8 513 581cm,,, 40, : ; ; : K871111 : A : 100023193 (2004) 0420264217 1 ( AP003 ) ( ) 2002 10 10 13, ( ),, 1 (,2003 ;,1) ;,, ( ),,,,, 10 26,11 17, 23,,,,,, 2 015km, 21km,N130 45 1915, E1119 45 3613 (1) : 2004202224 ; : 2004208212 : (2001CCA01700) : (1931 - ),,,
4 : 265 1 (AP003) Geographical position of Shangmakan Paleolithic site (AP003),,,,, 1 58714m, 800m,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 500m,,,,,,30 40m, 215km( ),,, 300m,,,,1 115m, (),,, 10 15cm,,
266 23,,,,,, ;,,,(- ) 6m,(- ) 3m,,316m, 6m 90m 3,5 (2), 2 (AP003) Stratigraphic section of the tentatively excavation pit at Shangmakan Paleolithic site (AP003) 1 :,,,,40 50cm 2 :,,,,,,,,, 1 70 80cm 3 :,,,,, 1 100 120cm 4 :,,,, 3 10 40cm 5 :, 3 30,311 315cm,, 44183 %5cm 5A :,,,,,,,,,,,,,30cm 5B :,,,,
4 : 267,,,, 30 40cm 5C :,, 5B,5A, 5B,30cm,,, ( ) (Q2Z) :,20 30m,,,, ;,,,,,,,,, [3 ], [4 ], [4 ] (AX8704),, 11m 14,, 8, 4 ; [3 ],11, 6175m ( ) 15140m ( ) 10, 1 2,3 3, 5,,3 ; 4,5 ; 5 6 8,312 418m, 2 10 :10 6 :ESR,,4 3, ESR [5 ], [6 ], 3 S 1,4 S 2,5 B S 3, :S 1 1216,S 2 3614,S 3 4515, :5 4515,4 3614,3 1216,,2,,,, 3 107,29, 12, 66 3 1, :
268 23 1 ( AP003) Classification and statistics of the artifacts at Shangmakan Paleolithic site( AP003) ( :) 8 4 12 2 1 1 1 29 2711 2 3 1 1 3 1 1 12 1112 4 5 5 2 23 4 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 4 5 1 1 2 66 6117 14 12 6 3 38 7 2 2 2 1 1 3 1 4 7 1 1 2 107 100 1311 1112 516 218 3515 615 119 119 119 019 019 218 019 317 615 019 019 119 99198 311 29, 9, 78125mm 73138mm 51188mm ;,,( 2), 2 5,3Π4 5,,311 315mm,13, 44183 % ;513 596mm,8,27159 % (2), 29,, 3 : 31111 8, (),,, 96 109 56mm, 63 41 31mm, 1,2 4,, (,8),, 37/ 1,;38/ 1, 31112 4,,,4 1,5,,,,,,154mm,94mm,114mm,67mm, 110mm,62mm3,1 90, 60,3 80,, 2 2,1 3,,,,, 31113,51172 %,:, 3,
4 : 269 2 ( AP003) The general survey of the pebbles and stone artifacts from the tentatively excavated pit at Shangmakan Paleolithic site( AP003) T1 13Π1 340 290 100 L12 10128 47 100 23 T2 14Π1 500 140 178 L13 1113 96 109 56 T3 141 45 183 L13 1114 107 92 78 T4 15Π1 225 370 188 L13 1114 22 26 10 T5 16Π1 245 452 240 L14 1116 80 40 33 T6 490 450 240 L14 1116 78 77 75 T7 17Π1 246 65 232 L14 1116 94 93 110 T8 18Π1 192 520 274 L15 1117 69 45 100 T9 T10 60 440 266 L15 1117 74 71 35 205 260 276 L15 1117 51 43 32 T11 19Π1 196 142 289 L15 1118 75 66 38 T12 301 100 270 L15 1118 93 60 38 T13 20Π1 351 255 289 L15 1118 117 67 70 T14 200 0 265 L15 1118 108 104 87 T15 21Π1 128 377 312 L15 1119 117 41 34 T16 22Π1 215 320 293 L15 1119 69 41 41 T17 577 270 298 L15 1119 47 70 29 T18 23Π1 220 596 320 L15 11110 80 119 31 T19 24Π1 200 573 315 L15 11110 77 46 15 T20 25Π1 270 570 328 L15 11110 63 58 29 T21 26Π1 50 577 314 L15 11110 106 82 29 T22 27Π1 240 535 323 L15 11110 86 78 25 T23 28Π1 175 581 313 L15 11110 93 42 23 T24 29Π1 170 517 313 L15 11110 86 48 51 T25 30Π1 166 522 313 L15 11110 114 60 22 T26 31Π1 170 527 312 L15 11110 93 66 35 T27 32Π1 66 513 311 L15 11110 88 74 18 T28 33Π1 60 152 312 L15 11110 54 70 13 T29 34Π1 163 416 313 L15 11110 88 102 30 T30 35Π1 157 425 315 L15 11110 40 50 10 T31 36Π1 165 387 309 L15 11111 54 86 40 T32 37Π1 394 360 335 L15 11111 63 46 13 T33 38Π1 46 381 314 L15 11111 75 57 33 T34 39Π1 24 536 315 L15 11111 137 150 62 T35 40Π1 595 584 305 L65 11111 60 32 16 T36 33 150 317 L15 11111 68 70 41 T37 41Π1 400 0 302 L15 11112 154 114 78 ;
