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1 Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology 2016, 53(5): DOI: /j.issn * 金银花尺蠖幼虫蛹和成虫的营养成分分析 ** 向玉勇朱园美丁雅娟摘要目的了解金银花尺蠖 Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga Chu 幼虫蛹和成虫的主要营养成分, 评价其营养价值, 为金银花尺蠖的食用开发提供理论依据方法采用国家标准检测方法, 测定金银花尺蠖幼虫蛹和成虫的水分蛋白质脂肪总糖氨基酸脂肪酸微量元素和维生素的含量, 分析金银花尺蠖幼虫蛹和成虫的氨基酸分必需氨基酸指数必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比值, 并与常见食物进行比较分析结果结果表明, 金银花尺蠖幼虫蛹和成虫的水分含量分别为 72.93% 64.92% 和 56.16%; 蛋白质含量分别为 50.64% 60.12% 和 48.38%; 脂肪含量分别为 21.98% 23.84% 和 20.60%; 总糖含量分别为 3.32% 5.35% 和 2.79%; 总氨基酸含量分别为和 mg/g; 必需氨基酸总含量分别为 mg/g; 必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的比例分别为 40.27% 40.34% 和 37.26%; 必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值分别为 67.43% 67.62% 和 59.38%; 必需氨基酸指数分别为和 0.87; 不饱和脂肪酸的含量分别为 68.45% 69.09% 和 66.29%, 其 P/S 值分别为和 1.95; 必需脂肪酸含量分别为 34.35% 34.77% 和 32.71%; 微量元素 Zen 的含量分别为 mg/100 g,fe 的含量分别为 mg/100 g, 幼虫中 Cu 的含量为 mg/100 g, 蛹和成虫中均不含 Cu; 维生素以 B 6 的含量最高, 分别为 mg/100 g 结论金银花尺蠖具有较高的营养价值和食用价值, 具有极大的开发潜力关键词金银花尺蠖, 营养成分, 食用昆虫 Analysis of nutritional components of Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga Chu larvae, pupae and adults XIANG Yu-Yong ** ZHU Yuan-Mei DING Ya-Juan (School of Biology and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou , China) Abstract [Objectives] To determine the nutritional content of Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga Chu larvae, pupae and adults, in order to investigate the potential for the development of this species as a food resource. [Methods] The water, protein, fat, total sugar, amino acid, fatty acid, trace element and vitamin content of Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga Chu larvae, pupae and adults were determined in a laboratory using national standard test methods. The amino acid score, essential amino acid index, ratio of essential to nonessential amino acids, and ratio of essential to nonessential fatty acids in H. jinyinhuaphaga larvae, pupae and adults were also analyzed and compared with other foods. [Results] The following results are for larvae, pupae and adults in that order. Water content was 72.93%, 64.92% and 56.16% and protein content was 50.64%, 60.12% and 48.38%. Fat content was 21.98%, 23.84% and 20.60% and total sugar content was 3.32%, 5.35% and 2.79%. Total amino acid content was , and mg/g, and total essential amino acid content was , and mg/g. The proportion of essential to total amino acids was 40.27%, 40.34% and 37.26% and the ratio of essential to nonessential amino acids was 67.43%, 67.62% and 59.38%. Essential amino acid indices were 1.02, 1.07 and Unsaturated fatty acid content was 68.45%, 69.09% and 66.29% and P/S values were 2.17, 2.24 and The essential fatty content was 34.35%, 34.77% and * Supported projectsgxfxzd SQRZ ** First author xyy10657@sohu.com Received Accepted

2 1104 Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology %. Zn content was 11.29, and mg/100 g, and Fe content was 32.31, and mg/ 100 g. Cu content of larvae was mg/100 g (pupae and adults contained no Cu). B 6 had the highest concentration among the vitamins tested, which was 7.93, and mg/100 g. [Conclusion] The results suggest that H. jinyinhuaphaga has high nutritional value and has tremendous potential for development as a food resource. Key words Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga, nutritional components, edible insect Acrida cinerea 2003 Hydrous acuminatus Motsch 2006 Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) 2014a 2014b Cethosia cyane (Drury) Papilio xuthus 2014 Idea leuconoe (Erichson) Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga Chu 材料与方法 1.1 供试昆虫 RXZ-288A L.. D= % 7% 600 ml 10 10% 1.2 仪器设备 Selecta

3 5 : 1105 FW80 Hanon K9840 GC-7806II L-8900 HITACHI Agilent 1200 Agilent wfx-130 CP224S 1.3 方法样品处理 24 h 105± 2 3 h 水分含量测定 GB h 80 3 = / 100% 蛋白质含量测定 GB/ g 脂肪含量测定 GB/ g 10 h 脂肪酸含量测定 GB/T 总糖含量测定 GB/ T 氨基酸含量测定 GB/ T 微量元素含量测定 GB/T GB/T GB/T 维生素含量测定 A E GB/T B 1 GB/T B 6 GB/T C GB/T D 2 GB/T 营养分析方法 AASSC EAAI 2003 AAS = mg/g /FAO mg/g SC)= mg/g / mg/g EAAI = n b / a 100 b / a 100 b / a 100 b / a n n b 1 b 2 b 3 b n,, mg/g a 1, a 2, a 3 a n FAO mg/gn 1.4 数据处理 SPSS 结果与分析 2.1 金银花尺蠖幼虫蛹和成虫的水分蛋白质脂肪和总糖含量 1

