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1 Istruzioni per installazione, uso e manutenzione Installation, use and maintenance instructions 安装 使用及维护手册 I GB CN Bruciatori industriali di gas Industrial gas burners 工业燃气燃烧器 Funzionamento bistadio progressivo o modulante Progressive two-stage or modulating operation 平滑两段火或比例调节运行 CODICE - CODE 代码 MODELLO - MODEL 型号 TIPO - TYPE 类型 DB4 SM C0 TC A80 FS T X DB4 SM C0 TC A0 FS T X (4) - 0/04

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3 Avvertenze generali Informazioni sul manuale Destinatari Documentazione collegata Questo manuale costituisce parte integrante del prodotto e non va da esso separato. Leggerlo attentamente in quanto fornisce importanti indicazioni riguardanti l'installazione, l'uso e la manutenzione del bruciatore; conservarlo con cura per ogni ulteriore consultazione. Questo manuale è stato realizzato per un utilizzo da parte di personale che ha già familiarità con tutti gli aspetti connessi a bruciatori ad olio e a gas. Questi aspetti sono inerenti a: - installazione; - uso; - manutenzione; - sicurezza. Per i destinatari di tale manuale si presume inoltre una qualificata ed un adeguata esperienza su questo tipo di apparecchi e sul loro tipico ambiente di funzionamento. - Rampe gas - Schema quadro di controllo - Regolatore di potenza (modulante)

4 Indice CAPITOLO Introduzione pagina Descrizione codice di selezione Specifica del tipo e codifica bruciatori CAPITOLO Descrizione del bruciatore Dati tecnici Campo di lavoro Componenti del bruciatore Dimensioni di ingombro Perdite di carico lato aria (rilevata a monte serranda con apertura completa) Perdite di carico lato gas CAPITOLO Installazione Rimozione viti di blocco dell otturatore Lunghezza boccaglio Fissaggio del bruciatore alla caldaia Accessibilità parte interna della testa CAPITOLO 4 Alimentazione al bruciatore Schema generale di alimentazione gas (esempio) Collegamenti elettrici CAPITOLO 5 Preparazione all avviamento Regolazione della testa di combustione Posizione elettrodo e sonda ionizzazione Regolazione servomotore Regolazione aria/combustibile Taratura dei pressostati Controllo presenza fiamma Verifiche periodiche CAPITOLO 6 Manutenzione Problemi e procedure di risoluzione

5 Introduzione. Descrizione codice di selezione. Specifica del tipo e codifica bruciatori DB 4 S M CO... TC A-0 T50 Temperatura max. dell aria T50 = 50 C T50 = 50 C T50 = 50 C Alimentazione aria comburente A-0 = dal basso A-90 = da destra A-80 = dall alto A-70 = da sinistra TIPO CODICE DB 4 SM CO TC A DB 4 SM CO TC A Testa TC = testa standard TL = testa lunga TXL = testa speciale CO = fiamma gialla CO = fiamma blu Regolazione E = camma elettronica M = progressivo (modulante, camma meccanica) Combustibile L = gasolio N = olio combustibile NA = olio combustibile atom. assistita P = GPL S = gas naturale LP = gasolio / GPL LS = gasolio / gas naturale NP = olio combustibile / GPL NS = olio combustibile / gas naturale NAP = olio comb. atom. assistita / GPL NAS = olio comb. atom. assistita / gas naturale Grandezza - 4 Serie

6 Descrizione del bruciatore. Dati tecnici Modello DB4 SM C0 Capacità Min./Max. gas naturale kw Regolazione potenza Modulante Combustibile Gas naturale (G 0) - PCI 0 kwh/nm Gas naturale (G 5) - PCI 8,6 kwh/nm Temperatura aria comburente Max. 50 C Alimentazione elettrica 0 V +/-0% 50/60 Hz Accensione Elettrica Controllo fiamma Standard ( arresto ogni 4 ore) FS. Campo di lavoro S C Temperatura aria 50 C 50 C GAS DB kw Fig. 4

7 CAPITOLO Descrizione del bruciatore. Componenti del bruciatore D Fig. Legenda Cassa d aria Coperchio Servomotore 4 Cassetta con morsettiera per collegamenti elettrici 5 Flangia di attacco alla caldaia 6 Testa di combustione 7 Presa di pressione gas alla testa di combustione 8 Elettrodo di accensione 9 Flangia di attacco condotto aria 0 Visore fiamma Sonda ionizzazione Pressostato aria Pressostato gas di massima con presa pressione 4 Flangia attacco gas 5 Otturatore 6 Leva per movimento testa di combustione 7 Leva comando serrande aria 8 Leva comando farfalla gas 9 Camma a profilo variabile 0 Presa di pressione aria alla testa di combustione Viti di blocco otturatore per il trasporto (rimuovere prima di montare il bruciatore alla caldaia) 5

8 CAPITOLO Descrizione del bruciatore.4 Dimensioni di ingombro D 695 Fig. DIMENSIONI FLANGE Collegamento canale aria Fissaggio alla caldaia Alimentazione gas M 8 M Fig. 4 D D7884 Fig. 5 Fig. 6 65, D7885 6

9 CAPITOLO Descrizione del bruciatore.5 Perdite di carico lato aria (rilevata a monte serranda con apertura completa) D06 p [mbar] C 0 Potenza bruciatore Pb [kw] Fig. 7 Le curve di pressione si riferiscono alle condizioni di regolazione della testa di combustione secondo la tabella di pag.. Vedere Paragrafo 5.. In caso di aria di alimentazione con temperatura maggiore di 0 C e/o altitudine maggiore di 00 m. s.l.m., le perdite di carico della testa riportate nel grafico vanno moltiplicate per il coefficiente K c indicato nella tabella sottostante.. K c Altitudine Temperatura aria C m. s.l.m ,90 0,988,055,,90,57,5,9,459,57,594,66, ,9,000,069,7,05,7,4,40,478,547,65,68, ,976,047,9,90,6,,405,477,548,60,69,76, ,007,080,54,8,0,75,449,5,596,670,744,88,98 000,08,4,90,66,4,48,494,570,646,7,798,874,988 50,069,47,6,04,8,460,59,67,695,774,85,90, ,0,8,6,44,45,505,586,667,747,88,909,990, 750,0,,95,78,46,544,66,709,79,875,957,040,64 000,74,60,46,4,58,604,690,776,86,948,04,0,49 50,06,94,8,47,559,647,76,84,9,00,09,77,0 500,5,4,44,56,68,709,80,89,984,076,68,59,97 750,84,78,47,566,660,754,848,94,06,0,4,8, ,0,47,54,60,707,804,90,997,094,9,87,84,59 Esempio per DB 4 Potenza bruciata = 4000 kw - Altitudine = 750 m. s.l.m. - Temperatura aria comburente = 0 C Dal diagramma, per una potenza di 7000 kw, si ricava una perdita di carico totale alla testa pari a: p 0 = 0 mbar (aria comburente a 0 C ed altitudine 00 m. s.l.m.). Dalla tabella si trova un coefficiente moltiplicativo, per aria comburente a 0 C ed altitudine 750 m. s.l.m., pari a K c =,449. La perdita di carico totale della testa del bruciatore è: p = p 0 x K c = 0 x,449 = 9 mbar. 7

