4 : 817,, ( ),, ,,, 2 (5 cm),,, , 8 18 : :00, ( 1 1), 25098, %, 18006, ,, 32,

28 4 28 No. 4 Vol. 2009 8 PLA TEAU M ETEOROLO GY August, 2009 : 100020534 (2009) 0420816211 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2 (1., 710015 ; 2., 710015 ; 3., 250000 ; 4., 721006 ; 5., 100081) : 2007 8 8 9, :,, ; -, TBB - 60 ; 50 60 dbz, VIL 60 70 kg/ m 2, 15 17 km ; :, : ; ; - : P446 : A 1,,, [1-8 ],, [ 9 ] 6 km : ( > 30 dbz), 20,,, [10 ] MCS 6 km, MCS MCS, MCS, [11 ],,,, [ 12 ],, 700 400 hpa 35 % 85 %, 2007 8 8 9,,??,?, : 2008202206 ; : 2009204213 : (40775070) : (1971 ),,,,,. E2mail : luohui6812 @sina. com

4 : 817,, ( ),, 2007 8 8 9,,, 2 (5 cm),,, 2. 3 2007 8 8 9, 8 18 :00 9 03 :00, 28939 ( 1 1), 25098, 86. 7 %, 18006, 4937 2. 1 2007 8 8 9,, 32, 6 1961 8 100 mm, 215 mm,,, 8 20 :00 (, ) 9 01 :00, 12 1 h 40 mm, 8 1 h 50 mm, 1 h 92. 1 mm, 2. 2 2004, 9,,,,, > 90 %,, 25 237, 1 2007 8 8 18 :00 9 03 :00 Fig. 1 Distribution of CG lightning flashes in Shaanxi Province from 18 :00 on 8 to 03 :00 on 9 August 2007, 2, 2, 98 %, 20kA 95. 5 %, 2007 8 8 19 :00 9 03 :00,, 8 h,

8 18 28 1 2007 8 8 18 :00 9 03 :00 Table 1 Statistical of CG lightning flashes in Shaanxi Province from 18 :00 on 8 to 03 :00 on 9 August 2007 < 20 ka 20 50 ka 50 100 ka > 100 ka 53 3 50 0 10 30 13 5 169 1 168 5 72 52 40 7 101 6 95 7 74 13 7 6 4937 52 4885 328 3481 1078 50 8 18006 56 17950 742 11612 5403 249 9 1661 126 1535 13 1163 455 30 8 393 47 346 20 252 94 27 7 333 51 282 2 215 88 28 7 1963 14 1949 179 1509 256 19 8 1323 19 1304 5 961 342 15 8 28939 375 28544 1301 19349 7811 478 9 2 2007 8 8 18 :00 9 02 :00 10 min Fig. 2 Frequencies of CG lightning flashes every 10 min in central Shaanxi Province from 18 :00 on 8 to 02 :00 on 9 August 2007 2 8 18 :00 9 02 :00 1100 / 10min 22 :00 24 :00 10 min, 995 / 10min, (19 :00 21 :00), 194 344 / 10min 644 947 / 10min 20 : 30 232 / 10min, 6, 1 1 h 92. 1 mm, 9 02 :00 21 :00 1100 / 10 min 1, 21 :00 22 :00,, 3 3 21 :20 3. 1 1970 / 10min 22 : 20, F Y - 2C ( 3),

4 : 819 3 2007 8 8 9 F Y - 2C (a) 8 20 :00, (b) 8 22 :00, (c) 9 00 :00, (d) 9 02 :00 Fig. 3 F Y - 2C satellite cloud image on 8 9 August 2007. (a) at 20 :00 on 8, (b) at 22 :00 on 8, (c) at 00 :00 on 9, (d) at 02 :00 on 9 -, 4, TBB - 60, 10 h 2007 8 8 18 :00 19 :00,, TBB - 45, MCS 20 :00, N W SE 100 km 200 km -, TBB - 60 2 10 4 km 2, 21 :00 23 :00,, 300 km 310 km, TBB - 52,, TBB - 60 4 10 4 km 2, 9 00 : 00, MCS,, 400 km 360 km, TBB - 60, 9 01 :00, N E SW, TBB - 52, MCS 9 02 :00 04 :00,, 04 : 00 MCS,, MCS