270 23 3 ( AP003) ( : ) Classification, measurement and statistics of the stone artifacts from the tentatively excavated pit at Shangmakan Paleolithic site( AP003) 8 8 4 12 2 1 1 1 21162 21162 10181 32143 5141 2170 2170 2170 81100 78125 125150 73125 70100 40100 60100 106100 69175 73138 106100 73133 52100 35100 32100 82100 53138 51188 82125 25133 22100 10100 16100 59100 Π 74175 100142 107100 80100 79100,,,, 1,,13 27 [6 ],,,,,, 103 101, ;,,, 2 3 24/ 1,, 2 (,6) 3 1,5,,7, 5, 1 2,,1,22 114mm, 26 119mm, 10 35mm, 1,10,1, (,1),3,,,, 2Π3, 1Π3, [6 ] 1 ( 0126) 4488 135, 120 1,110,,,,1, 1Π2,, 1, () (,2) 1,2, 1/ 3 1/ 5 1,, 1Π3,3 ( 5 ),,3, (,10),,(,9) (,10) 3,,: 30/ 1 (,3), 2 1 (114 60),,
4 : 271 0126,,,, (,13),1Π3, 4,, 1 1/ 36, 28/ 1 (,5 7) (93 42) ( ),,,,, (26 19mm),,,, 5 (3) 13/ 1 (,6), 2,,,,,,, (47 100) 31114,,,,,,80,,, ; (106 82 29mm),,, 3 Flake2blade,28Π1,,, 60,, 31115,, 5,,1, ;,,,,, 312 12,(215m),2 (1/ 1 8/ 1 ) 5,5 3,,,, 31211 2,,,,13815mm,62mm,42mm,,,,6/ 1
272 23,;(11/ 1 ), 31212 5,,, 3, 7110mm, 11910mm,115mm,1Π1 (,2003) ;1,139mm, 169mm,81mm, 93 86 ;1,3,,, 68 74 82,9/ 1,64 105mm 31213 4,3, 1 ( ), (77 59 22mm),, 107,, 4 2,1,6213mm,7517mm, 2313mm,9713 (,5),, 1, 1,, 1Π2, 1,,,, 2 3,,90 1,10/ 1 (,9),(),,,,,,,,,,(4) 3/ 1, 31214 4 ( ) Flake (showing exchanged direction striking on the dorsal surface),10π1 1,,,,,, (,6),,,,,80,156mm,82mm,75mm,1 248g 31215,,
4 : 273, 313 66,,,,,,,,,,,, [7 ],,,, : () 101mm 200mm ( ) 51 100mm 102 200mm,50mm 100mm ;,20 %,4, 31311 4,,,,,,,, 31312 12, 5, 2,,, 190mm, 71mm, 191mm, 49mm, 158mm, 43mm, 3,106 4 ( AP003) ( : ) Classification, measurement and statistics of the stone artifacts broken a way from the deposits of Shangmakan paleolithic site ( AP003) 4 5 5 2 23 4 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 4 5 1 1 2 66 611 716 716 310 3418 611 115 115 310 115 115 415 115 611 716 115 115 310 99199 9313 12510 11018 8010 5615 6318 4610 8910 4915 8510 3510 4317 9510 11110 12215 15110 11010 10310 10413 13614 13414 8710 5712 4218 4010 5510 4410 5610 3610 3813 5610 8510 7813 14110 9010 9615 5810 6712 9614 8310 2012 2110 1310 3110 1610 1810 1910 1617 1810 3615 4313 6510 6010 10515 8612 9117 9815 10817 11413 1) 8210 6610 7610 6110 6117 6110 6812 6815 8915 75Π75 1) 11818 1),
274 23,, 71 190mm,74 191mm,43 83mm,61 115,, 4, 1,,, ;,2,, 1,, 2 7,3,2,,,,80 (83 10515 ),, 3, 90 2,1 10/ 0 (,7),90,,,, 56 71,,5 3 2 1,,,,, 97 98,, 6,,,,,, 86, 90, 114,39Π0 (,11),, 7,;1, 10, 31313 1, 4 23,,,,,1, 3, 1,,, 109mm, 38mm, 60mm, 29mm, 34mm, 9mm,, 126, 100,,,,,;,3,1 1Π2,,, 1,,,, 3, (5),, 1,(),,123mm, 27mm,161mm,21mm,47mm,7mm 9, 14,, 1Π2 1),12/ 11,10/ 10 (13 10), 1,20/ 0,60 29,0 () 10112(,8) 5, 8 (,4) 1),,