10 CAPITOLO Descrizione del bruciatore.6 Perdite di carico lato gas 40 0 Perdite testa di combustione D07 La pressione del gas in funzione della potenza massima sviluppata dal bruciatore è data dalle curve di Fig. 8. Rappresenta la perdita di carico della testa di combustione. Fig. 8 p [mbar] 0 0 DB Gas naturale G 0 - P.C.I. = 0 kwh/nm Le curve sono state ricavate nelle seguenti condizioni: pressione misurata alla presa posta sul pressostato a valle della farfalla gas; camera di combustione a 0 mbar; bruciatore funzionante a piena potenza. Pb (potenza bruciatore) [kw] La perdita di pressione della 0 Perdite valvola a farfalla D754 valvola a farfalla totalmente aperta è riportata in Fig p [mbar] mbar Fig. 9 Pb (potenza bruciatore) [kw] KW 8

11 Installazione. Rimozione viti di blocco dell otturatore Prima di montare il bruciatore sulla caldaia rimuovere le viti e i dadi )-). Sostituirli con le viti ) M x5 fornite a corredo.. Lunghezza boccaglio (Fig. ) La lunghezza del boccaglio va scelta secondo le indicazioni del costruttore della caldaia e, in ogni caso, deve essere maggiore dello spessore della porta della caldaia, completa di refrattario. Per le caldaie con giro dei fumi anteriore ), o con camera ad inversione di fiamma, eseguire una protezione in materiale refrattario 5), tra refrattario caldaia ) e imbuto fiamma 4). D05 Fig. 0 La protezione deve consentire al boccaglio di essere estratto. Per le caldaie con il frontale raffreddato ad acqua non è necessario il rivestimento refrattario )-5)(Fig. ), se non vi è espressa richiesta del costruttore della caldaia.. Fissaggio del bruciatore alla caldaia (Fig. ) Predisporre un adeguato sistema di sollevamento agganciandosi agli anelli ). Infilare la protezione termica data a corredo sul boccaglio 4). Infilare tutto il bruciatore sul foro caldaia, precedentemente predisposto e fissare con le viti date a corredo. La tenuta bruciatore-caldaia deve essere ermetica D0 Fig. 9

12 CAPITOLO Installazione.4 Accessibilità parte interna della testa D0 7 Fig. Togliere tensione. Dopo aver tolto il coperchio ) e la piastra ), sganciare i cavi elettrodo ) e sonda 4) dalla testa di combustione. Girare in senso antiorario la parte sottostante del gomito 5) fino a svincolarla dalla sede. Svitare la vite 6) con presa di pressione. Estrarre la parte interna della testa 7). 0

13 4 Alimentazione al bruciatore 4. Schema generale di alimentazione gas (esempio) D754 max. 500 mbar 0,5 4 bar Legenda C Giunto antivibrante GF Filtro gas HPG Regolatore alta pressione gas LPG Regolatore bassa pressione gas MM Manometro PA Pressostato aria di minima PGM Pressostato gas di massima PGm RG SRV VE VPS VR VS Fig. Pressostato gas di minima Farfalla gas Valvola limitatrice di pressione con scarico in atmosfera Ventilatore Controllo di tenuta elettrovalvole gas Elettrovalvola di regolazione gas Elettrovalvola di sicurezza gas

14 CAPITOLO 4 Alimentazione al bruciatore 4. Collegamenti elettrici XP Morsettiera bruciatore PA Pressostato aria PGM Pressostato gas di massima SM Servomotore ION Sonda ionizzazione TA Trasformatore di accensione XTB Terra bruciatore

15 5 Preparazione all avviamento 5. Regolazione della testa di combustione Il servomotore ) Fig., varia la portata d aria in funzione della richiesta di potenza, e manualmente si varia la regolazione della testa di combustione. Questo sistema permette una regolazione ottimale anche al minimo del campo di lavoro. A parità di rotazione del servomotore, è possibile variare l apertura della testa di combustione spostando la leva () sui fori , Fig. 4 dopo aver allentato la vite (). La scelta del foro ( ) da utilizzare si determina dal diagramma (Fig. 5) in base alla potenza massima richiesta. In fabbrica la regolazione viene predisposta per la posizione minima (foro 0). 7 6 D Fig. 4 D Posizione elettrodo e sonda ionizzazione Controllare che l elettrodo e la sonda di ionizzazione siano posizionati come in Fig kw Fig. 5 4 ± 0.5 mm Elettrodo Sonda.5mm 6mm D4 Fig. 6

16 CAPITOLO 5 Preparazione all avviamento 5. Regolazione servomotore - 4 : Camma di fine corsa (max apertura serranda aria) : Camma di fine corsa (chiusura serranda aria) - 5 : Camma di posizione portata minima (e di accensione) 6 : Indice di lettura posizionamento 7 : Sblocco servomotore Il servomotore regola contemporaneamente, tramite rinvii, portata e pressione dell aria, e portata del combustibile in uso. E dotato di camme regolabili che azionano altrettanti commutatori. Camma pos.: limita la massima apertura servomotore. Camma pos.: limita il fine corsa del servomotore sulla posizione 0. A bruciatore spento la serranda dell aria risulta completamente chiusa. Camma pos.: determina la posizione minima di modulazione. Viene tarata in fabbrica a circa 0 (un solo combustibile). Camma pos.4: limita la massima apertura del servomotore (per bruciatori misti in funzionamento a gas). Camma pos.5: limita la portata minima. Viene tarata in fabbrica a circa 0 (per bruciatori misti in funzionamento a gas). Camme rest: disponibili. Importante: Non superare, per i fine corsa max, (camma - 4) la posizione di 0. D500 Fig Regolazione aria/combustibile La sincronizzazione combustibile/comburente viene fatta per mezzo di un servomotore che, collegato ad una camma a profilo variabile, agisce sulle serrande dell'aria in mandata e, tramite opportuni levismi, sulla testa di combustione e sulla farfalla gas. E' consigliabile, per ridurre le perdite e per avere un ampio campo di taratura, regolare il servomotore al massimo della potenza utilizzata, il più vicino possibile alla massima apertura (0 ). Sulla farfalla gas, la parzializzazione del combustibile in funzione della potenzialità richiesta, a servomotore completamente aperto, viene fatta attraverso lo stabilizzatore di pressione posto sulla rampa. Durante le operazioni di taratura del rapporto aria/combustibile per bruciatori a gas occorre agire sulle camme a profilo variabile dell aria e del gas, Fig Camma Viti di regolazione Viti di bloccaggio 4 Profilo variabile Fig. 9 D499 4