8 20 28

4 : 821 TBB - 60 MCS, MCS (18 :00 22 :00), 66 %, 4154 / h V IL 45 50 ( 23 : 00 24 : 00), 30 %, 3891 / h ( 01 : 00 03 :00),, 4 %, 230 / h -,, TBB - 60 300 km 330 km, TBB - 60 3. 2 3. 2. 1,,,,, 8 18 :20 35 45 dbz,, 40 50 dbz 19 :30,, > 200 / 10min 55 dbz V IL 19 :52,, 50 60 dbz,, 600 / 10min 20 :03,, 50 60 dbz, 35 dbz, 20 :28, 50 60 dbz,, 1100 / 10min 21 :05 ( 4a) 50 60 dbz, 21 :23, 1970 / 10min, 35 dbz 22 :00 ( 4b),,, 50 60 dbz,, 1100 / 10min km,, 50 60 dbz,, 35 dbz, 3. 2. 2 V IL 8 19 : 14, V IL 50 55 kg/ m 2, kg/ m 2 20 :09, V IL 55 60 kg/ m 2, 20 :22 ( 5a) V IL 60 70 kg/ m 2, V IL 60 70 kg/ m 2, 21 :48 V IL, 22 :07 ( 5b), V IL 55 60 kg/ m 2, V IL, V IL,, V IL V IL, V IL,, V IL,,,, V IL,, V IL, 3. 2. 3 8 19 :00, 15 17 km,, 15 17 km,, 15 17 km, 21 :00 ( 6a), 17 18 km 22 : 00 ( 6b) 17 18 km, 22 :44,,,, > 300 / 10min,, 15 17, 15 km, 17 18 km,,,

8 22 28 4 4. 1 2007 8 8 20 : 00 500 hpa ( ),, 588 gp dm 108 E, 32 N,,,, 8 20 :00 700 hpa 12 m/ s, 10 m/ s ; 850 hpa 8 m/ s, 8 20 : 00 200 hpa, 42 N, 48 m/ s,,, [13-15 ],,,, 4. 2, ( 7) : 8 08 :00,, : 850 hpa, T - Td 3 ; 500 hpa, T - Td 44 ; se (500-850) = - 21, ; SI 0, () (),, ; K 19, 20 :00,, se (500-850) = - 8, K 37, SI - 2. 5,,, 850 500 hpa 4 10-3 / s, 9 08 :00, se (500-850) = 4, SI 1. 2, 850 hpa se, 8 20 :00 se 84 16 g/ kg, 4. 3, ( 8), 8 14 :00 17 :00, 80, 60,, 7 2007 8 8 08 :00 (a) 20 :00 (b) Fig. 7 Sounding in Xi an at 08 :00 (a) and 20 :00 (b) on 8 August 2007

4 : 823 20 : 00, 80, 76, 9 02 :00, 92,,, 68 24,,, 23 :00,,,

8 24 28 10 2007 8 8 (a) 21 :58, (b) 22 :00, 1. 5 Fig. 10 Radial velocity of radar echo with 1. 5 elevations on 8 August 2007, 4. 4 4. 4. 1, 8 20 :00 500 hpa, 700 hpa, 60 g/ cm/ hpa/ s 850 hpa ( 9a),,,, 20 60 g/ cm/ hpa/ s 80 100 g/ cm/ hpa/ s,, 8 20 :00, 700 hpa 0-1 10-7 g/ cm 2 / hpa/ s, 850 hpa ( 9b) - 4 10-7 g/ cm 2 / hpa/ s : 700 hpa, 850 hpa,, 850 hpa 11 2007 8 8 9 (VWP) Fig. 11 Vertical wind profile product in Xi an from 20 :46 to 23 :51 on 8 August 2007 [13-15 ],,, ( ),

