弘光人文社會學報第 16 期論未來世代的權利 : 原初位置的啟示楊士奇弘光科技大學文化創意產業系摘要 original position the Non-Identity Problem 關鍵詞 : 未來世代, 人格不同一問題, 權利, 原初位置 105

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1 楊士奇弘光科技大學文化創意產業系摘要 original position the Non-Identity Problem 關鍵詞 : 未來世代, 人格不同一問題, 權利, 原初位置 105

2 壹前言 1 Richard T. De George 1 A7,

3 George, 1981, p.160 Ruth Macklin unidentifiable Macklin, 1981, p

4 3 108 John Rawls Original Position Derek Parfit The Non-Identity Problem A Theory of Justice the veil of ignorance 3 personal identity

5 貳未來世代之人格不同一問題 personal identity Derek Parfit 109

6 Parfit, 1985, pp The Non-Identity Problem 110

7 4 4 teenage pregnancies Parfit, 1985, pp

8 參帕菲特的解決之道 ;Q 原則及其評估 A B M B A M A B B B A N A B M N Parfit, 1985, p

9 the No-Difference View Parfit, 1985, p.367 Q Q Parfit, 1985, p. 360 Q Q Q V Q V Parfit, 1985, p.370 Q 113

10 Q V Q Q V Q Q Q Q 5 Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels, and Daniel Wikler, From Chance to Choice(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), p.244.

11 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q James Woodward Viktor Frankl Man s Search 115

12 for Meaning Woodward, 1986, pp Woodward, 1986, pp A N B A N B A B N B A A A B B A 116

13 Q B A N A N A N Q V Mulgan, 2006, p.9 Q V 117

14 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q non-personal affecting 118

15 肆重返原初位置 : 瑞曼論人的屬性與獨特性 Tim Mulgan The Basic Wrongness Intuition Mulgan, 2006, p.5 Mulgan, 2006, p.5 Mulgan, 2006, p.5 119

16 Jeffrey Reiman John Rawls Original Position Q Q Q bargaining advantages the veil of 120

17 ignorance fairness 252 Reiman, 2007, p

18 Reiman, 2007, p.82 properties particular 122

19 Reiman, 2007, p.84 Reiman, 2007, p.84 the morally relevant interests of future people 123

20 伍結論 124

21 參考文獻 Buchanan, Allen., Brock, Dan., Daniels, Norman. and Wikler, Daniel. From Chance to Choice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, George, Richard. The Environment, Rights, and Future Generations, in Ernest Partridge(ed.), Responsibilities To Future Generations. N. Y.: Prometheus Books, Macklin, Ruth. Can Future Generations Correctly Be Said to Have Rights? in Ernest Partridge(ed.), Responsibilities To Future Generations. N. Y.: Prometheus Books, Mulgan, Tim. Future People: A Moderate Consequentialist Account of our Obligations to Future Generaitons. Clarendon Press, Oxford: Oxford University Press, Parfit, Derek. Reasons and Persons. Oxford: Clarendon Press, Rawls, John. A Theory of Justice. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1971 revised edition, Political Liberalism. N. Y.: Columbia University Press, The Law of Peoples. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, Collected Papers. Freeman, Samuel (ed.). Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, Justice as Fairness: A Restatement. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, Reiman, Jeffrey. Being Fair to Future People: The Non-Identity Problem in the Original Position, Philosophy & Public affairs 35, no.1 Smolkin, Doran. Toward A Rights-Based Solution to the non-identity 125

22 Problem, in Journal of Social Philosophy, Vol.30, No.1, Spring Woodward, James. The Non-Identity Problem, in Ethics 96 (1986), pp

23 Rights of Future Generations: An Extension of Original Position Abstract This article aims to explore those rights of future generations from the original position - John Rawls s theoretical setting of the theory of justice. Although future people have the Non-Identity Problem, they still have the morally relevant interests and moral rights no matter who they are. In thinking of original position, future generations and contemporary people have the same morally relevant interests and moral rights, no matter if they exist currently or not. Key words: Future Generations, the Non-Identity Problem, Rights, Original Position 127

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弘光人文社會學報第 16 期 論未來世代的權利 : 原初位置的啟示 楊士奇 弘光科技大學文化創意產業系 摘 要 original position the Non-Identity Problem 關鍵詞 : 未來世代, 人格不同一問題, 權利, 原初位置 105

弘光人文社會學報第 16 期論未來世代的權利 : 原初位置的啟示楊士奇弘光科技大學文化創意產業系摘要 original position the Non-Identity Problem 關鍵詞 : 未來世代, 人格不同一問題, 權利, 原初位置 105