17 CAPITOLO 5 Preparazione all avviamento Procedura per la taratura del bruciatore Portare il commutatore AUTO / MAN, posto sul pannello di controllo, nella posizione MAN (manuale). Accendere il bruciatore. Se l accensione non avviene può essere che il gas non arrivi alla testa di combustione entro il tempo di sicurezza di s. Aumentare allora la portata di gas all accensione. Ad accensione avvenuta si può procedere alla completa taratura e regolazione del bruciatore. Potenza massima La potenza massima va scelta entro il campo di lavoro max, vedere Fig.. Regolazione gas max. Aumentare progressivamente la potenza, verificando di non superare la portata gas massima, portandosi a 0 del servomotore ed eventualmente procedendo ad un primo aggiustamento di massima della camma aria. A questo punto agire possibilmente sull organo di regolazione della pressione in modo da ottenere la massima portata richiesta con la farfalla gas completamente aperta (90 ), oppure agire sul profilo della camma gas mediante le viti () Fig. 9 e/o sulla valvola di regolazione della rampa gas. Regolazione aria max. Variare il profilo finale della camma aria agendo sulle viti () Fig. 9. Non agire su una sola vite ma anche su quelle vicine in modo che la curvatura della camma sia progressiva. Potenza minima Regolazione gas min. Portarsi con l interruttore manuale alla corsa minima (taratura di fabbrica 0 ). Variare il profilo della camma gas agendo sulle viti (). Regolazione aria min. Variare il profilo iniziale della camma aria agendo sulle viti () della camma a profilo variabile dell aria. Fare attenzione a non modificare la parte di profilo finale della camma che regola la serranda alla massima portata, precedentemente definita. Potenze intermedie Portarsi con l interruttore manuale sulle posizioni intermedie. La regolazione del rapporto aria/gas viene effettuato variando il profilo delle camme aria e gas tramite le apposite viti. Fare attenzione a non variare le parti finali dei profili delle camme aria e gas precedentemente definite. A regolazione ultimata, bloccare le viti trasversali delle camme a profilo variabile. 5

18 CAPITOLO 5 Preparazione all avviamento 5.5 Taratura dei pressostati Pressostato aria Eseguire la regolazione del pressostato aria dopo aver effettuato tutte le altre regolazioni del bruciatore con il pressostato aria regolato a inizio scala (Fig. 0). Con il bruciatore funzionante alla potenza MAX aumentare la pressione di regolazione girando lentamente in senso orario l'apposita manopolina fino al blocco del bruciatore. Girare quindi la manopolina in senso antiorario di un valore pari a circa il 0% del valore regolato e verificare successivamente il corretto avviamento del bruciatore. Se il bruciatore blocca nuovamente, girare ancora un poco la manopolina in senso antiorario. Attenzione : per norma, il pressostato aria deve impedire che il CO nei fumi superi l' % (0.000 ppm). Per accertarsi di ciò, inserire un analizzatore della combustione nel camino, chiudere lentamente l aspirazione del ventilatore (per esempio con un cartone) e verificare che avvenga il blocco del bruciatore prima che il CO nei fumi superi l'%. D5 Fig. 0 Pressostato gas di massima Eseguire la regolazione del pressostato gas di massima dopo aver effettuato tutte le altre regolazioni del bruciatore con il pressostato gas di massima regolato a fine scala (Fig. ). Con il bruciatore funzionante alla potenza massima, diminuire la pressione di regolazione girando lentamente in senso antiorario l'apposita manopolina fino al blocco del bruciatore. Girare quindi in senso orario la manopolina di mbar e ripetere l'avviamento del bruciatore. Se il bruciatore si arresta nuovamente, girare ancora in senso orario di mbar. D57 Fig. Pressostato gas di minima Eseguire la regolazione del pressostato gas di minima dopo aver effettuato tutte le altre regolazioni del bruciatore con il pressostato regolato a inizio scala (Fig. ). Con il bruciatore funzionante alla potenza massima, aumentare la pressione di regolazione girando lentamente in senso orario l'apposita manopolina fino all'arresto del bruciatore. Girare quindi in senso antiorario la manopolina di mbar e ripetere l'avviamento del bruciatore per verificarne la regolarità. Se il bruciatore si arresta nuovamente, girare ancora in senso antiorario di mbar. D57 Fig. Controlli finali Prima di lasciare l impianto: - verificare l efficenza dei dispositivi di regolazione e sicurezza; - controllare che tutti i sistemi di bloccaggio meccanico dei dispositivi di regolazione siano ben serrati. 6

19 CAPITOLO 5 Preparazione all avviamento 5.6 Controllo presenza fiamma Il bruciatore è dotato del sistema ad ionizzazione per controllare la presenza della fiamma. La corrente minima per far funzionare l'apparecchiatura è di 6 µa. Il bruciatore fornisce una corrente nettamente superiore, tale da non richiedere normalmente alcun controllo. Qualora, tuttavia, si voglia misurare la corrente di ionizzazione bisogna disinserire la spina-presa posta sul cavo della sonda di ionizzazione ed inserire un microamperometro per corrente continua da 00 µa fondo scala. Attenzione alla polarità! A - + D097 Fig. 5.7 Verifiche periodiche Si consigliano le seguenti verifiche: LISTA DI VERIFICA MENSILE Verificare la sonda di ionizzazione ed eventualmente pulirla. Verificare ed eventualmente pulire il dispositivo di accensione. Controllare il corretto valore delle pressioni del combustibile e dell aria. 4 Verificare il corretto movimento e la taratura della serranda aria e dei levismi collegati. 5 Verificare la sequenza di avviamento e gli interblocchi di sicurezza simulando la relativa condizione di anomalia. LISTA DI VERIFICA ANNUALE Verifica di tenuta delle valvole di blocco del combustibile. Verifica delle tarature dei pressostati. Controllo visivo dei cavi e connettori. 4 Verifica e pulizia delle prese di pressione. 5 Verifica delle tubazioni dell installazione per eventuali perdite. 6 Controllo visivo di eventuali danni e/o deformazioni dei seguenti componenti: - gruppo cilindro/distributore; - disco fiamma; - gruppo di accensione; - tubi fiamma. 7

20 6 Manutenzione 6. Problemi e procedure di risoluzione Quando si verifica un malfunzionamento del bruciatore occorre prima di tutto: controllare che i collegamenti elettrici siano stati eseguiti correttamente; accertarsi che vi sia la disponibilità della portata di combustibili; controllare che tutti i parametri di regolazione (per es. temperatura acqua caldaia o pressione vapore caldaia) siano tarati correttamente. Inconveniente Causa probabile Rimedio consigliato Il bruciatore non si avvia Il bruciatore non si avvia ed appare il blocco Il bruciatore si avvia e poi si arresta in blocco Il bruciatore si avvia e poi resta in blocco Superata la preventilazione ed il tempo di sicurezza il bruciatore va in blocco senza apparizione fiamma Va in blocco con apparizione di fiamma Il bruciatore continua a ripetere il ciclo di avviamento senza blocco Manca l'energia elettrica chiudere interruttori - Controllare collegamenti Un telecomando di limite o di sicurezza aperto.....regolarlo o sostituirlo Blocco controllo fiamma sbloccare Fusibile apparecchiatura interrotto sostituirlo Collegamenti elettrici errati controllarli Controllo fiamma difettoso sostituirlo Manca il gas aprire valvole manuali tra contatore e rampa Pressione gas in rete insufficiente sentire AZIENDA DEL GAS Pressostato gas di min. non chiude regolarlo o sostituirlo Pressostato aria in posizione di funzionamento....regolarlo o sostituirlo Simulazione di fiamma sostituire l'apparecchiatura Pressostato aria non commuta per pressione aria insufficiente: Pressostato aria mal regolato regolarlo o sostituirlo Tubetto presa pressione del pressostato ostruito...pulirlo Testa mal regolata regolarla Avaria al circuito rivelazione fiamma sostituire apparecchiatura L elettrovalvola VR fa passare poco gas aumentarlo L elettrovalvola VR o VS non si apre sostituire bobina o pannello raddrizzatore Pressione gas troppo bassa aumentarla al regolatore Trasformatore d accensione difettoso sostituirlo Collegamenti elettrici valvole o trasformatore......rifarli d accensione non correnti Apparecchiatura elettrica difettosa sostituirla Una valvola a monte della rampa gas, chiusa.....aprirla Aria nei condotti sfiatarla L elettrovalvola VR fa passare poco gas aumentarlo Intervento pressostato gas di max regolarlo o sostituirlo Apparecchiatura elettrica difettosa sostituirla La pressione del gas in rete è vicina al valore.....ridurre la pressione d intervento del sul quale è regolato il pressostato gas di min......pressostato gas di min. Il calo di pressione repentino che segue sostituire la cartuccia del filtro gas l apertura della valvola provoca l apertura temporanea del pressostato stesso, subito la valvola chiude e si ferma il bruciatore. La pressione torna ad aumentare, il pressostato richiude e fa ripetere il ciclo di avviamento. E così via. 8

