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3 .

IMT-2000 Capable Systems TACS TDMA IS-136 GSM GPRS EDGE AMPS

2001 2002/2003 1G 9.6 Kbit/s 2G 2.5G 3G 19.

Text e-mail Voice SMS e-mail Voice SMS e-mail mcommerce

4 IMT-2000 Capable Systems TACS TDMA IS-136 GSM GPRS EDGE AMPS PDC cdmaone 1xRTT W-CDMA cdma2000 MC TDS-CDMA 1980s /2003 1G 9.6 Kbit/s 2G 2.5G 3G 19.2 Kbit/s Kbit/s 384 Kbit/s - 2Mbit/s Voice Voice SMS Text Voice SMS Voice SMS mcommerce Internet access Document transfer Web browsing (infancy) Web browsing Low/high quality video mcommerce

5 / IEEE Wireless Communications Standards ERSI 3GPP Cellular Telecommunications Mobility WMAN( 6~9 km, 2~134 Mbps a/d/e (WiMAX) Competitor WLAN( < 100 m, 11~54 Mbps a/b/g/h/i/n (WiFi) WMAN WPAN < 10 m ~ 1 Mbps (Bluetooth) ~ 100 Mbps (UWB) ~ 250 kbps (ZigBee) GSM/GPRS 2G/2.5G WCDMA 3G HSDPA 35G 3.5G 4G Bit Rate / / /

6 / Cellular Access DL: 56 kbps (4TS) DL: 384 kbps UL: 384 kbps 14.4 Mbps GSM GPRS EDGE UMTS HSDPA HSUPA 9.6 kbps DL: 200~300 kbps UL: 100~200 kbps (mid 2006) (2008) 3G~3.5G~3.75G DL: 307 kbps DL: 2.4 Mbps DL: 3.1 Mbps UL: 153 kbps UL: 153 kbps UL: 1.8 Mbps EVDO EVDO cdma 1XRTT Wireless Broadband Access Rev 0 Rev A (2006) DL: 73.5 Mbps UL: 27 Mbps EVDO Rev B (2009) 75 Mbps 15 Mbps (20 MHz BW) (5 MHz BW) WiMAX WiMAX d e (2006) (2007) 11~54 Mbps 11~54 Mbps > 100 Mbps WiFi WiFi Mesh WiFi Mesh a, b, g w/ Mesh (2005) n w/ Mesh (2006) DL: 40 Mbps (MIMO:4x2) HSOPA LTE(S3G) DL: >100 Mbps UL: >50 Mbps B3G (HRPD) EV-DO EV-DV Technology OFDM MIMO (all ~2010) (MBWA) DL: >4 Mbps UL: >1.2 Mbps n > 100 Mbps

7 2G GSM Overview

8 GSM? GSM-(Global System of Mobile Communication) (ETSI) (TDMA) 900/1800/1900MHz

9 GSM GSM (PLMN) : (Mobile Station, MS) (Base Station ti System, BSS) (Switching ( g System, SS) (Operation and Maintenance Center, OMC)

10 GSM ISDN AUC SS PSTN GMSC HLR MSC/ VLR MS BSS OMC RBS BSC

11 GSM - (RBS, Radio Base Station) -- (Directional) (Omni) -- RBS BSC

12 GSM - (BSC, Base Station Controller) MSC RBS BSC RBS Handover

13 GSM - (MSC, Mobile Service Switching Center)

14 GSM- (HLR, Home Location Register) ISDN AUC ILR SS PSTN GMSC HLR EIR DTI MSC/ VLR BSS

15 GSM - (VLR,Visitor Location Register) ISDN AUC ILR SS PSTN GMSC HLR EIR DTI MSC/ VLR BSS

16 GSM - (AUC, Authentication Center) ISDN AUC ILR SS PSTN GMSC HLR DTI MSC/ VLR BSS

17 GSM - (Gateway MSC, GMSC) PSTN HLR GMSC MSC BSC RBS MSC

18 GSM - (Operation and Maintenance Center, OMC) Network Status Presentation (NSP) OVERVIEW MG1 MSC1 MSC2 BSC2 MSC3 MSC4 BSC4 BSC1 BSC3 BSC1_SITE BSC2_SITE

19 (Handover) Handover Range

20 (PLMN) ( ) HLR BSC MSC/VLR (1) (2) (3) MSC/VLR BSC (MSC/VLR) B- (RBSMS) S) (4)BSC (5)B- HLR MSC (6)

