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1 Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology 2016, 53(2): DOI: /j.issn * 梨小食心虫幼虫龄数和龄期的划分王芳 1, 2** 庾琴 1, 2, 3 郭贵明 1, 3 郝赤 2*** 范仁俊 , 3*** 摘要目的 Grapholitha molesta (Busck) 方法 4 结果 Dyar Crosby d 1 4 d d d d d 5 结论关键词 Determination of larval instar number and duration of the Grapholitha molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) WANG Fang 1, 2** YU Qin 1, 2, 3 GUO Gui-Ming 1, 3 HAO Chi 2*** 1, 3*** FAN Ren-Jun (1. Institute of Plant Protection, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan , China; 2. Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu , China; 3. Key Laboratory of Agriculture Integrated Management of Hazardous Organisms in Shanxi Province, Taiyuan , China) Abstract [Objectives] To determine the developmental stages of Grapholitha molesta (Busck) larvae and provide a foundation for forecasting and scientific management of this pest. [Methods] Four morphological variables were measured, including larva head capsule width, mandible width, body length and head width. [Results] Head capsule width and mandible width conformed to the Dyar and Crosby rules, as well as having an obvious linear relationship, making them important criteria for identifying larval instars. The duration of the larval stage was about 15 d when reared under laboratory conditions at 26. Five Grapholitha molesta larval instars could be distinguished. These were; first instar (1-4 d), second instar (4-7 d), third instar (6-10 d), fourth instar (8-12 d), fifth instar (11-14 d). [Conclusion] Bristles, body color and markings can be used as auxiliary distinguishing criteria method when body length and width were too variable to reliably identify instars. Key words Grapholitha molesta, head capsule, mandible, larva instar number Grapholitha molesta Busck Lepidoptera Olethreutidae * Supported projects ** First author @qq.com *** Corresponding author rjfan@163.com yuqinninetwoone@163.com Received Accepted

2 2 : 391 Dyar Dyar 2001 Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire 2005 Agrilus citri Mats 2006 Carpomya vesuviana 材料与方法 1.1 供试虫源 26±0.5 RH 70±10 % 15L 9D % 1.2 试验方法 15 d h 75% OLYMPUS SZX7 jpg 数据统计与分析 EXCEL 2007 SPSS Statistics 19.0 Dyar Brooks Crosby P< 0.05 P 0.05 Brooks = x n /x n-1 x n x n-1 n n-1 Crosby = b n -b n-1 )/b n b n b n-1 n n-1 Brooks Crosby 10% 2 结果与分析 2.1 梨小食心虫幼虫龄数的确定 Crosby 10% 1 Dyar 5 F= P= F= P= 体长和体宽测定结果分析 mm mm 2.3 幼虫龄数和龄期 5 6

3 392 Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology 53 Fig. 1 图 1 梨小食心虫幼虫头壳宽度频次分布图 Frequency histograms of head capsule width of Grapholitha molesta Fig. 2 图 2 梨小食心虫幼虫上颚宽宽度频次分布图 Frequency histograms of mandible width of Grapholitha molesta Table 1 Morphological structures Head capsule Instar 表 1 梨小食心虫幼虫头壳宽度和上颚宽测量值的统计参数 Statistical parameters of head capsule width and mandible width of Grapholitha molesta mm Class limits Number of samples Effective percent mm Mean±SE Standard deviation Standard error mean 95% 95% confidence interval Lower limit Upper limit Brooks Brooks ration Crosby Crosby ration Mandible

4 2 : 393 图 3 梨小食心虫头壳宽与幼虫龄期的回归关系 Fig. 3 The regression relationship between larval instars and head capsule widths of Grapholitha molesta 图 4 梨小食心虫上颚宽值与龄期回归线分析 Fig. 4 The regression relationship between larval instars and mandible width of Grapholitha molesta 13 d 15 d 15 d d 4 7 d 6 10 d 8 12 d d d 图 5 梨小食心虫幼虫头宽与日龄关系的头宽值分析 Fig. 5 Relationship analysis of larval instars and age about head capsule of Grapholitha molesta 2.4 外部形态特征变化情况 OLYMPUS SZX7 图 6 梨小食心虫幼虫上颚宽与日龄关系的上颚宽分析 Fig. 6 Relationship analysis of larval instars and age about mandible width of Grapholitha molesta 讨论 4 Dyar Lithocolletis ringoniella Mats Holcocerus hippophaecolus Holcocerus vicarious (Walker) Pristophora conjugate Dahlbom 2008 Helicoverpa armigera HÜbner 1979

394 Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology 53 Fig.