21 CAPITOLO 6 Manutenzione Inconveniente Causa probabile Rimedio consigliato In funzionamento il bruciatore si ferma in blocco Blocco all arresto del bruciatore Accensione con pulsazioni Guasto al pressostato aria sostituirlo Intervento del pressostato gas di max regolarlo o sostituirlo Permanenza di fiamma nella testa di eliminare permanenza di fiamma combustione o simulazione di fiamma o sostituire apparecchiatura Testa mal regolata regolarla Serranda ventilatore mal regolata, troppa aria.....regolarla Potenza all accensione troppo elevata ridurla 9

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23 General warnings Informations about the handbook Who should receive it Relative documentation This handbook is a supplement to the burner and must always be kept with it. It should be read carefully as it supplies important information for installation, use and maintenance; it should be kept in a safe place for future consultation. This handbook has been prepared for people who already have a working knowledge of all aspects involving oil and gas burners. These aspects refer to: - installation; - use; - maintenance; - safety. Those who receive the handbook should also have qualified and sufficient experience in this sort of appliance and typical working environments. - Gas trains - Control panel diagram - Output regulator (modulating)

24 Index CHAPTER Introduction page Selection code description Specification of the burner type and coding CHAPTER Burner description Technical data Firing rate Burner components Overall dimensions Air side pressure drop (taken upstream from the completely open air damper) Gas side pressure drop CHAPTER Installation Removal of the locking screws from the shutter Blast tube length Securing the burner to the boiler Accessibility to the interior of the combustion head CHAPTER 4 Fuel supply General gas supply layout (example) Wiring diagram CHAPTER 5 Preparation for start up Combustion head setting Position electrode and ionization probe Servomotor adjustment Air/fuel adjustment Pressure switches setting Flame present check Periodic checks CHAPTER 6 Maintenance Problems and remedies

25 Introduction. Selection code description. Specification of the burner type and coding DB 4 S M CO... TC A-0 T50 Max. air temperature T50 = 50 C T50 = 50 C T50 = 50 C Combustive air supply A-0 = from below A-90 = from the right A-80 = from above A-70 = from the left TYPE CODE DB 4 SM CO TC A DB 4 SM CO TC A Combustion head TC = standard head TL = long head TXL = special head CO = yellow flame CO = blue flame Adjustment E = electronic cam M = progressive (modulating, mechanical cam) Fuel L = light oil N = fuel oil NA = fuel oil assisted atomisation P = LPG S = natural gas LP = light oil / LPG LS = light oil / natural gas NP = fuel oil / LPG NS = fuel oil / natural gas NAP = fuel oil assisted atomisation / LPG NAS = fuel oil assisted atomisation / natural gas Series Size - 4

26 Burner description. Technical data Model DB4 SM C0 Capacity Min./Max. natural gas kw Output adjustment Modulating Fuel Natural gas (G 0) - Net calorific value 0 kwh/nm Natural gas (G 5) - Net calorific value 8.6 kwh/nm Combustive air temperature Max. 50 C Electrical supply 0 V +/-0% 50/60 Hz Ignition Electrical Flame control Standard ( stop in 4 hours) FS. Firing rate S C Air temperature 50 C 50 C GAS DB kw Fig. 4

27 CHAPTER Burner description. Burner components D Fig. Key Air box Cover Servomotor 4 Control box base for electrical connections 5 Boiler attachment flange 6 Combustion head 7 Gas pressure test point on combustion head 8 Electrode 8 Ignition electrode 9 Air pipe attachment flange Ionisation probe Air pressure switch Maximum gas pressure switch with pressure test point 4 Gas connection flange 5 Shutter 6 Lever for moving combustion head 7 Air damper command lever 8 Gas butterfly valve command lever 9 Variable profile cam 0 Air pressure test point of combustion head Locking screws of the shutter for the transport (remove before fixing the burner to the boiler) 5

28 CHAPTER Burner description.4 Overall dimensions D 695 Fig. FLANGE DIMENSIONS Air duct connection Fixing to the boiler Gas supply M 8 M Fig. 4 D D7884 Fig. 5 Fig. 6 65, D7885 6

29 CHAPTER Burner description.5 Air side pressure drop (taken upstream from the completely open air damper) D06 p [mbar] C 0 Burner output Pb [kw] Fig. 7 The pressure curves refer to the different adjustment conditions for the combustion head in accordance to the table on page. Refer to Paragraph 5.. In the case of air supply at a higher temperature than 0 C and/or an altitude higher than 00 m. a.s.l., the pressure drop in the head that is shown in the graph must be multiplied by the K c coefficient as indicated in the table below. K c Altitude Air temperature C m. a.s.l Example for DB 4 Burnt output = 4000 kw - Altitude = 750 m. a.s.l. - Combustive air temperature = 0 C From the diagram, with an output of 7000 kw, a total head pressure drop is shown of: p 0 = 0 mbar (combustive air at 0 C and altitude 00 m. a.s.l.). The table gives a multiplying coefficient, for combustive air at 0 C and altitude 750 m. a.s.l., equal to K c =.449. The total pressure drop of the burner head is: p = p 0 x K c = 0 x.449 = 9 mbar. 7

30 CHAPTER Burner description.6 Gas side pressure drop 40 0 Head pressure drop D07 Gas pressure on the basis of the maximum output developed by the burner is given by the curves in Fig. 8. It represents the pressure drop in the combustion head. Fig. 8 p [mbar] 0 0 DB Pb (Burner output) [kw] Natural gas G 0 - Net calorific value = 0 kwh/nm The curves were taken in the following conditions: pressure measured at the test point on the pressure switch downstream from the gas butterfly valve; combustion chamber at 0 mbar; burner working at full output. 0 Butterfly valve pressure drop D754 The pressure drop of the completely open butterfly valve is given in Fig p [mbar] mbar Fig. 9 Pb (Burner output) [kw] KW 8

