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1 Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology 2015, 52(3): DOI: /j.issn 韭菜迟眼蕈蚊对十三种蔬菜为害调查及 * 趋性研究张 ** 鹏 *** 王秋红赵云贺陈澄宇慕卫刘峰摘要目的方法 Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang 13 Y 结果 Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Sprengel Allium sativum L. Allium ascalonicum L. 结论关键词 Investigation of crop damage and food preferences of Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang ZHANG Peng ** WANG Qiu-Hong ZHAO Yun-He CHEN Cheng-Yu MU Wei LIU Feng *** (Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an , China) Abstract [Objectives] To clarify the appropriate companion plants and rotation crops for Chinese chives with respect to minimizing crop damage by Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang. [Methods] The damage caused by Bradysia odoriphaga to thirteen crops in the season after planting Chinese chives was investigated and the preferences of larvae and adults of B. odoriphaga for different crops were determined using a Y-olfactometer. [Results] The results show that the extent of damage to the thirteen vegetable crops was significantly different. Vegetables of the lily family, including Chinese chives, garlic and onions, were the most severely damaged followed by those of the Compositae. Damage to members of the Solanaceae was not apparent. Both larvae and adults had clear preferences for different crops, among which a preference for Chinese chives was the most apparent whereas members of the solanaceae family were the least preferred. [Conclusion] The results suggest that intercropping and crop rotation can improve the management of B. odoriphaga. Key words Bradysia odoriphaga, damage symptom, selectivity Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang % % 30% 100% * Supported projects() ** First author emzp2008@163.com *** Corresponding author fliu@sdau.edu.cn Received Accepted

2 744 Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology 52 30% 80% 材料与方法 1.1 材料 Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang ±1 75%±5% Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Sprengel Allium sativum L. Allium ascalonicum L. Cichorium endivia L. Brassica alboglabra Spinacia oleracea Cucurbita pepo L. Cucumis sativus Linn Raphanus sativus L. Brassica rapa pekinensis Brassica campestris L. Capsicum annuum Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. 1.2 韭菜迟眼蕈蚊对 13 种作物的为害调查韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫对不同寄主的趋性测定 cm 4 cm cm 3 h 韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫对不同寄主的趋性测定 Y ( 2002) 2 h 2 g 500 ml/min 20 6 h

3 3 : 数据分析 DPS Duncan 结果与分析 2.1 韭菜迟眼蕈蚊对 13 种蔬菜的为害调查韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫对不同作物的趋性 Kinds Chinese chive Garlic Onion Chrysanthemum Cabbage mustard Lettuce Radish Chinese cabbage Oilseed rape Pumpkin Cucumber Pepper Tomato Table 1 表 1 韭菜迟眼蕈蚊对 13 种蔬菜的为害程度及为害症状 The damage degree and symptom of Bradysia odoriphaga to thirteen vegetables Families Liliaceae Liliaceae Liliaceae Compositae Compositae Compositae Cruciferae Cruciferae Cruciferae Curcurbitaceae Curcurbitaceae Solanaceae Solanaceae The damage degree Relatively serious Relatively serious Relatively serious Relatively slight Relatively slight Slight No harm No harm The damage symptom

4 746 应用昆虫学报 Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology Fig 卷图 1 韭菜迟眼蕈蚊对不同蔬菜的为害症状 The damage symptom of Bradysia odoriphaga to different vegetables A, B 韭菜 C 大蒜 D, E 苦菊苣 F, G 生菜 H, I 芥蓝 J, K 萝卜 L 白菜 A, B: Chinese chive; C: Garlic; D, E: Chrysanthemum; F, G: Lettuce; H, I: Cabbage mustard; J, K: Radish; L: Chinese cabbage. 物的趋性差异均显著 2 龄幼虫对 13 种作物的黄瓜生菜白菜西葫芦油菜番茄趋性顺序为韭菜芥蓝苦菊苣大蒜圆葱辣椒总体而言 2 龄和 4 龄幼虫对不同作物的萝卜生菜白菜黄瓜西葫芦油菜趋性基本一致对韭菜表现出很强的趋性对芥番茄辣椒而 4 龄幼虫对 13 种作物的趋性顺蓝苦菊苣的趋性居中对番茄辣椒未表现出序为韭菜芥蓝苦菊苣大蒜圆葱萝卜任何趋性

5 3 : 747 Fig. 2 图 2 韭菜迟眼蕈蚊 2 龄和 4 龄幼虫对不同蔬菜的趋性 The taxis of Bradysia odoriphaga 2nd and 4th instar to different vegetables ± Duncan s P <0.05 Data in the figure are mean±sd. Histograms with different letters indicate significant difference at P<0.05 level by Duncan s new multiple range test. 2.3 韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫对不同蔬菜的趋性 2 52% 72% 74% G P G P % 3 讨论

6 748 Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology 52 Pairs No Table 2 表 2 韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫对几种配对作物叶片的趋性反应 Selection responses of Bradysia odoriphaga adults to several plant leaf pairs Option Mean SE (%) Selection ratio Chinese chive Air Control Chinese chive Pepper Chinese chive Tomato Chinese chive Chinese cabbage Chinese chive Pumpkin Chinese chive Radish Chinese chive Lettuce Chinese chive Oilseed rape Chinese chive Onion Chinese chive Cabbage mustard Chinese chive Cucumber Chinese chive Chrysanthemum Chinese chive Garlic G G-statistics P P-value

7 3 : Visser 1986 参考文献 (References) Dang ZH, Dong JZ, Gao ZL, Jia HM, Zhang KJ, Pan WL, Biology and injury of Bradysia odoriphaga on leek in different type of cultivation. Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei, 24(4): [,,,,,, , 24(4): ] Fan JS, Zhang LX, Wang GQ, Ma SM, Shao HT, Host plant selection and nutrient utilization of beet armyworm larvae. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 27(30): [,,,,, , 27(30): ] Mu W, Liu F, Jia ZM, He MH, Xiang GF, A simple and convenient rearing technique for Bradysia odoriphaga. Entomological Journal of East China, 12(2): [,,,,, , 12(2): ] Pan XM, Xia YT, The occurrence and control research of Bradysia odoriphaga. Plant Protection, 19(2): [,, , 19(2): ] Shi BC, Lu H, Gong YJ, Wei SJ, The identification and prevention of Bradysia odoriphaga. China Vegetables, 11: [,,,, , 11: ] Tang QY, Feng GM, Practical Statistical Analysis and DPS Data Processing System. Beijing : Science Press. 76, [,, DPS. :. 76, ] Visser JH, Host odor perception in phytophagous insects. Annual Review of Entomology, 31: Xue M, Yuan L, Pang YH, Studies on olfactory response of adults to volatile odor from host plant and the antennal ultrastructure of Bradysia odoriphaga //Li DM (ed.). Study on Contemporary Entomology. Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press [,,, :.. : ] Xue M, Yuan L, Xu ML, The olfactory response of adults to volatiles and comparison of toxicity of different insecticides to the adults and larvae of Bradysia odoriphaga. Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science, 4(2): [,,, , 4(2): ] Yang JK, Zhang XM, Notes on the fragrant onion gnats with descriptions of two new species of Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae). Acta Agriculturae Universitis Pekinensis, 11(2): [,, ( : )., 11(2): ] Zheng FQ, Feng HQ, Studies of the occurrence and control of Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang. Journal of Shandong Agriculture University, 18(1): [,, , 18(4): ]

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