21 2G GSM SMSC Modem PDN BSS PLMN NSS Modem PSTN ISDN Internet Intranet Extranet

22 2.5G GPRS Overview

23 GPRS? General Packet Radio Service

24 GPRS GSM HLR BSS (BTS+BSC) MSC/VLR MSC/VLR PSTN SGSN GGSN External Data Network GPRS

25 GPRS

26 A A A B B B A B

27 A A A B B B

29 GPRS (always on line) - (capacity on demand) (bursty)

30 3G WCDMA Overview

31 3G

32 UMTS

33 3G --IMT ~2025 MHz and 2110~2200 MHz QoS Vehicular : 144kbps Pedestrian : 384kbps Indoor office : 2Mbps Asymmetric, bandwidth on demand

34 3G ) A B C D E (NT$) 10,169 7,700 10,281 10,179 10,570 2GHz 2GHz 2GHz 2GHz 800MHz FDD (MHz) TDD (MHz) NT$/MHz/ W-CDMA W-CDMA W-CDMA W-CDMA Cdma200 0

35 3G 2000 MHz PHS TDD PACS TDD A A B C D B C D A B C D MHz E E

36 UMTS MSC Uu RNC PSTN UE UE Uu Iub Iub ATM Backbone Node B Iur (BTS) Iub ATM Backbone Node B (BTS) ATM Backbone Iub Iur Iu (CS & PS) RNC Iu (CS & PS) ATM Backbone Iu CS Iu PS Gr C D HLR/AuC SGSN Gn VLR Private IP Backbone Gn GGSN Gi Access Network Core Network External Packet Networks

37 3G?

38 Scenario 1 3G Martin s 3G terminal Paula s 3G terminal

39 Scenario 2 PC 與 3G 3G設備設備 HiWhich Martin! one? Martin s 3G terminal I am sending Shall Let s we check go you the Movie Hi Paula! see what's a movie? on! On-Line site Paula s PC

40 Scenario 3 3G Sophie s House ALARM! Sophie s 3G terminal

41 Scenario 4 3G So, what do you Hotel you I staying would Hi U Sophie, are Prince like flying to is out it s This central a show very on is in a nice Peter Prague you Thursday the hotel. our air think Sophie? from at Let s one Prague WorldTravel of take and our offer a best look! hotels Ok, that sounds I will check the great! ok, This Can thank Hi Sophie! looks you Ok! Peter send you calendar me a interesting confirmation? Peter, Bye Sophie s 3G terminal

42 Mobile TV (Streaming)

43 Seamless integration of multiple platforms IP client ISDN clients Mobile clients Seamless integration of audio and audio/video Seamless integration of audio and audio/video clients

44 3GGSM? GSM 3G 3G 3GGSM GSM3G

45 3GGPRS 2M bps384k bps3g GPRSGSM (Packet Switch) GSM(Circuit Switch)GPRS2.5GPRS2 GPRS

46 3.5G HSDPA Overview HSDPA (High Speed Downlink HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access)

HSDPA Data Card Availability Sony Ericsson Several EDGE PC Cards for both NA and European markets 2 WCDMA/EDGE PC Cards in 2H05 GC95 & GC99 BenQ / Siemens Sierra Wireless First HSDPA PC Card

47 HSDPA Data Card Availability Sony Ericsson Several EDGE PC Cards for both NA and European markets 2 WCDMA/EDGE PC Cards in 2H05 GC95 & GC99 BenQ / Siemens Sierra Wireless First HSDPA PC Card available in 2H05. Aircard 850 (UMTS 2100) Aircard 860 (UMTS 850/1900) Novatel Currently supplying WCDMA HSDPA PC Card based PC Cards to European on Qualcom platform. operators UMTS Turbo Live Data Card. Avail. Q405 U730 (UMTS 850/1900) US Version (850/1900) U740 (UMTS 2100) Europe Version (2100) Huawei Option Currently supplying several WCMDA/EDGE PC Cards Motorola E600, WCDMA PC D1000 WCDMA PC Card released in 2004 D1100 HSDPA PC Card in Q405 card HSDPA PC card based on Qualcom platform in 2006 Sources. Public press releases, July 2005

48 E22 HSDPA Data Card 0 Form Factor Internal antenna Size: mm Weight: <50g Features HSDPA: 3.6Mbps(DL), UMTS: 384kbps(UL) Auto install Data and SMS HSDPA/UMTS 2100MHz GSM/GPRS/EDGE 900/1800/1900MHz GPRS Class 10 Specificati ons Chipset: MSM 6275 Mini USB Available Aug OS: Windows 2000 and XP

49 HSDPA Wireless Router

50 Services & Applications WCDMA can but GSM/GPRS can not Video call MBMS Audio/video deo streaming Video sharing Business connectivity Video Call Online Game HSDPA can but WCDMA can not Wireless broadband access Streaming Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service Wireless Broadband Access IMS Video Sharing