31 Installation. Removal of the locking screws from the shutter Remove the screws and the nuts ) and ), before installing the burner on the boiler. Replace them with the screws ) M X 5 supplied with the burner.. Blast tube length (Fig. ) The length of the blast tube must be selected according to the indications Fig. 0 provided by the manufacturer of the boiler, and in any case it must be greater than the thickness of the boiler door complete with its fettling. For boilers with front flue passes ) or flame inversion chambers, protective fettling in refractory material 5) must be inserted between the boiler fettling ) and end cone 4). This protective fettling must not compromise the extraction of the blast tube. For boilers having a water-cooled front the refractory fettling )- 5)(Fig. ) is not required unless it is expressly requested by the boiler manufacturer.. Securing the burner to the boiler (Fig. ) D05 Prepare an adequate system of hoisting by hooking onto the rings ). Slip the thermal protection (standard equipment) onto the blast tube 4). Place entire burner on the boiler hole arranged previously and fasten with the screws given as standard equipment. The coupling of the burner-boiler must be air-tight D0 Fig. 9

32 CHAPTER Installation.4 Accessibility to the interior of the combustion head D0 7 Fig. Switch off the electrical power. After removing the cover ) and the plate ), disconnect the cables of the electrode ) and probe 4) from the combustion head. Turn the under part of the elbow 9) anticlockwise until it comes free of its slot. Unscrew screw 0) with pressure test point. Extract the internal part ) of the combustion head. With burner closed, the accessibility to the interior combustion head is possible by removing the cover ). 0

33 4 Fuel supply 4. General gas supply layout (example) D754 max. 500 mbar 0,5 4 bar Fig. Key C Anti-vibration joint PGm Minimum gas pressure switch GF Gas filter RG Gas butterfly valve HPG High gas pressure regulator SRV Pressure limiting valve with outlet into the environment LPG Low gas pressure regulator VE Fan MM Pressure gauge VPS Leak detection control device PA Minimum air pressure switch VR Gas pressure regulator solenoid valve PGM Maximum gas pressure switch VS Gas safety solenoid valve

34 CHAPTER 4 Fuel supply 4. Wiring diagram XP Burner terminal strip PA Air pressure switch PGM Maximum gas pressure switch SM Servomotor ION Ionisation probe TA Ignition transformer XTB Burner earth

35 5 Preparation for start up 5. Combustion head setting The servomotor ) Fig. varies the air flow depending on the output requested and manually also the setting of the combustion head. This system allows an optimal setting even at a minimum firing rate. For the same servomotor rotation, combustion head opening can be varied by moving the lever onto holes , Fig. 4, after loosening the screw ). The choice of the hole ( ) to be used is decided on the basis of diagram (Fig. 5) against the required maximum output. Setting is pre-arranged in the plant for the minimum position (hole 0). 7 6 D Fig. 4 D Position electrode and ionization probe Make sure that the electrode and ionization probe are positioned as shown in Fig kw Fig. 5 4 ± 0.5 mm Electrode Probe.5mm 6mm D4 Fig. 6

36 CHAPTER 5 Preparation for start up 5. Servomotor adjustment - 4 : Limit switch cam (max. air damper opening) : Limit switch cam (air damper closed) - 5 : Minimum delivery (and ignition) position cam 6 : Positioning reading indicator 7 : Servomotor release The servomotor contemporarily regulates, by transmission, air delivery and pressure and delivery of the fuel being used. It is fitted with a number of adjustable cams that action the same number of selector switches. Cam pos.: limits maximum opening of the servomotor. Cam pos.: limits servomotor limit switch in the 0 position. When the burner is off, the air damper is completely closed. Cam pos.: fixes the minimum modulation position. It is set in the factory at approx. 0 (just one type of fuel). Cam pos.4: limits maximum opening of the servomotor (for mixed burners working with gas). Cam pos.5: limits minimum delivery. It is set in the factory at approx. 0 (for mixed burners working with gas). Cam rest: available. D500 Fig. 8 Important: the position of 0 must not be exceeded for limit switches (cam - 4). 5.4 Air/fuel adjustment Fuel/combustion air is synchronized by means of a servomotor that, connected to a variable-profile cam, operates the outlet air dampers and, by means of suitable linkage, the combustion head and gas butterfly valve. To reduce pressure loss and to have a wider adjustment range, it is best to set the servomotor to the maximum output used, as near to maximum opening (0 ) as possible. On the gas butterfly valve, the fuel s partial setting adjustment based on required output, with the servomotor fully open, is made by using the pressure stabilizer on the train. When setting the air/fuel ratio for the gas burners, the air and gas variable profile cams must be used, Fig Cam Adjustment screws Fixing screws 4 Variable profile Fig. 9 D499 4

37 CHAPTER 5 Preparation for start up Procedures for setting the burner Turn the AUTO / MAN selection switch on the control panel to MAN (manual). Turn the burner on. If it does not ignite, it could mean that the gas does not reach the combustion head within the safety time period of s. In this case increase the ignition gas delivery level. When the burner ignites, it can be completely set and adjusted. Maximum output Maximum output should be selected from the firing rates, see Fig.. Max. gas adjustment Slowly increase the output, checking it does not exceed the maximum gas delivery, taking the servomotor to 0 and make the first maximum setting to the air cam. At this point, adjust the pressure regulator to reach the maximum delivery required with the gas butterfly valves completely open (90 ), or turn the screws () Fig. 9 on the gas cam profile and/or the gas train adjustment valve. Max. air adjustment Vary the final profile of the air cam by turning the screws () Fig. 9. Do not turn just one screw, but turn those nearby as well, so that the cam curve is progressive. Minimum output Min. gas adjustment Using the manual switch, go to the minimum run (factory setting 0 ). Change the gas cam profile by turning the screws (). Min. air adjustment Change the initial air cam profile by turning the screws () on the variable profile air cam. Take care not to change the final parts of the profile of the cam that regulates the air damper at maximum delivery, as previously set. Intermediate output levels Turn the manual switch to the intermediate levels. The air/gas ratio is adjusted by turning the respective screws to vary the air and gas cam profiles. Take care not to change the final parts of the air and gas cam profiles, as previously set. When adjustment is complete, block the transversal screws on the variable profile cam. 5

38 CHAPTER 5 Preparation for start up 5.5 Pressure switches setting Air pressure switch Adjust the air pressure switch after having performed all other burner adjustments with the air pressure switch set to the start of the scale (Fig. 0). With the burner operating at max. output, increase adjustment pressure by slowly turning the relative knob clockwise until the burner locks out. Then turn the knob anti-clockwise by about 0% of the set point and repeat burner starting to ensure it is correct. If the burner locks out again, turn the knob anticlockvise a little bit more. Attention: as a rule, the air pressure switch must limit the CO in the fumes to less than % (0.000 ppm). To check this, insert a combustion analyser into the chimney, slowly close the fan suction inlet (for example with cardboard) and check that the burner locks out, before the CO in the fumes exceeds %. D5 Fig. 0 Maximum gas pressure switch Adjust the maximum gas pressure switch after having performed all the other burner adjustments with the pressure switch set at the end of the scale (Fig. ). With the burner operating at maximum output, decrease adjustment pressure by slowly turning the relative knob anti-clockwise until the burner locks out. Then turn the knob clockwise by mbar and repeat burner starting to ensure it is uniform. If the burner locks out again, turn the knob anti-clockwise again by mbar. D57 Fig. Minimum gas pressure switch Adjust the minimum gas pressure switch after having performed all the other burner adjustments with the pressure switch set at the start of the scale (Fig. ). With the burner operating at maximum output, increase adjustment pressure by slowly turning the relative knob clockwise until the burner locks out. Then turn the knob anti-clockwise by mbar and repeat burner starting to ensure it is uniform. If the burner locks out again, turn the knob anti-clockwise again by mbar. Final checks Before leaving the plant: - ensure the adjustment and safety devices work correctly; - check all the mechanical blocking systems on the adjustment devices are tightly closed. D57 Fig. 6

