10 2 2 0 1 4 4 South China Fisheries Science Vol. 10, No. 2 Apr., 2014 doi: 10. 3969/ j. issn. 2095-0780. 2014. 02. 001,,,, (,, 415000) :,, 2010 11 2012 12 82 ( 1, 2 ), 7 18 52, 48. 78%, 52 73 77,,, ( Carassius auratus) ( Cyprinus carpio) ( Hemiculter leucisculus) ( Culter alburnus) ( C. mongolicus) ( Saurogobio dabryi) ( Silurus asotus) ( Pelteobagrus fulvidraco),, : ; ; ; ; : S 922. 5 : A : 2095-0780 - ( 2014) 02-0001 - 10 Survey on status of fish resources in mainstream of Zijiang River of Dongting Lake water system LIU Liangguo, WANG Wenbin, YANG Chunying, LUO Yushuang, YANG Pinhong ( Key Lab. of Zoology in Hunan Higher Education, College of Life Science, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, China) Abstract: As one of the important branches in Dongting Lake water system, Zijiang River is important in maintaining or making up for the fish resources of Dongting Lake and even Yangtze River. We conducted a survey on the present status of fishery resources in Zijiang River during November, 2010 to December, 2012, having collected 82 fish species which belong to 7 orders, 18 families and 52 genera. Cyprinids were dominant, accounting for 48. 78% of the total species. The numbers of species found in the upstream, midstream and downstream were 52, 73 and 77, respectively; the fish communities in the upper section were highly similar to those in the middle and lower sections, and those in the middle and lower sections were extremely similar. The fish communities in Zijiang River were diversified in migratory, feeding and perching habit. Despite the catch compositions in various sections were different, the main species were lake-settlement fishes such as Carassius auratus, Cyprinus carpio, Hemiculter leucisculus, Culter alburnus, C. mongolicus, Saurogobio dabryi, Silurus asotus and Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, etc. ; the ratio of migratory species such as four major Chinese carps was extremely low, and the commercial fishes showed significant miniaturization. Key words: Dongting Lake water system; Zijiang River; fish resources; species diversity; ecological type,,, : 2013-10-08; : 2013-11-13 : ( 30972260) ; ( 13 K103) ; ( BSQD1003) : ( 1969 - ),,, E-mail: liuliangguo@ foxmail. com
2 10, ;,, ;,, 653 km, 28 038 km 2, 26 738 10 4 km 2[ 1 ],, 1 200 1 800 mm,,,,, [ 2-5 ],,, 20 70, 1, Fig. 1 Sampling stations of fish resources in Zijiang River [ 6] 1980 160, ( [ 7] 2004 2005, ) [ 14 ] ( ) [ 15 ] [ 16] [ 1 7],, [ 8-9 ] 30, Jaccard ( q) [ 1 0-12 ],, q = c /( a + b - c),,, b, c 2 q 0 1 2010 11 2012 12, ( [ 1 8] ) ( ) ( ), 2 15, 3, 8, 4 ( 1) 2. 1 [ 1 3], 82, 7, 18 52 ( ), ( 1 48, 200 mm 120 mm 80 mm 40 mm 20 mm), ( 20 mm 10 mm) a 0. 25 ; 0. 25 0. 50 ; 0. 50 0. 75 ; 0. 75 1. 00 Microsoft Excel 2007 58. 54%, 17 20. 73% 13 15. 85%, 1,, 10%, 40, 48. 78%,
2 : 3 1 Tab. 1 Species composition of fishes in Zijiang River order family genus species Acipenseriformes 1 1 1 Clupeiformes 1 1 1 Cypriniformes 2 32 48 Siluriformes 6 9 17 Beloniformes 1 1 1 Synbranchiformes 1 1 1 Perciformes 6 7 13 total 18 52 82 2 Tab. 2 Number of species and similarity coefficient of fish communities in three sampling sections in Zijiang River sampling section upstream midstream downstream specie number 52 73 77 upstream 0. 67 0. 61 midstream 50 0. 85 downstream 49 69 : Jaccard, Note: accard similarity coefficient of species and number of common species are indicated above and below the diagonal line, respectively. ( 11, 13. 41% ) ( 8, 9. 76% ) ( ), 8, 9. 76 % ( ) [ 14 ], 4) [ 6 ] [ 8-9, 19-22 ], ( Liobagrus styani) ( Glyptothorax sinen- [ 23 ], sis) 2 ( ), 2. 44% 1 ( Pseudobagrus), 5) ( Cyprinus carpio var. mirror) ( Ictalurus punctatus) 2 ( ), 2. 44% [ 24 ],, 5 : 1) Jaccard 3 ( ( 2), ) ( 46. 34% ), 38, 2) 0. 75),,, 2. 3,,,,, ( ), 32, 39. 02 % ( Cobitis sinensis) ( Acipenser sinensis) 2 2. 2, 52 73 77 ( 0. 50) ; ( ( ), 3) [ 1 2, 25 ], 4 : 1)