51 WiFi & WiMAX Overview

52 Wireless LAN Spec. Comparison b a g Spec. Final Theory Rate 2Mbps 11Mbps 54Mbps 54Mbps Throughput 1Mbps 6Mbps 33Mbps >33Mbps Band 2.4GHz 2.4GHz 5GHz 2.4GHz Non overlapping Channel Effective 45m 30~45m 4.5 ~ 8m 15m Radius Support sub. per AP 256(20~30) 256(20~30) (20~30) Modulation DSSS DSSS OFDM OFDM 52

53 IEEE WiFi / WiMAX

54 WiFi AP FTTB AP+VPN For voice: VoIP VPN, Internet, For data:

55 WiMAX

56 WiMAX Standard WiMAX WiMAX

57 WiFi Vs WiMAX & 3G 3G / HSDPA e PtM NLOS PtP LOS GSM WiFi CPE / Intermet CPE

59 WiFi & WiMAX

60 WiFi Vs WiMAX & 3G 3G / HSDPA e PtM NLOS PtP LOS GSM WiFi CPE / Hotspot Intermet CPE

61 WiFi/ WiMAX/UMTS/HSDPA Hotspot coverage WiFi on the pause Spectral efficiency 5 Spectrum width 4 3 Global cost Number of 2 1 simultaneous subs / 0 CPE cost cell Reach Security Mobility Data Intensive Broadband on the zone Spectrum width Number of simultaneous subs / cell Reach Spectral efficiency Global cost 0 CPE cost Security Mobility Combined Voice, Data & multimedia on the Spectral move efficiency 5 Spectrum width 4 Global cost 3 2 Number of cc 1 0 CPE cost simultaneous subs / cell Reach Security Mobility Note: Comparative ranking with other technologies in performance per cell. Global cost per end user including spectrum fee. Source:

62 WiMAXWiFi3G

63 WiMAX and other Broadband Wireless technologies I-HSPA, HSDPA WiMAX e Flash-OFDM UMTS-TDD CDMA 1xEV-DO Channel bandwidth 5 MHz MHz 1.25 MHz MHz 1.25 MHz Mobility global, high-speed up to 120 km/h >200 km/h >120 km/h global, high-speed Average downlink user data rate 1-2 Mbit/s 6 Mbit/s(1/3 UL/DL) Mbit/s 1-2 Mbit/s(@5MH (@5MHz) 500 kbit/s Average uplink user data rate 384 kbit/s 2 Mbit/s (1/3 UL/DL) kbit/s 384 kbit/s (@5MHz) 150 kbit/s Typical cell radius 2-10 km 1-5 km 5-10* km 2-20* km 2-20* km TCP roundtrip time 100 ms ms 35 ms ms 300 ms VoIP support yes yes yes yes Source: Strategy Analytics, Nokia evaluation no (too high latency) * at 450 MHz

64 M

65 MVPN-Mobile M Virtual Private Network GSM IN MVPN PBX PSTN

66 Pure MVPN (Without PBX Integration) VMS MSC/IN MSC/IN IN/SCP MSC PLMN MSC IN/SCP User A :Mobile User B :Mobile User A: (6998) User B: (6168) User A User B,,,

67 GSM ISDN PSTN GMSC SCP AUC HLR SS PABX E1 PRA MSC/ VLR SSP MS BSS OMC RBS BSC

68 MVPN SSP TGW E1/PRI (1) ATU-R Other-VG W (3) Internet ADSL ADSL ADSL (1)E1-MVPN (2)IP-PBX MVPN (3)VoIP-VGW MVPN (4)Mobile Trunk (3) ATU-R Clarent-VG W (2) ATU-R Other--VGW (5) (4) Phase I

69 M M (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (1) (2) (3) (1) (2)

70 M 1.,,M. ++ ($) 2.? (.etc) / (1): () (2)IDC: () (3): () (4): ()

71 M

72 1., 2., 3., 4. 5.( )

74 - firewall Router Web Server

77 M Push Data Server 3G 3G / GPRS MIoD server Push Mail server

78 ? (1) (2) (3) (4)

79 FILE SERVER Ethernet WEB SERVER Ethernet INTERNET GPRS BOX ( ) HHTSERVER GRPS Server GSM GPRS

80 1Dispatcher 2

82 GPS, GSM,

83 MGPRS, 24GPRS ~2 (Jan Nilsson)

84 M-2-M CMS( ) Data Logger LED PLC() ITS

85 M 3G + 3G web site 3G/GPRS GPRS / 3G + PDA + ERP Internet update 3G /GPRS 3G / GPRS /

86 M M E

87 M 24

EE Lecture 11 (Wireless Communications Systems)

EE Lecture 11 (Wireless Communications Systems) EE110300 Lecture 11 (Wireless Communications Systems) Contents ( ) (RF) (Antenna) m(t) m(t) 90 50 40 30 20 10 0 ( ) 10 300 330 0 30 60 270 90 240 210 180 150 120 (LAN) (VSAT ) (Pager) (Cellular Phone)