39 CHAPTER 5 Preparation for start up 5.6 Flame present check The burner is fitted with an ionisation system which ensures that a flame is present. The minimum current for plant operation is 6 µa. The burner provides a much higher current, so that controls are not normally required. However, if it is necessary to measure the ionisation current, disconnect the plugsocket on the ionisation probe cable and insert a direct current microamperometer with a base scale of 00 µa. Carefully check polarities! 5.7 Periodic checks We recommend carrying out the following checks: A - + D097 Fig. LIST OF MONTHLY CHECKS Verify the ionisation probe and possibly clean it. Check the ignition device and clean if necessary. Check the right pressure levels for fuel and air. 4 Check the correct movement and setting of the air damper and relative lifting assemblies. 5 Check the start up sequence and the safety interlocks, by simulating the relative anomaly situation. LIST OF YEARLY CHECKS Check the fuel blocking valves are still well sealed. Check the settings on the pressure switches. Visual check of the wires and connectors. 4 Check and clean the pressure test points. 5 Check the installation pipes for leaks. 6 Visual check of any damage and/or deformation of the following components: - cylinder/distributor unit; - flame disc; - ignition unit; - flame pipes. 7

40 6 Maintenance 6. Problems and remedies If the burner does not work properly, first you must: check that the electric connections have been correctly performed; ensure that the fuel is delivered correctly; check that all the adjustment parameters (e.g. boiler water temperature or boiler steam pressure) are correctly set. Fault Possible cause Recommended remedy The burner does not start The burner does not start and a function lock out occurs The burner ignites but then blocks The burner starts and then locks out After pre-purge and safety time, the burner goes to lock-out and the flame does not appear The burner goes to lock-out right after flame appearance The burner repeats the starting cycle without lock out No electrical power supply close all switches - Check connections A limiter or safety control device is open adjust or replace Flame control lock-out reset control box Control box fuses blown replace Erroneous electrical connections check connections Defective flame control replace No gas supply open the manual valves between meter and train Mains gas pressure insufficient contact your GAS COMPANY Minimum gas pressure switch fails to close adjust or replace Air pressure switch in operating position adjust or replace Flame simulation replace control box Air pressure switch inoperative due to insufficient air pressure: Air pressure switch adjusted badly adjust or replace Pressure switch pressure point pipe blocked......clean is blocked Head wrong adjusted adjust Fault in flame detection circuit replace flame control The solenoid VR allows little gas through increase Solenoid valves VR or VS fail to open renew the coil or rectifier panel Gas pressure too low increase on the regulator Defective ignition transformer replace Erroneous valve or transformer electrical repeat connections connections Defective control box replace A cock down-line of the gas train is closed open Air in pipework bleed air The solenoid VR allows little gas through increase Max. gas pressure switch operates adjust or replace Defective control box replace Mains gas pressure is near the value to which.....reduce operating pressure the min. gas pressure switch gas is adjusted of minimum gas pressure switch. The repeated drop in pressure which follows......replace the gas filter cartridge valve opening causes temporary opening of the pressure switch itself, the valve immediately closes and theburner comes to a halt. Pressure increases again, the pressure switch closes again and the firing cycle is repeated. The sequence repeats endlessly. And so on. 8

41 CHAPTER 6 Maintenance Fault Possible cause Recommended remedy During operation, the burner stops in lock out Lock out when burner stops Ignition with pulsation Fault on air pressure switch replace Max. gas pressure switch operates adjust or replace Flame remains in combustion head or flame......eliminate persistence of flame simulation or replace control box Poorly adjusted head adjust Poorly adjusted air damper, too much air adjust Output during ignition phase is too high reduce 9

42

43 一般提示 关于本手册 手册使用者 相关文件 本手册与燃烧器随机附带, 安装 使用和维护燃烧器前须认真阅读, 并妥善保管以备查阅 本手册提供给具有燃油及燃气燃烧器工作经验的有关人员 本手册包括下列相关信息 : - 安装 ; - 使用 ; - 维护 ; - 安全注意事项 本手册的使用人员必须具有操作这类燃烧器的资质及丰富的现场工作经验 - 燃气阀组 - 控制面板接线图 - 负荷调节器 ( 比例调节 )

44 目录 CHAPTER 简介 页码 型号释义 燃烧器型号及编码 CHAPTER 燃烧器描述 技术数据 出力范围 燃烧器部件 外观尺寸 空气侧压力损失 ( 风门挡板全开时 ) 燃气侧压力损失 CHAPTER 安装 拆下燃烧筒上固定螺丝 燃烧筒长度 固定燃烧器到锅炉 燃烧头内部调试 CHAPTER 4 燃料供给 燃气总供给示意图 ( 举例 ) 电气接线图 CHAPTER 5 启动前准备 燃烧头设定 电极位置和离子探针 调整伺服马达 空气 / 燃料设定 压力开关设定 火焰状态检查 定期检查 CHAPTER 6 维护 问题及解决方案

45 简介. 型号释义. 燃烧器型号及编码 DB 4 S M CO... TC A-0 T50 最高助燃空气温度 T50 = 50 C T50 = 50 C T50 = 50 C 助燃空气进风位置 型号 编码 DB 4 SM CO TC A DB 4 SM CO TC A 大小 : - 4 A-0 = 从底部 A-90 = 从右侧 A-80 = 从上部 A-70 = 从左侧 燃烧头 TC = 标准燃烧头 TL = 加长燃烧头 TXL = 特殊燃烧头 CO = 黄色火焰 CO = 蓝色火焰 调整 E = 电子比调 M = 机械比调 ( 比调, 机型凸轮 ) 燃料 L = 轻油 N = 重油 NA = 重油介质雾化 P = LPG S = 天然气 LP = 轻油 / LPG LS = 轻油 / 天然气 NP = 重油 / LPG NS = 重油 / 天然气 NAP = 重油介质雾化 / LPG NAS = 重油介质雾化 / 天然气 系列

46 燃烧器描述. 技术数据 型号 DB4 SM C0 容量最小 / 最大天然气 kw 出力调节 比调 燃料天然气 (G 0) - 净热值 0 kwh/nm 天然气 (G 5) - 净热值 8.6 kwh/nm 助燃空气温度最高 50 C 电源 点火 火焰控制 0 V +/-0% 50/60 Hz 电子 标准 ( 每 4 小时停机 次 ) FS. 出力范围 S C 空气温度 50 C 50 C GAS DB kw 图 4

47 第 章燃烧器描述. 燃烧器部件 D 图 图例 空气室 盖板 伺服马达 4 电气接线盒 5 锅炉连接法兰 6 燃烧头 7 燃烧头燃气压力测试点 8 电极 8 点火电极 9 风管连接法兰 离子探针 风压开关 带压力测试点的最大燃气压力开关 4 燃气连接法兰 5 风门挡板 6 燃烧头调节杆 7 风门挡板调节控制杆 8 燃气蝶阀控制杆 9 可变凸轮 0 燃烧头风压测试点 运输中固定调风筒的螺丝 ( 燃烧器安装到锅炉上之前拆掉 ) 5

