Civilization (1828) ( ) 3 : : ; : ( ); 19 ( ); 19 ( ) : 1 : 1998 Fran oispierreguilaumegui

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2 Civilization (1828) ( ) 3 : : ; : ( ); 19 ( ); 19 ( ) : 1 : 1998 Fran oispierreguilaumeguizotgeneral Historyof Civilizationin EuropeNew York:D.Appleton andcompany1896pp.8-9. Fran oispierreguilaumeguizotgeneral Historyof Civilizationin Europepp

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4 ; 1 : 2 ; 3 4 (Post-FiguralHistoriography) 5 : Fran oispierreguilaumeguizotgeneral Historyof Civilizationin Europepp : : StephenG.Nichols Contingencyand Post-Figural Historiographyinthe French Restoration "Modern Language Notesvol.124no.4 (September2009)pp :

5 civilization 1867 ( ) 1 barbarous civilization civilization 1875 Civilization 2 civilization : : 1 : : : : : 97 : ( ) 27 37

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8 ( ) 1 19 civilization civilization : : ( ); ( ); ( ); ( ); ( ); ( ); ( ); ( ) civilization civilization (Young-Sun Ha) : : 99 ;Young-Sun Ha TheConceptualHistoryofCivilizationinthe19 th CenturyKorea" htp:// : ( ) : ( ) 73

9 (1899) 3 4 : ; 5 : ; 1998 JoshuaA. Fogel The Roleof Japanin Liang Qichao sintroductionof Modern Western Civilizationto China Berkeley:InstituteofEastAsianStudiesUniversityofCalifornia2004. : : 1 : : : : : : : ( ); ( ) : : 1 267

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11 : : 1 : : 5 economy economics : : : : : : : : MoriTokihiko Liang Qichaoand Western Modernity:An Analysisof HisTranslationsoftheTerm PoliticalEconomy "injoshuaa.fogeled.the Roleof Japanin Liang Qichao sintroductionof Modern Western Civilizationto Chinapp

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13 CONTENTS TheHuizhouResidents AssociationinShanghaiandItsRelationship withsocialchange ( ) TangLixing(48) In1902theShanghaiChamberofCommercewasestablishedandinthesameyearthefirst Huizhou Residents Association in Shanghai was born. The Residents Associationa continuationofthetraditionalguildhalwasaself-governingorganizationbasedonacommon placeoforiginandfoundedwiththebroadparticipationofoldandnew-stylemerchantsgentry membersandthenew intelectualstratummenand womenandcapitalandlabor.it was complementarytothechamberofcommerceinfunction.fromitsestablishmentintheearly twentiethcenturytoitsdissolutionin1953the Huizhou Residents AssociationinShanghai wentthroughrepeatedperiodsofcontinuityandrupture.aftertheoutbreakofthepacificwar theassociationceaseditsactivitiesbutthepost-warperiodsawthecontinuationoftheself- governingcommunityfunctionsoftheassociationandofpublicspaceforshanghairesidents.in thelaterperiodofchina ssecondcivil Warwhentheeconomy wasdepressedandsocietyin turmoilthe Association was mired in dificultiesand eventualy disappeared in UnderstandingcontinuityandruptureinthehistoryoftheResidents Associationprovidesus withauniqueperspectiveonthechangesofthatera. TheSpreadoftheEuropeanConceptof Civilization"toJapanandChinaanditsLocalization:An AnalysisCenteringonFran oispierreguilaumeguizotfukuzawayukichiandliangqichao Liu Wenming(66) ThenineteenthcenturyEuropeanconceptof civilization"containedelementsofimperialist ideologyandspreadthroughoutthe worldinthe wakeofeuropeancolonialexpansion.inthe courseoftheeastwardmovementandlocalizedabsorptionofthebasicconnotationsoftheconcept of civilization"wecantraceaclearlineofinheritancefrom GuizottoFukuzawaYukichiand LiangQichao.FukuzawaandLiang sadvocacyof civilization"reflectsthepowerfulinfluenceof European civilization"asaglobaldiscourse. Civilization"atthetimewasnotjustawordora conceptbuthadbecomea universal"valueorientationaswelasthegoalofsocialprogressfor whichalcountriesmuststriverepresentedby WesternEurope.ItwaswithinthisEurope-led discoursesystemthatfukuzawaandliangtriedtofindapathtowealthandstrengthandbuilda civilizationsuitedtotheirowncountries while absorbing"foreignimports.howeverthe outcomeofthelocalizationof civilization"inthe WesternsensewasquitediferentinJapanand China. Research Articles ALan"( )and FuTie"( ):BuddhistElementsinTurfanSogdianNames WangRui(78) TheinfluenceofBuddhismonSogdianswhohadmigratedintoChinawasreflectednotonly intheirbeliefsbutalsoinsomeoftheirhu ( non-han)names.sogdianhunamesfoundin Turfanliteratureincludebesidesthecommonlyseenfo ( Buddha")seng ( monk") andni ( nun")somestilobscurewordssuchasa Lan ( )andfutie ( ).A Lan isa Zoroastrian god with a strong coloring of Buddhism. The word has no etymological connectionwithitshomonymalan ( )butinsteadisrelatedtotheancientcapitalalanmi 190

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