4 : 275,,16,42/ 0 (,1),7,1,, 78 ( 3 ), 140, 120 8,1 40, 8, 4, 11, 5 A half flake,6π0,;, 1 (,3),,,, 1,,, : 1,14,5, 1Π2 3,1 9 8,3 3,,,1, 2, 5,,,, 3, 47Π0, 13mm, 42 (,1),,1Π4,,,,,, 1Π0 (,2), 4Π0 (100 110 48mm), 1Π0 (123 161 47mm),,18,,121,,,1,,,,,,120,, [8 ], 31314 22,19,1 2,:, 8614 %,,,,,,,,,, 230mm, 500g, 180mm,
276 23 300g,,, 44Π0 (,11),, 9,6, 2, 1,,6 3 6,4, 95 56 18mm, 16 30 7mm,(,2003,3B),,,, (4 ),3, 1,,,,52 81,2 70,70,(1 ),, 10,9,1,6,4,, 90 158mm, 71 144mm, 14 65mm,,,5, 2,, 1,,,,, 56,, 37Π0 (,12),,151 141 65mm, 1472g,,,,86 75,,,,,,(2 3 ) 1 (53/ 0 ),,,,,,,,, 75 82, (,4 ;6), : [1 ] 2,,,,, (102 103 105mm,104 94 106mm),, 108,141,120,,:,, [1 ] 31315,,, ;,,,,,,,
4 : 277 6 Short pick,53π0 ;,,,1Π3,,,, ;,, 4,,,,ESR, 40, 2 3,, :,,, (70 ),,,,,,,,,, : ;1 5,,!
278 23 : [ 1 ],,. [J ].,2003,22 (2) :105 116. [ 2 ]. [M]1 :,1979. [ 3 ]. 1988 [J ]1,1997,16 (2) :96 106. [ 4 ],,,. [J ].,1992,11 (2) :134 141. [ 5 ],,,. ESR [J ].,1996,33 (3) :293 300. [ 6 ],. [J ].,1995, (2) :107 116. [ 7 ]. 54 100 [J ]1,1993,12 (3) :195 213. [ 8 ]. (1966 1968) :[M]1 :,1976, 105 109. A STUDY OF STONE ARTIFACTS FOUND FROM THE SHANGMAKAN PAL EOL ITHIC SITE IN ANJI COUNTY, ZHEJIANG PROVINCE ZHAN G Sen2shui 1, XU Xin2min 2, QIU Hong2liang 3, WAN G En2lin 4, LUO Zhi2gang 1 (11 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044 ; 21 Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Hangzhou 310014 ; 31 Anji County Museum, Dipu 313300 ;41 Cultural Relics Administration Office, Changli County, Changli 066600) Abstract : One hundred and seven pieces of stone artifacts collected from the Shangmakan paleolithic site in Anji County, Zhejiang Province have been described and analyzed in this paper. On the basis of the characters of these stone artifacts, the assemblage belongs to the Principal Paleolithic Industry of South China. Within the deposition sequence of the site exposed by the tentative excavation, an artifact concentration surface was identified, laid about 311 315cm underneath the top of the second terrace. Thirteen artifacts were unearthed from this surface. These make up 4418 % of the total stone artifacts discovered from the excavation pit at the site. The age of the site may be dated ranging from about 0145 Ma Bp to the Upper Pleistocene according to stratigraphic comparisons with the Chenshan Paleo2 lithic site in Xuanzhou County, Anhui province and ESR dates derived from the site. Shangmakan Paleolithic site is the first Paleolithic site found in Zhejiang Province. Preliminary investigation at the site indicates that it is of significant value to the study of South China s prehistory, and it may become one of the most important Paleolithic sites in South China if multi2disciplinary stud2 ies will be conducted in the future. Key words : Lithic artifacts ; Paleolithic ; Shangmakan
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