48 第 章燃烧器描述.4 外观尺寸 D 695 图 法兰尺寸 风管连接法兰 锅炉连接法兰 燃气管路连接法兰 M 8 M 图 4 D D7884 图 5 图 6 65, D7885 6

49 第 章燃烧器描述.5 空气侧压力损失 ( 风门挡板全开时 )) 60 D06 50 p [mbar] C 0 燃烧器出力 Pb [kw] 图 7 根据第 页之表格, 上图压力曲线分别对应燃烧头的不同调节状况 参见 5. 若空气温度高于 0 C 且 / 或海拔高度高于 00 m. a.s.l. 时, 实际的压力损失为上图中所示的燃烧头处的压力损失乘以由下表中查出的系数 K c 得出 K c 海拔高度空气温度 C m. a.s.l 以 DB 4 为例 燃烧器出力 = 4000 kw - 海拔高度 = 750 m. a.s.l. - 助燃空气温度 = 0 C 根据上图, 燃烧器出力为 7000 kw 时, 燃烧头总的压力损失显示为 : p 0 = 0 mbar ( 助燃空气为 0 C, 海拔高度为 00 m. a.s.l.). 可由上表中查出在助燃空气温度为 0 C, 海拔高度为 750 m. a.s.l. 时的乘法系数 K c =.449 燃烧头处总的压力损失为 : p = p 0 x K c = 0 x.449 = 9 mbar 7

50 第 章燃烧器描述.6 燃气侧压力损失 40 燃烧头压力损失 D07 图 8 中的曲线给出了燃烧器不同 出力下的压力损失 该曲线代表了燃烧头的压力损失 0 天然气 G 0 - 净热值 = 0 kwh/ Nm p [mbar] 0 0 DB4 该曲线在以下条件下得出 : 燃气蝶阀下游的压力开关处压力测试点的压力 ; 炉膛压力为 0 mbar ; 燃烧器满负荷运行 蝶阀全开时的压力损失如图 9 图 Pb ( 燃烧器出力 ) [kw] 蝶阀压力损失 0 D754 8 p [mbar] mbar 图 9 Pb ( 燃烧器出力 ) [kw] KW 8

51 安装. 从燃烧筒上拆下锁定螺丝 安装燃烧器到锅炉前, 先拆下螺丝和螺母 )-) 用燃烧器随附的螺丝 ) M X 5 替代原来的螺栓. 燃烧筒长度 ( 图 ) 燃烧筒的长度必须根据锅炉制造商提供的说明书来选择, 任何情况下, 燃烧筒长度都必须大于锅炉炉门加装炉衬后的总厚度 对于装有前烟道 ) 或中心回焰式锅炉, 必须在锅炉炉衬 ) 与燃烧头 4) 间插入由耐火材料 5) 制成的防护炉衬 但此防护炉衬不能影响燃烧筒的拆卸 如果锅炉有冷却前墙, 则不需要耐火炉衬 )-5)( 图 ), 除非锅炉制造商明确要求这样做 D05 图 0. 固定燃烧器到锅炉 ( 图 ) 利用吊环 ) 吊装燃烧器, 并预留足够的吊装空间 将隔热垫 ( 标准配置 ) 套到燃烧筒 4) 上 将整个燃烧器放置于锅炉预置孔上, 并且用所提供的标准配置中的螺栓拧紧固定 燃烧器与锅炉的连接处必须达到气密标准 D0 图 9

52 第 章 安装.4 燃烧头内部调试 4 5 D0 6 7 图 切断电源 取下盖板 ) 和板 ) 后, 断开燃烧头电缆电极 ) 和探针 4) 逆时针旋转弯头 9) 下部直至其从槽中旋出 拧松压力测试点处的螺栓 0) 取出燃烧头的内部部件 ) 燃烧器关闭时, 可在取下盖板 ) 后, 进行燃烧头内部调试 0

53 4 燃料供应 4. 燃气总供给示意图 ( 举例 ) D754 最大 500 mbar 0,5 4 bar 图 图例 C 减震接头 PGm 最小燃气压力开关 GF 燃气过滤器 RG 燃气蝶阀 HPG 高压燃气减压阀 SRV 燃气超压释放阀 LPG 低压燃气减压阀 VE 风机 MM 压力表 VPS 燃气泄漏检测装置 PA 最小风压开关 VR 燃气压力调节电磁阀 PGM 最大燃气压力开关 VS 燃气安全电磁阀

54 第 4 章 燃料供应 4. 电气接线图 XP 燃烧器接线端子板 PA 风压开关 PGM 最大燃气压力开关 SM 伺服马达 ION 离子探针 TA 点火变压器 XTB 燃烧器接地

55 5 启动前准备 5. 燃烧头设定 伺服马达 )( 图 ) 根据所需出力调节风量, 并可手动设定 燃烧头 这一系统可使燃烧器即使在最小负荷时仍能达到最优设置 对于同一伺服马达, 可通过拧松螺丝 ), 移动支点孔 ( 图 4) 上的拉杆调整燃烧头开启程度 支点孔 ( ) 的选择以所需的最大负荷为基准在图 5 选择 工厂已预设在最小位置 ( 孔 0) D07 图 4 7 D 电极位置和离子探针 确认电极及探针位置如图 6 所示 kw 图 5 4 ± 0.5 mm 电极 探针.5mm 6mm D4 图 6

56 第 5 章 启动前准备 5. 伺服马达设定 - 4 : 凸轮限制开关 ( 风门挡板全开 ) : 凸轮限制开关 ( 风门挡板全关 ) - 5 : 最小负荷 ( 和点火 ) 位置凸轮 6 : 凸轮位置指示器 7 : 伺服马达离合器 伺服马达可通过传动装置同时调节空气流量 压力以及所用燃料的流量 伺服马达的可调整凸轮的编号与其选择开关的编号相同 凸轮位置 : 伺服马达全开限制位置 凸轮位置 : 伺服马达限位开关 0 位限制位置 当燃烧器停机时, 风门挡板完全关闭 凸轮位置 : 最小负荷的限制位置 出厂时设置为约 0 ( 仅为单燃料燃烧器 ) 凸轮位置 4: 伺服马达的全开限制位置 ( 两用燃烧器使用燃气时 ) 凸轮位置 5: 最小负荷的限制位置 出厂时设置为约 0 ( 两用燃烧器使用燃气时 ) 凸轮支架 : 备用 D500 图 8 重要提示 : 限位开关的位置角度不得超过 0 ( 凸轮 - 4) 5.4 空气 / 燃料设定 通过与可变凸轮连接的伺服马达控制风门挡板以及通过正确的连接 燃烧头及燃气蝶阀的调整, 使燃料 / 助燃空气的比例调整达到同步 为了减少压力损失及扩大调节范围, 最好在最大出力时将伺服马达设定在全开位置, 即接近其最大打开角度 (0 ) 燃气蝶阀部分, 根据所需出力, 在燃气蝶阀全开时, 使用燃气减压阀调节燃料量 在设定燃气燃烧器空气 / 燃料比例时, 必须使用空气以及燃气可变凸轮, 图 9 4 凸轮 调节螺丝 固定螺丝 4 可调钢带 图 9 D499 4