4 1106 Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology 53 表 1 金银花尺蠖幼虫蛹和成虫营养成分的比较 Table 1 Comparison of nutritional content of Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga larva, pupa and adults % Content Name Water Protein Fat Total sugar Larva 72.93± ± ± ±0.75 Pupa 64.92± ± ± ±0.99 Adult 56.16± ± ± ±0.65 * Egg * Pork *Chicken * Beef * Mutton * * indicates data are from China Food Composition (2009, 2014) %75.80% 46.80% 69.00% 68.10% 66.90% 64.92% 56.16% 50.64% 60.12% 48.38% 21.98% 23.84% 20.60% 3.32% 5.35% 2.79% 金银花尺蠖幼虫蛹和成虫的氨基酸含量 mg/g 表 2 金银花尺蠖幼虫蛹和成虫的氨基酸含量 Table 2 Amino acid content of Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga larva, pupa and adult mg/g Content (mg/g DW) Amino acids Larva Pupa Adult Asp * Thr Ser Glu Gly Ala Cys * Val * Met * Ile * Leu Tyr * Phe * Lys His Arg Pro * Trp Total EAA NEAA EAA/(EAA+ NEAA)(%) EAA/NEAA (%) *EAA NEAA * represents essential acid; EAA represents total content of essential amino acid; NEAA represents total content of nonessential amino acid; represents not detected.

5 5 : mg/g mg/g mg/g mg/g 40.27% 40.34% 37.26% 67.43% 67.62% 59.38% 1973 FAO AASCS EAAI mg/g AAS CS mg/g EAAI FAO FAO FAO 2.3 金银花尺蠖幼虫蛹和成虫脂肪酸含量 % 69.09% 66.29% P/S % 34.77% 32.71% 2.4 金银花尺蠖幼虫蛹和成虫微量元素和维生素含量 5 Zen Fe Cu mg/100 g Zen Fe mg/100 g mg/100 g Zen Fe mg/100 g mg/100 g 5 B mg/100 g D mg/100 g Amino acids Table 3 表 3 金银花尺蠖幼虫蛹和成虫的氨基酸分和化学分 AAS and CS of Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga larva, pupa and adult mg/g Content AAS CS FAO * * FAO pattern Whole egg Larva Pupa Adult Larva Pupa Adult Larva Ile Leu Lys Met+Cys Phe+ Tyr Thr Trp Val Total AA * 1994 * indicates data are from reference (Chen, 1994), represents not detected. Pupa Adult

6 1108 Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology 53 Table 4 表 4 金银花尺蠖幼虫蛹和成虫脂肪酸的含量 Fatty acid content of Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga larva, pupa and adult % Content Fatty acid Larva Pupa Adult (C18:0) Stearic acid 3.18± ± ±0.11 (C14:0) Myristic acid 1.92± ± ±0.13 (C16:0) Palmitic acid 26.45± ± ±0.21 (C16:1) Palmitoleic acid 3.83± ± ±0.06 (C18:1) Oleic acid 30.27± ± ±0.08 (C18:2) Linoleic acid 6.71± ± ±0.12 (C18:3) Linolenic acid 27.64± ± ±0.11 Saturated fatty acid 31.55± ± ±0.21 Usaturated fatty acid 68.45± ± ±0.17 Essential fatty acid 34.35± ± ±0.09 P/S 2.17± ± ±0.11 P/S P/S indicates ration of unsaturated fatty acid and saturated. 表 5 金银花尺蠖幼虫蛹和成虫微量元素和维生素含量 Table 5 Trace element and vitamin content of Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga larva, pupa and adult 微量元素 (mg/100 g)trace element mg/100 g Vitamin Name Zen Fe Cu A B 1 B 6 D 2 E C Larva 11.29± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ±0.02 Pupa 98.42± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ±0.01 Adult 66.98± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± 讨论 72.93% 64.92% 56.16% I. leuconoe (Erichson) C. cyane (Drury) P. xuthus a 2014b Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola A. cinerea Tenebrio molitor Linne Bombyx mori Linnaeus A. cinerea % 60.12% 48.38% ( a 2014b) B. mori Linnaeus 2009 T. molitor Linne T. molitor Linne