4 10 1 ; 2) ( ) ( Mylopharyngodon piceus) ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus) ( Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) ( Aristichthys nobilis) ( Xenocypris microlepis) ( X. argentea) ( Pseudobrama simoni) ( Elopichthys bambusa) ( Squaliobar- bus curriculus) ( Parabramis pekinensis) 10, 12. 20% ; 3) 3 ( Pseudorasbora parva) ( Acrossochei- lus hemispinus cinctus) ( A. jishouensis) ( Parasinilabeo assimilis) ( Opsariichthys bidens) ( Zacco platypus),, ( Leptobotia guilinensis) 82, 7 18 52, ( L. tientaiensis hansuiensis) ( Clarias fuscus) ( Hemibagrus macropterus) ( Rhinogobius giurinus) 12, 14. 63% ; 4), 108, ( Megalobrama amblycephala) ( 189 ) [ 23] 57. 14% 108 59, 71. 95%, ( Ochetobius elongatus) ( Luciobrama mac- 3 rocephalus) ( M. terminalis ) 7 ( X. davidi) ( Distoechodon tumirostris), 8. 54% ; ( Hemibarbus maculatus ) ( Monopterus albus) ( Coreius heterodon) ( Gobiobotia filifer) 34, 41. 46% ; 41, ( Spinibarbus sinensis) ( A. labiatus) 50. 00% ( A. parallens) ( Onychostoma si-, ma) ( brevifilis brevifilis) ( Sinila- 3 beo tungting) ( Rectoris luxiensis), 39, 47. 56% ; ( Coilia brachygnathus) ( Squalidus argentatus) ( Vanmanenia pinchowensis), 28, 34. 15% ; 15, ( S. cochinchinensis), ( Liobagrus 18. 29% 2. 4 ( ) ( ) ( ) 78,, 332. 28 kg,, (, 71. 95% ),, ( 3),,,,, 3. 1 1 2, 82, 48. 78% 2007 [ 7], 26, ( H. labeo ) ( S. kiangsiensis ) ( Acheilognathu chankaensis) ( Noemacheilus fasciolatus) ( Paramisgurnus dabryanus), ( P. ondan), ( S. gilberti) marginatoides), ( R. cliffordpopei), ( Mastacembelus armatus) ; ( 14. 63% ),
2 : 5 3 Tab. 3 Composition of catches in Xinshao, Anhua and Taojiang sections of Zijiang River section species / g weight / % / g / % percentage average body percentage number of weight weight of number Xinshao ( Cyprinus carpio) 12 519 12. 84 380. 24 33 1. 68 ( Carassius auratus) 11 759 12. 06 46. 86 251 12. 82 ( Hemiculter leucisculus) 11 047 11. 33 17. 65 626 31. 98 ( Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) 10 696 10. 97 41. 26 259 13. 25 ( Silurus asotus) 9 848 10. 10 130. 33 76 3. 86 ( Squaliobarbus curriculus) 9 029 9. 26 168. 55 54 2. 74 ( Saurogobio dabryi) 7 430 7. 62 30. 76 242 12. 34 ( Mystus macropterus) 6 425 6. 59 132. 20 49 2. 48 ( Cultrichthys erythropterus) 4 817 4. 94 125. 50 38 1. 96 ( Cobitis sinensis) 4 105 4. 21 17. 12 240 12. 25 other species 9 828 10. 08 90 4. 61 Anhua ( C. auratus) 12 447 11. 62 47. 15 264 12. 46 ( C. carpio) 11 815 11. 03 390. 15 30 1. 43 ( Culter mongolicus) 10 841 10. 12 169. 65 64 3. 02 ( H. leucisculus) 10 594 9. 89 17. 76 597 28. 15 ( P. fulvidraco) 9 641 9. 00 45. 00 214 10. 11 ( S. asotus) 8 698 8. 12 145. 50 60 2. 82 ( Odontobutis obscurus) 6 931 6. 47 58. 50 118 5. 59 ( Siniperca scherzeri) 5 592 5. 22 100. 25 56 2. 63 ( Acrossocheilus hemispinus cinctus) 4 520 4. 22 95. 50 47 2. 23 ( Rhinogobius giurinus) 3 942 3. 68 8. 50 464 21. 89 other species 22 099 20. 63 205 9. 66 Taojiang ( C. auratus) 14 068 11. 02 48. 88 288 14. 12 ( C. carpio) 13 226 10. 36 400. 12 33 1. 62 ( C. mongolicus) 12 332 9. 66 175. 25 70 3. 45 ( S. curriculus) 11 311 8. 86 175. 00 65 3. 17 ( H. leucisculus) 11 183 8. 76 17. 75 630 30. 90 ( C. alburnus) 9 855 7. 72 375. 00 26 1. 29 ( P. fulvidraco) 8 962 7. 02 45. 25 198 9. 71 ( S. asotus) 8 477 6. 64 150. 00 57 2. 77 ( S. dabryi) 6 115 4. 79 31. 50 194 9. 52 ( Parabotia fasciata) 4 902 3. 84 20. 45 240 11. 76 other species 27 230 21. 33 239 11. 71
