九十一年度研究報告封面.doc

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1 Ecology and Population of the Mandarin Duck at the Chichiawuan Stream (IV)

5 From January to November 2002, we studied the population, food habit, and breeding behavior of the Mandarin ducks (Aix galericulata) along the Tachia Stream and its upper tributaries, Chichiawuan and Jiozen Stream, in the Shapa National Park. The duck population doubles the size of last year one that declining, and typhoon is less than last year as well. Animal matter in the diet increased in spring, while decreasing in fall. In Jiozen Stream, duck diet had higher plant matter in proportion than in Chichiawuan Stream, as a result of higher coverage of plant in Jiozen. There is a greater number of ducks breeding in Jiozen Stream, in which original forest is more abundance. Nineteen bird nests established in our study area have not been used by ducks yet, and it is assumed that nest height are too low to be accepted.

8 From January to November 2002, we studied the population, food habit, and breeding behavior of the Mandarin ducks (Aix galericulata) along the Tachia Stream and its upper tributaries, Chichiawuan and Jiozen Stream, in the Shapa National Park. The duck population doubles the size of last year one that declining, and typhoon is less than last year as well. Animal matter in the diet increased in spring, while decreasing in fall. In Jiozen Stream, duck diet had higher plant matter in proportion than in Chichiawuan Stream, as a result of higher coverage of plant in Jiozen. There is a greater number of ducks breeding in Jiozen Stream, in which original forest is more abundance. Nineteen bird nests established in our study area have not been used by ducks yet, and it is assumed that nest height are too low to be accepted.

9 (Aix galericulata) (Aix) (A.sponsa) (Johnsgard1978) 10, (Carboneras 1992) II ( 1988)

10 (Oncorhynchus masou formosanus) - 1,800-2,200 m (Pinus taiwanensis) :(1) 9 km(2) 1 km 2? 1~2

11 19 g( 3~3.5%) ~ MHz TR-4 H (TelonicsLTD.)

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13 ~ ( 47 15) (2001) 1 ( ) 4 (LWOLYRRRO) LWOLY LWO (no.87) LY (no.86) RR (no.85) RO 6 / 4

14 2K (n=17) 173 ( 358 ) (46.1%) / (25.8%) (15.1%) (13.0%) ( ) (Bellrose and Holm, 1994) ( 2 =20.7df=1P =0.001) ( 2 =32.7df=1P =0.001)

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17 Bellrose and Holm (1994) ( ) (no.81) 87 4 (no.72) (no.37) ( ) 12 ( ) 210 ( ) 3-11 ( ) ( ) 70 35% (22%)

18 ( ) (n=10) ( ) (G03614) ( ) 2 ( ) %( )26.3%( ) 1.9( 2 =4.52df=1P =0.034) ( 2001)

20 (4): I 2000 II 2001 III 1995 ( ) Andersson, M Sexual selection. Princeton University Press, Princeton. Armbruster, J. S Wood duck displays and pairing chronology. Auk 99: Bellrose, F.C. and D.J. Holm Ecology and management of the wood duck. Stackpole Books, Mechanicsburd, Pennsylvania. Carboneras, C Order Anseriformes. Pages in A. Elliot del Hoyo and J. Sargatal, eds. Handbook of the birds of the world. Vol.1 Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

21 Davis, A.K The distribution and status of the Mandarin ducks (Aix galericulata) in Britain. Bird Study 35: Drobney, R. D. and L. H. Fredrickson Food selection by wood ducks inrelation to breeding status. J. Wildl. Manage. 43: Hester, F. E. and J. Dermid The world of the wood duck. J. B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphis. Landers, J. L., T. T. Fendley, and A. S. Johnson Feeding ecology of wood ducks in south Carolina. J. Wildl. Manage. 41: Savage, C The Mandarin duck. A. C. Black, London.

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Microsoft PowerPoint - week5河川環境生態

Microsoft PowerPoint - week5河川環境生態河川環境生態通識教育課程河川是自然環境中的重要成分, 它的形成和發展牽繫著自然景觀及生態環境之演化原本自然秀麗的河川在人類築堤圍堰建壩等行為下固已達到防洪的效果, 但卻害了原有的環境翡翠水庫 ( 拱壩 ) 巴堎攔砂壩