4 : 825 4. 4. 2 8 20 :00, 8 20 :03, (700 hpa 850 hpa), 700 hpa ( 100 km ) 15 m/ s, 850 hpa ( 50 km ) 10 m/ s, 20 :00 15 m/ s, 700 hpa 20 :53 ( 10a) 700 hpa 10 m/ s, 850 hpa, 15 m/ s,, 21 : 23 700 hpa 10 m/ s, 850 hpa 15 m/ s,, 22 :00 ( 10b) 700 hpa, 10 m/ s, 850 hpa, 10 m/ s,, :, 850 hpa 850 hpa,,,,, 4. 5,, VWP 8 20 :46 ( 11), 12. 2 km, 24 m/ s,, 850 hpa 10 m/ s, 21 :05 22 :06, 850 hpa, 14 m/ s,, 22 :30 23 :57, 850 hpa 8 m/ s, 12. 2 km, 10 m/ s,,,,,,, [ 16 ] 5 (1),,,,, (2) -, TBB - 60, 300 km 330 km (3), 50 60 dbz, V IL 60 70 kg/ m 2, 15 17 km 35 dbz,,, (4),,,,,,,,,,, 850 hpa,, 850 hpa,,,,,,,,,

8 26 28 [J ]., 2007, 26 (4) : 774-782 [9 ],,,. [1 ],,,. [J ]., 2003, 22 (3) : 268-274 [2 ],,,. [J ]., 2003, 22 (3) : 295-300 [ 3 ],,. [J ]., 2006, 29 (2) : 228-234 [ 4 ],,,. [J ]., 1995, 14 (1) : 39-46 [5 ],,,. [J ]., 2006, 25 (2) : 220-228 [6 ],,,. [J ]., 2005, 33 (2) : 167-172 [7 ],,,. [J ]., 2007, 26 (2) : 257-263 [ 8 ],,. [J ]. (D ), 2007, 37 (1) : 123-132 [ 10 ],. [J ]., 2005, 63 (2) : 243-249 [ 11 ],,,. [J ]., 2006, 49 (2) : 367-374 [ 12 ],,,. [J ]., 2007, 65 (4) : 622-632 [ 13 ],. [J ]., 2005, 24 (2) : 232-239 [ 14 ],. 2002 6 8 [J ]., 2005, 16 (1) : 60-69 [ 15 ],. [J ]., 2005, 24 (2) : 247-250 [ 16 ],,,. [ M ]. :, 2006 : 93-108 Mesoscale Characteristics of a Super Thunderstorm Weather in Central Shaanxi Province and Its Cause Analysis L HO Hui 1, L IU Yong 2, FEN G Gui2li 3, WAN G Zhong2wen 4, MA Qi2ming 5, WU Lin2rong 2 (1. S haanx i Provincial Meteorological B ureau, X i an 710015, China; 2. S haanx i Meteorological Of f ice, X i an 710015, China; 3. S handong L i ghtning Protection Centre, J inan 250000, China; 4. B aoji Meteorological B ureau, B aoji 721006, China; 5. Meteorological S ounding Centre of China Meteorological A dministration, Beij ing 100081, China) Abstract : Based on t he data of Cloud2to2Ground ( CG) light ning, synoptic observation, radar echo, and satellite cloud image and so on, the main cause of one super thunderstorm in central Shaanxi Province on August 8 9, 2007 were summarized by means of dynamic and p hysical diagno stic analyses. The result s showed that lower2level eastern airflow from far2distance typ hoon played very important role in producing heavy rainstorm and severe t hunderstorm. It p rovided more water vapor and energy when t he lower2level eastern airflow arrived in central Shaanxi Province. The developing period of meso2 scale convective cloud cluster corresponded to t he active period of CG lightning. Most of CG light ning flashes occurred in cloud region wit h TBB - 60. In t his super t hunderstorm, t he strong radar echo was up to 50 60 dbz, V IL up to 60 70 kg/ m 2 and cloud top height up to 15 17 km. There was some correlation between CG light2 ning activity and water vapor flux in low2level convective convergence zone. Less t he supplement of water vapor in t he lower2level convergence zone was, more favorable CG light ning flashes occur. Key words : Central Shaanxi ; Super t hunderstorm weat her ; Meso2 scale convective cloud cluster