Grapholitha molesta A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5 F. A. First instar larva; B.

Fifth instar larva; F. The larva of each instar.

(Reference) Beijing Agricultural University, South China Agricultural University,

Fruit Entomology. Beijing: China Agriculture Press. 322. [,,,, 1981.. :. 322.] Cai WZ, Pang XF, 2001.

5 394 Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology 53 Fig. 7 图 7 梨小食心虫幼虫各龄期形态特征 The morphological characteristics of each instar age of Grapholitha molesta A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5 F. A. First instar larva; B. Second instar larva; C. Third instar larva; D. Fourth instar larva; E. Fifth instar larva; F. The larva of each instar. Chilo suppressalis (Walker) d 13 d 15 d d 参考文献 (Reference) Beijing Agricultural University, South China Agricultural University, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Henan Agricultural University, Fruit Entomology. Beijing: China Agriculture Press [,,,, :. 322.] Cai WZ, Pang XF, General Entomology. Beijing: China Agricultural University Press [,, :. 236.] Chen YN, Pan D, Growth law of head breadth and feeding amount of larvae. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology, 25(4): 235

6 2 : [,, , 25(4): ] Dong YZ, Chen BX, Xu S, Li PY, Division of larval of the litchi giant looper. Journal of Enviromental Entomology, 33(4): [,,,, , 33(4): ] Fan LQ, The number of larval instars and duration of each instar of Pristiphora conjugate. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology, 45(1): [, , 45(1): ] Guo LN, Comparison of biological characteristics between the natural population and the laboratory population of the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta ( Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Acta Entomologica Sinica, 57(2): [, , 57(2): ] Hu LS, Qi CJ, Zhu YF, Tian CM, Ren L, Determination on larva instars of ber fruit fly. Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University, 35(2): [,,,,, , 35(2): ] Song HY, Chen CM, Zeng JL, Liu SL, Identify of instars of Chilo suppressalis larva. Huazhong Agricultural Science, (2): [,,,, , (2): ] Sun YJ, Wei JY, Yang ZD, Li M, Wei YL, Wei HH, Division of larval instars of the Buzura suppressaria. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology, 46(6): [,,,,,, , 46(6): ] Wang CL, Cong B, Wang HP, Identification on larval instars of the asintic apple leaf-miner, Lithocolletis ringoniella Mats. Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University, 38(3): [,,, , 38(3): ] Wang XY, Yang ZQ, Liu GJ, Larval instars and stadia of Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera:Buprestidae). Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 41(3): [,,,, , 41(3): ] Wang YR, Huang M, Liu XW, WU JX, Zhao D, Artificial diet for larvae of the oriental fruit Grapholita molesta (Busck). Journal of Northwest A &F University(Nat.Sci.Ed.), 39(5): [,,,,, ( ), 39(5): ] Wei SJ, Zheng HH, HuangFu WG, Shi ZH, Chen XX, Division of larval instars of the citrus borer, Agrilus auriventris. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 49(2): [,,,,, , 49(2): ] Wen LH, Liu HQ, Gao Y, He ZJ, Forecast and control of Grapholita molesta (Busck). Tianjin Science and Technology of Agriculture and Forestry, 163(5): 1 3. [,,,, , 163(5): 1 3.] Yang MH, Zhang JT, Zong SX, Luo YQ, Niu HL, Zhang B, Determination of the larval instar of the carpenter moth Holcocerus vicarious. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 55(6): [,,,,,, , 55(6): ] Yang ZQ, Wang XY, Talking about prepupa of insect. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology, 44(6): [,, , 44(6): ] Zhou XH Li LL Zhang SC Zhang AS, Men XY Yu Y, Review on occurrence regularity and pollution-free control technology of Grapholitha molesta (Busck). Shandong Agricultural Sciences, 10: [,,,,,, , 10: ] Zhu BT, Identify of larval instars of Helicoverpa armigera. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology, 16(6): [, , 16 (6): ] Zong SX, Luo YQ, Xu ZC, Wang T, The preliminary research on the larval instars of Holcocerus hippophaecolus. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology, 43(5): [,,,, , 43(5): ]

Microsoft Word 万喻----核红改.doc

Microsoft Word 万喻----核红改.doc Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology 2015, 52(6): 1491 1495. DOI: 10.7679/j.issn.2095 1353.2015.180 * 法氏柴胡宽蛾幼虫龄期的划分万 ** 喻 *** 刘廷辉王静静何运转 071001 摘要目的 Depressaria falkovitshi Lvovsky 方法 Dyar Crosby 结果