GHz Cloud Profile Rada CloudSat CloudSat Kenneth et al 11 CloudSat CALIPSO 16. 7% CloudSat Gerald et al 12 CloudSat 2B GROPR

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1 高原气象 PLATEAU METEOROLOGY Vol. 33 No. 4 August,2014. CloudSat J doi /j. issn CloudSat / CloudSat 2B / / 600 g m km 4 ~ 8 km 300 g m μm 4 ~ 8 km 1 2 ~ 4 km 2 80 μm 1 km 12 μm < 40 2 km CloudSat doi /j. issn P A 1 50% CloudSat CB GYHY Y byyang0110@ 126. com. huazhang@ cma. gov. cn

2 GHz Cloud Profile Rada CloudSat CloudSat Kenneth et al 11 CloudSat CALIPSO 16. 7% CloudSat Gerald et al 12 CloudSat 2B GROPROF CloudSat CloudSat Patrick et al 13 CloudSat CALIPSO A Train A Train Aqua CloudSat CALIP- SO PASASOL Aura Dong et al 14 Aura 20 MLS CloudSat CloudSat Dong et al 15 MLS CloudSat ECMWF MODIS AMSU B CPR Cloud Profile Radar 94 GHz 1000 CPR km CloudSat min km CloudSat km 1. 4 km m m CloudSat 23 level 1 level 2 level 1 19 MODIS / CloudSat CloudSat 2B TAU / 2B CWC RO

3 4 CloudSat 1107 Table 1 1B-CPR 2B-GEOPROF 1 2B-CLDCLASS 2B-CWC-RO 2B-TAU 2B-CWC-RVOD 2B-FLXHR 2B-GEOPROF-Lidar CloudSat The major data products of CloudSat 1B CPR / / http / /www. cloudsat. cira. colostate. edu. html 24 2B TAU 2B CWC RO CloudSat MODIS http / /modis. gsfc. nasa. gov. html CloudSat B CWC RO τ = Δz2π a 2 n a da IWC = Vρ i n L dl 1 0 τ = 3 LWP. 9 IWC ρ i L 2ρ w a e 1 n L 1 9 LWP IWP LWP IWP = z 0 0 Vρ i n L dldz. 2 LWC LWC = 4π 3 ρ w a3 n a da 3 ρ w a LWP = 4π 3 ρ w z a 3 n a dadz. 4 D e = V n L dl A n L dl 5 L V A a e n a da = πa3 πa2 n a da τ = Δz Q e πa 2 n a da 7 Q e Δz n a a Q e 2 1

4 ~ 8 km 20 N 40 N 20 S 40 S τ IWP c + b 2 8 km 10 D e 120 mg m km b c km mg m mg m mg m km 5 40 N km 30 S 30 N 40 S 2 4 ~ 15 km 90 mg m - 3 Fig. 1 1 mg m - 3 a b c d Vertical distribution of mean cloud ice water content in different seasons of the northern hemisphere. Unit mg m - 3. a spring b summer c autumn d winter

5 4 CloudSat mg m km 6 ~ 8 km 2 2 < 800 g m g m < 500 g m g m km 250 mg m - 3 Fig. 2 2 g m - 2 a b c d Horizontal distributions of cloud ice water path in different seasons of the northern hemisphere. Unit g m - 2. a spring b summer c autumn d winter

6 mg m - 3 Fig. 3 The same as Fig. 1 but for cloud liquid water content. Unit mg m g m - 2 Fig. 4 The same as Fig. 2 but for cloud liquid water path. Unit g m - 2

7 4 CloudSat km 0. 4 ~ 0. 6 km 200 μm ~ 8 km 80 μm 2 30 S 55 S 30 N 55 N 10 ~ 20 / 8 km 16 1 km μm km km S 55 S 30 N μm 2 ~ 4 km 55 N 10 S 10 N Fig μm The same as Fig. 1 but for cloud ice effective radius. Unit μm

8 Fig μm The same as Fig. 1 but for cloud liquid effective radius. Unit μm N 3 4 ~ 6 km 3 4 km PDF < 15 μm μm 45 μm 8 km 100 μm 100 μm 0 ~ 6 km 15 μm 2 km 10 μm 1 km 12 μm 50 2 km < 9 μm ~ ~ ~ ~ 50 μm

9 4 CloudSat Fig. 7 a c b d a b c d PDF Seasonal changes of PDF distributions of cloud ice a b and cloud liquid c d effective radius in the northern a c and southern b d hemispheres 40 ~ ~ ~ ~ 50μm ~ 11 μm ~ 11 μm ISCCP http / /isccp. giss. nasa. gov. html MODIS

10 Fig The same as Fig. 2 but for total cloud optical depth 9 Fig. 9 2 MODIS The same as Fig. 2 but for total cloud optical depth from MODIS from January 2007 to December CloudSat CloudSat CPR MODIS MODIS MODIS

