06721 main() lock pick proc() restart() [2][4] MINIX minix2.0 GDT, IDT irq table[] CPU CPU CPU CPU (IDTR) idt[] CPU _hwint00:! Interrupt

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1 MINIX ( ) ( ) MINIX MINIX2.0 MINIX : MINIX TP3 1 MINIX UNIX Tanenbaum UNIX MINIX LINUX MINIX MINIX MINIX1.0 UNIX V7 MINIX2.0[3] POSIX MINIX3 MINIX Gabriel A. Wainer [5] 1998 I/O 2002 RT-MINIXv2 [6] MINIX2.0 MINIX2.0 MINIX MINIX MINIX 2 MINIX MINIX2.0 int nnn nnn gongwb@yahoo.cn 1

2 06721 main() lock pick proc() restart() [2][4] MINIX minix2.0 GDT, IDT irq table[] CPU CPU CPU CPU (IDTR) idt[] CPU _hwint00:! Interrupt routine for irq 0 (the clock) hwint_master(0) src/kernel/mpx386.s hwint CPU CPU CPU idt[] CPU idt[] gate table[] for idt[] call save CPU restart save src/kernel/mpx386.s CPU minix CPU CPU ss esp proc[nr TASKS + NR PROCS] ss esp struct stackframe s p reg struct stackframe s... CPU idt[] hwint master hwint slave call save esp k stktop: push CPU stackframe s p reg ds es MINIX k reenter 2

3 hwint slave() hwint master() call ( irq table + 4*irq) k reenter ( ) push restart hwint slave() hwint master() restart1 CPU restart1 jmp hwint slave() hwint master() push restart1 restart pop hwint master() hwint slave() call irq table[] ret restart restart1 CPU restart restart1 restart src/kernel/mpx386.s held head held tail unhold() interrupt() stackframe s p reg stackframe s I/O k reenter pop CPU proc ptr esp 4 iretd 2.2 int n (include/minix/type.h) proc[nr TASKS + NR PROCS] p nr CPU int SYS386 VECTOR idt[] SYS386 VECTOR prot init() int_gate(sys386_vector, (phys_bytes) (vir_bytes) s_call, PRESENT (USER_PRIVILEGE << DPL_SHIFT) INT_GATE_TYPE); s call int gate() idt[] int gate() idt[] CPU s call s call: save CPU call sys call push C sys call() C restart: proc ptr 3

4 gate table[] !* exception handlers CPU idt[] _divide_error: push DIVIDE_VECTOR jmp exception exception: errexception: exception C exception() CPU restart ret C exception() panic() wreboot() MINIX2.0 C exception() call save restart: ret restart: 3 MINIX 3.1 MINIX Table 1 MINIX MINIX MINIX I/0 I/0 I/0 I/0 MINE MINIX MINIX MINIX Table 2 Table 3 MINIX Table 2 xtint() xtsave xtstart 4

5 I/O Table 1: init (mm) (fs) (nets) I/O Table 2: MINIX 1 init (mm) (fs) (nets) I/O Table 3: MINIX 2 init (mm) (fs) (nets) NR TASKS include/minix/config.h #define ENABLE_XT_TASKS 1 include/minix/const.h NR TASKS #define NR_TASKS (9 + ENABLE_WINI + ENABLE_SCSI + ENABLE_CDROM \ + ENABLE_NETWORKING + 2 * ENABLE_AUDIO+ENABLE_XT_TASKS) src/kernel/proc.h EXTERN struct proc *xtproc = proc[nr_tasks]; xtproc src/kernel/mpx386.s xtint() xtsave xtstart Table 4 xtint() src/kernel/mpx386.s _hwint06: xtint()! Interrupt routine for irq 6 (RT_Task) CPU xtint() 5

6 Table 4: define xtint() \ xtsave: xtstart: cli cld mov esp, xtproc call xtsave pushad lldt P LDT SEL(esp) ret o16 push ds lea eax, P STACKTOP(esp) o16 push es o16 push fs o16 push gs mov dx, ss mov ds, dx mov es, dx mov ( tss+tss3 S SP0), eax o16 pop gs o16 pop fs o16 pop es o16 pop ds popad mov eax, esp add esp, 4 mov esp, k stktop push xtstart xor ebp, ebp jmp RETADR-P STACKBASE(eax) iretd xt task() src/kernel/ include/minix/com.h #define XT (TTY - ENABLE_XT_TASKS) src/kernel/table.c #define XT_STACK SMALL_STACK src/kernel/table.c main() tasktab[] tty task #if ENABLE_XT_TASKS { xt_task, XT_STACK, "XT" }, #endif makefile PC MINIX2.0 MINIX 2. MINIX2.0 MINIX2.0 MINIX MINIX 6

7 MINIX indows Vmware Workstation Linux Bochs[1] 4 MINIX MINIX MINIX MINIX MINIX2.0 [1] Linux 0.11 V2.0 [2] [3] ( )Tanenbaum,Andrew S. ( )Woodhull,Albert S. [4] 80X86 [5] Gabriel A. Wainer, Implementing Real-Time services in MINIX, ACM Operating Systems Review, July [6] Pessolani, Pablo A, RT-MINIXv2: Architecture and Interrupt Handling, 33th JAIIO, Argentine Symposium on Computing Technology (AST2004), MINIX Operating System s Interrupt Mechanism Analysis And Real-time Extensions Gong Weibing Zhu Wenjun (School of Mathematics and Statistics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, , China) (School of Mathematics and Statistics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, , China) Abstract: MINIX is a teaching-oriented operating system.it is the first completely free source code provided for public.due to this strong point,it is very convenient to study OS for us.and we can also understand OS s fundamental principle more profoundly through studying the source code.it s layered structure is very simple and basic for an OS.We will analyze the source code to interpret MINIX2.0 OS s interrupt mechanism,including hardware interrupt,soft interrupt and exception.and we will also supply the method extended a real-time task. Keywords: MINIX OS Interrupt Mechanism Hardware Interrupt Soft Interrupt Exception Realtime Extensions Real-time Task 7

1 CPU interrupt INT trap CPU exception

1 CPU interrupt INT trap CPU exception 2 X86 CPU gate 64 16 1 2 5 8 16 16 P DPL 00101 TSS 101 DPL P 1 64 16 1 2 1 1 3 3 5 16 16 16 P DPL 0 D 000 16 110 111 100 D 1=32 0=16 DPL P 1 INT DPL1>=CPL>=DPL CPU