57 第 5 章 启动前准备 燃烧器调试步骤 将控制面板上的自动 / 手动选择开关置于 MAN ( 手动 ) 处 启动燃烧器 如果点火不成功, 则说明燃气没有在 秒的安全时间内到达燃烧头 此时, 可增加燃气的流量 若此时燃烧器点火成功, 就可以对其进行设置和调整 最大出力燃烧器的最大出力必须在出力范围内选择, 见图 最大燃气量的调节逐渐增大燃烧器的出力, 同时检查不要超过最大燃气量, 将伺服马达设置为 0 且先将空气凸轮调至最大位置 将燃气蝶阀全开 (90 ), 同时调节燃气减压阀至所需的最大燃气量, 或调节燃气凸轮上的调节螺丝 () 图 9 最大空气量的调节通过调节螺丝 () 图 9, 调整空气凸轮的钢带 请勿仅调节一个螺栓, 需要调节与该螺栓相邻的螺栓, 以达到凸轮钢带的平滑状态 最小出力 最小燃气量的调节使用手动开关将燃烧器调至最小负荷 ( 出厂设置为 0 ) 通过调节螺丝 () 改变燃气凸轮钢带 最小空气量的调节通过调节螺丝 () 调节空气凸轮的钢带 注意不要改变调节风门挡板最大风量处的调节螺丝, 需保持在原始设置 中间出力将手动开关调至中间位置 通过分别调节空气及燃气凸轮钢带调整空气 / 燃气比例 注意不要改变空气及燃气凸轮的最后部分, 需保持原始设置 调试完成后, 将可变凸轮上的横向螺钉锁紧 5

58 第 5 章 启动前准备 5.5 压力开关设定 风压开关完成燃烧器调试的所有工作后, 再设定空气压力开关, 此前已将其置于量程起始位置 ( 图 0) 使燃烧器处于最大出力运行, 顺时针缓慢旋转压力调节旋钮, 增加空气压力开关的设定值至燃烧器锁定 然后逆时针旋转旋钮设置值的 0%, 重新启动燃烧器以确认燃烧器能正常运行 如果燃烧器再次锁定, 将旋钮向逆时针方向再调节一些 注意 : 按规定, 空气压力开关必须起到将烟气中 CO 的排放量限制在 % (0.000 ppm) 以内的作用 为此需在烟道内安装烟气分析仪以进行检测, 缓慢关小风机进风口 ( 如使用纸板将风机入口部分遮挡 ), 然后检查燃烧器是否在烟气中 CO 排放浓度超过 % 前锁定 D5 图 0 最大燃气压力开关完成燃烧器调试的所有工作后, 再设定最大燃气压力开关, 此前已将其置于量程最大位置 ( 图 ) 使燃烧器处于最大出力运行, 逆时针缓慢旋转压力调节旋钮, 降低燃气压力开关的设定值至燃烧器锁定 然后按顺时针方向将旋钮调节 mbar, 重新启动燃烧器以确认燃烧器能正常运行 如果燃烧器再次锁定, 将旋钮按逆时针方向调回 mbar D57 图 最小燃气压力开关完成燃烧器调试的所有工作后, 再设定最小燃气压力开关, 此前已将其置于量程初始位置 ( 图 ) 使燃烧器处于最大出力运行, 顺时针缓慢旋转压力调节旋钮, 增加燃气压力开关的设定值至燃烧器停机 然后按逆时针方向将旋钮调节 mbar, 重新启动燃烧器以确认燃烧器能正常运行 如果燃烧器再次停机, 将旋钮按逆时针方向调回 mbar 最终检查 离开安装现场前 : - 确认所有调节及安全装置都正常工作 ; - 检查所有调节装置的机械紧固装置是否拧紧 D57 图 6

59 第 5 章 启动前准备 5.6 火焰状态检查 燃烧器装有一个离子系统, 用于监测火焰状态 判定火焰存在需要的最小电流为 6 µa 燃烧器实际提供更高的电流, 因此通常不需进行特别的控制 但, 如果需要测量离子电流, 需断开离子探针电缆的插头 - 插座, 并插入一个量程为 00 µa 的直流微安计 需认真检查电极正负极! A - + D 定期检查 建议进行如下检查 : 月检项目 检查离子探针, 确保其清洁 检查点火装置, 如需必要可进行清洁 检查燃料及空气的压力是否正确 4 检查风门挡板以及设置及运行是否正确, 同时检查起吊设备 5 通过模拟相关的异常情况来检查启动程序及安全联动装置 年检项目 检查燃料密封是否密封良好 检查压力开关的设置 目测检查电气电线及其连接 4 检查并清洁压力测试点 5 检查管路安装是否存在泄漏 6 目测检查以下部件是否存在损坏及 / 或变形 : - 液压缸 / 燃料分配器装置 ; - 火焰稳定盘 ; - 点火装置 ; - 火焰管 图 7

60 6 维护 6. 问题及解决方案 如果燃烧器不能正常工作, 首先需要 : 检查电气接线是否正确 ; 确保燃料供应正常 ; 检查所有调整参数 ( 如锅炉内水温或锅炉气压 ) 设置是否正确 故障可能的原因建议解决方案 燃烧器不启动 无电源 闭合所有开关 - 检查电气连接 限位或安全控制装置断开 调整或更换 控制盒锁定 复位控制盒 控制盒保险丝烧断 更换 电气接线错误 检测电气连接 控制盒故障 更换 无燃气供应 将流量表和阀组间手动阀打开 主燃气压力不足 联系燃气公司 最小燃气压力开关断开 调整或更换 风压开关处于运行位置 调整或更换燃烧器不启动且锁定 虚假火焰 更换控制盒燃烧器点火后锁定因空气压力不足导致空气压力开关失效 : 空气压力开关调节失败 调整或更换 压力开关压力点软管堵塞 清洁 燃烧头调节不当 调整燃烧器启动后锁定 火焰检测回路故障 更换控制盒 预吹扫及安全时间后, 燃烧器锁定且没有出现火焰 燃烧器出现火焰后立刻锁定 燃烧器不断重复启动, 不锁定 电磁阀 VR 的过燃气量小 增加 电磁阀 VR 及 VS 未开启 更换阀芯或电路板 燃气压力过低 增加压力 点火变压器故障 更换 阀门或变压器接线有误 重新接线 控制盒故障 更换 燃气阀组的下游阀门关闭 开启 管路中有空气 排气 电磁阀 VR 的过燃气量小 增加 最大燃气压力开关动作 调整或更换 控制盒故障 更换 主燃气压力值接近最小燃气压力开关的设定值... 降低最小燃气压力开关的设定值阀组打开后燃气压力下降, 造成压力开关暂时..... 更换燃气过滤器滤芯断开, 燃烧器停机, 阀门立即关闭 燃气压力再次上升, 压力开关重新闭合, 进入新的启动点火周期 如此循环不断重复 8

61 第 6 章 维护 故障可能的原因建议解决方案 燃烧器在运行中锁定并停机 燃烧器停机时锁定 脉冲点火 风压开关故障 更换 最大燃气压力开关动作 调节或更换 火焰残留或有虚假火焰 消除残留火焰或更换控制盒 燃烧头调节不当 调节 风门挡板调节不当, 风量过大 调节 点火阶段出力过高 降低 9

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64 RIELLO S.p.A. I-7045 Legnago (VR) Tel.: Con riserva di modifiche - Subject to modifications - 保留修改的权利

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