7 5 : % 23.84% 20.60% a 2014b % 5.35% 2.79% mg/g mg /g530.5 mg/g C. cyane (Drury) ( a 2014b) FAO / WHO EAA/(EAA+NEAA) 40% EAA / NEAA 60% % 40.34% 67.43% 67.62% FAO / WHO % 59.38% FAO/WHO EAAIEAAI EAAI EAAI 0.86 EAAI EAAI a 2014b 2007 EAAI 0.87 EAAI % 69.09% 66.29% P/S Chinolyda flagellicornis F. Smith % 34.77% 32.71% Eligma narcissus Gramer

8 1110 Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology Zen Fe Cu mg/ 100 g Zen Fe Cu 2000Zen Fe Cu 2009 Zen Fe mg/100 g mg/100 g Zen Fe 2009 Zen Fe mg/100 g mg/100 g ) 2000 Zen Fe 2009 A B 1 B 6 C D 2 E 1995 参考文献 (References) Chen BQ, Nutrition and Food Hygiene (Third Edition). Beijing: People's Medical Press. 6 9.[, ( 3 ). :. 6 9.] Chen XM, Feng Y, Chinese Edible Insects. Beijing: China Science and Technology Press [, : ] Cong JM, Nutritional value appraisal of predacidiving beetle. Food Research and Development, 28(9): [, , 28(9): ] Feng DX, EAAI application in feed. Feed Industry, 18(3): [, EAAI., 18(3): ] Guo ZL, Wang RL, Liang AP, Pan SM, Chen SH, Analysis and evaluation of nutritional components of Hydrous acuminateus. Entomological Knowledge, 40(4): [,,,,, , 40(4): ] Hu FL, Chen SL, Lin XZ, Su SK, Studies of nutritional values of Apis mellifera Ligustica Spinola worker larva and pupa. Apiculture of China, 50(2): 3 4. [,,,, , 50(2): 3 4.] Huang Q, Zhou ZJ, Zhou DG, Hu J, Yang W, Yang CP, Nutritional components of Chinolyda flagellicornis larvae. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology, 44(1): [,,,,,, , 44(1): ] Jiang M, Shao MG, Zhao BL, Biology characteristic of

9 5 : 1111 Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga Chu and the control metholds. Shandong Forestry Science and Technology, 35(1): [,,, , 35(1): 62 63] Li WY, Yang Z, Pu ZY, Shi JY, Yao J, Nutritional components of Idea leuconoe larva and pupa. Journal of Northwest A F University (Natural Science Edition), 42(11): , 150. [,,,,, ( ), 42(11): , 150.] Li SM, Li ML, Wang FH, Comparative analysis of fatty acids in larva and pupa of Eligma narcissus. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 21(3): [,,, , 21(3): ] Lin YZ, Xu SG, Zhan XM, Nutrition components of Acrida cinerea and the evaluation of its utilization. Entomological Knowledge, 37(4): [,,, , 37(4): ] Nutrition and Food Hygiene Institute of Chinese Preventive Medicine Academy, China Food Composition. Beijing: People's Medical Press [, :. 1 50] Pu ZY, Shi JY, Yao J, Zhou DQ, Zhu M, Comparative analysis of nutritional components of Cethosia cyane larva and pupa. Natural Product Research and Development, 26(8): [,,,,, , 26(8): ] Pu ZY, Shi JY, Yao J, Zhou DQ, Yang Z, Analysis of nutritional components of Palilio xuthus larva and pupa. Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University, 45(6): [,,,,, , 45(6): ] Wang YP, Liu J, Wu YM, Liu LE, Lv QJ, Wu YJ, Analysis of nutrition composition on silkworm pupa. Journal of Zhengzhou University (Medical Sciences), 44(3): [,,,,,, ( ), 44(3): ] Wen LZ, Edible Entomology Principle and Application. Changsha: Hunan Science and Technology Press [, : ] Xiang YY, Liu KZ, Yin PF, Wang MY, Shi HR, The biological characteristics of honeysuckle geometrid in Anhui province. Journal of Chuzhou University, 12(5): [,,,,, , 12(5): ] Yang YX, Wang GY, Pan XC, China Food Composition. Beijing: Peking University Medical Press [,,, : ] Ye XQ, Hu C, Wang X, Analysis of nutritional component of six species of insects of Lepidoptera. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, 20(2): [,,, , 20(2): ] Zhang WR, Gao DH, Liu AH, Relationships between honeysuckle geometrid occurrence and meteorological condition. Meteorological and Environmental Sciences, 30(4): [,,, , 30(4): ] Zhao DJ, Nutrition component and edible value of Tenebrio molitor Linne. Grain and Oil food Science and Technology, 8(2): [, , 8(2): ] Zhao F, Wang JG, Tian JP, Lei CL, Determination of nutritional components in Chrysomy megacephala. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology, 43(5): [,,,, , 43(5): ]

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i i ii 1 2 3 4 % N) 5 50.0 AMINO ACID #64 [modified by Administrator] IntAmp_1 nc 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0-10.0 1 - ala - 10.483 2 - thr - 11.107 3 - gly - 11.872 4 - val - 13.458 5 - ser - 14.903 6 - pro