11 4 CloudSat 1115 CloudSat 9 CloudSat 60 S MODIS CloudSat CloudSat km 2 km km 0. 2 ~ km 11 2 km mg m mg m km km 80 μm 14 Fig The same as Fig. 1 but for cloud optical depth

12 a b / c d e f / g h Fig. 11 i j The vertical distributions of the total amount of cloud ice a b /liquid c d water content cloud ice e f /liquid g h effective radius and cloud optical depth i j in the northern left and southern right hemispheres in different seasons

13 4 CloudSat 1117 μm 18 km 8 km 5 km 5 km 8 km 14 km CloudSat 2 / / g m - 2 J 5 J g m km 120 mg m ~ 8 km mg m Patrick G Jean - Pierre B Munoz - Alpizar R. Study of polar thin ice clouds and aerosols seen by CloudSat and CALIPSO dur-. J Geophys Res D g m J μm 3 > Kenneth S Zhien W Dong L. μm 4 ~ 8 km 2 ~ 4 km 8 km 1 km 12 μm 2008JD < 9 μm / summer J 1029 /2006GL ing midwinter 2007 J doi /2008JD km Liou K N. M J CloudSat J CERES SYN J J J FY - 3A /VIRR TERRA /MODIS J. Global distribution of cirrus clouds from CloudSat / Cloud - Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations CALIPSO measurements J. J Geophys Res D00A12 doi / 12 Gerald G M Roger M Qiquing Z et al. Global hydrometeor occurrence as observed by CloudSat Initial observations from. Geophys Res Lett L09808 doi Wu D L Jonathan H J William G R et al. Validation of the Aura MLS cloud ice water content measurements J. J Geophys Res D15S10 doi /2007JD Wu D L Austin R T Deng M et al. Comparisons of global

14 cloud ice from MLS CloudSat and correlative data sets J. J Geophys Res D00A24 doi / 2008JD CloudSat J J CloudSat J State University J J. 19. MODIS CloudSat J Graeme L S Deborah G V Simone T et al. CloudSat mission Performance and early science after the first year of operation J. J Geophys Res D00A18 doi / 2008JD CloudSat J CloudSat J CloudSat ISCCP Igor N P Laurent C Steve C et al. Level 2 cloud optical depth product process description and interface control document R. Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere Colorado FY - 2C J Klaus W. The Effective Radius in Ice Clouds J. J Climate EOS_MODIS J Analysis on Global Distribution Characteristics of Cloud Microphysical and Optical Properties Based on the CloudSat Data YANG Bingyun 1-3 ZHANG Hua 2 PENG Jie 4 WANG Zhili 1 JING Xianwen 2 1. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science Beijing China 2. Laboratory for Climate Studies China Meteorological Administration National Climate Center Beijing China 3. National Satellite Meteorological Center Beijing China 4. Shanghai Meteorogical Science institute Shanghai Meteorological Bureau Shanghai China Abstract The global distribution and seasonal variation of the cloud physical characteristics including the cloud liquid and ice water content liquid and ice water path the effective radius etc. and cloud optical parameters the cloud optical depth etc. were analyzed by the CloudSat data from January 2007 to December The results show that The distribution of ice water path is mainly over the North America South America Africa Australia and the South Asia as well as the Pacific Atlantic and Indian Ocean with the highest values reaching 600 g m - 2 or more. In the vertical direction the high values of ice water content are located near the height of 8 km over the equatorial regions and from 4 to 8 km over the middle latitude regions. The high values of liquid water path are located over the Pacific Ocean the Indian Ocean and the middle and low latitudes of Atlantic. In the vertical direction the value of liquid w ater content decreases w ith height. The ice effective radius reaches its maximum of over 200 μm near the surface at high latitudes while having a maximum of over 80 μm at 4 ~ 8 km in the equatorial region and at 2 ~ 4 km in the mid-latitude. The liquid effective radius maximizes under 1 km with a value of over 12 μm. The total cloud optical depth is below 40 around the globe with largest values located in the vast middle and high latitudes as well as the oceans off the west coasts of low -latitude continents. Large cloud optical depths are concentrated below the boundary layer. The distribution of the cloud optical depth is closely linked to cloud amount which is in good spatial accordance with the former and also to cloud water content and cloud effective radius. The latest analysis of satellite observation data for the climate models and improvement of the cloud optical parameterizations and cloud microphysical schemes of the models are provided. Key words CloudSat Cloud optical depth Cloud effective radius Cloud water content

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km km mm km m /s hpa 500 hpa E N 41 N 37 N 121 32 2 2014 4 Journal of Arid Meteorology Vol. 32 No. 2 Apr 2014. 08. 03 J. 2014 32 2256-262 LU Guirong WANG Wen YU Huaizhenget al. The Influence of Damrey Typhoon on 08. 03 Rainstorm Process in Rizhao of