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8 10 : Appendix: Taxa, ecological type and distribution of fishes in upstream, midstream and downstream in Zijiang River ACIPENSERIFORMES Acipenseridae taxa ecological type upstream distribution area midstream downstream 1 ( Acipenser sinensis) RS, C, De + CLUPEIFORME Engmulidae 2 ( Coilia brachygnathus) SE, O, U + + CYPRINIFORMES Cyprinidae Leuciscinae 3 ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus) RL, H, L + + + 4 ( Mylopharyngodon piceus) RL, C, De + + + 5 ( Squaliobarbus curriculus) RL, O, U + + + 6 ( Elopichthys bambusa) RL, C, U + + + Cultrinae 7 ( Hemiculter leucisculus) SE, O, U + + + 8 ( H. tchangi) SE, O, U + + 9 ( H. bleekeri) SE, O, U + + + 10 ( Pseudolaubuca sinensis) SE, O, U + + + 11 ( Cultrichthys erythropterus) SE, C, U + + + 12 ( Parabramis pekinensis) RL, H, L + + + 13 ( Megalobrama amblycephala) SE, H, L + + + 14 ( Culter alburnus) SE, C, U + + + 15 ( C. dabryi dabryi) SE, C, U + + + 16 ( C. mongolicus) SE, C, U + + + 17 (. oxycephaloides) C SE, C, U + + Xenocyprininae 18 ( Xenocypris microlepis) RL, H, L + + + 19 ( X. argentea) RL, H, L + + 20 ( Pseudobrama simoni) RL, H, L + + + Hypophthalmichthyinae 21 ( Aristichthys nobilis) RL, C, U + + + 22 ( Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) RL, H, U + + + Gobioninae 23 ( Hemibarbus maculatus) SE, C, De + + + 24 ( Sarcocheilichthys sinensis sinensis) SE, O, L + + + 25 ( S. nigripinnis) SE, O, L + + + 26 ( Pseudorasbora parva) MS, O, L + + + 27 ( Abbottina rivularis) SE, O, De + + + 28 ( Saurogobio dabryi) SE, O, De + + + 29 ( Squalidus argentatus) SE, O, L + + +
2 : 9 ( to be continued) Acheilognathinae taxa ecological type upstream distribution area midstream downstream 30 ( Rhodeus ocellatus) SE, O, U + + 31 ( R. lighti) SE, O, U + + 32 ( Acheilognathus macropterus) SE, O, U + + + 33 ( A. polylepis) SE, O, U + 34 ( A. tonkinensis) SE, O, U + Barbinae 35 ( Acrossocheilus hemispinus cinctus) MS, O, L + + + 36 ( A. jishouensis sp. nov. ) MS, O, L + Labeoninae 37 ( Parasinilabeo assimilis) MS, O, De + Cyprininae 38 ( Cyprinus carpio) SE, O, De + + + 39 * ( Cyprinus carpio var. mirror) SE, O, De + + 40 ( Carassius auratus) SE, O, De + + + Danioninae 41 ( Opsariichthys bidens) MS, C, U + + + 42 ( Zacco platypus) MS, C, U + + + ( Cobitidae) 43 ( Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) SE, O, De + + + 44 ( Cobitis sinensis) MS, O, De + + + 45 ( Parabotia banarescui) SE, O, De + + 46 (. fasciolata) P SE, O, De + + 47 ( Parabotia sp. ) SE, O, De + + 48 ( P. lijiangensis) SE, O, De + + 49 ( Leptobotia guilinensis) MS, O, De + + 50 ( L. tientaiensis hansuiensis) MS, O, De + SILURIFORMES Siluridae 51 ( Silurus asotus) SE, C, L + + + 52 ( S. meridionalis) SE, C, L + + + Clariidae 53 ( Clarias fuscus) MS, C, L + + + Bagridae 54 ( Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) SE, O, De + + + 55 ( Pelteobagrus vachelli) SE, O, De + + + 56 ( Pelteobagrus nitidus) SE, O, De + + + 57 ( Pelteobagrus eupogon) SE, O, De + + + 58 ( Leiocassis crassilabris) SE, C, De + + + 59 ( L. longirostris) SE, C, De +
10 10 ( to be continued) taxa ecological type upstream distribution area midstream downstream 60 ( Pseudobagrus ussuriensis) SE, O, De + + + 61 (. tenuis) P SE, O, De + + 62 (. pratti) P SE, O, De + + 63 ( Pseudobagrus sp. ) SE, O, De + 64 ( Hemibagrus macropterus) MS, O, De + + + Ictaluridae 65 * ( Ictalurus punctatus) SE, C, De + + Amblycipitidae 66 ( Liobagrus styani) SE, O, De + + Sisoridae 67 ( Glyptothorax sinensis) SE, C, De + + BELONIFORMES Hemirhamphidae 68 ( Hemirhamphus kurumeus) SE, C, U + + SYMBRANCHIFORMES Symbranchidae 69 ( Monopterus albus) SE, C, De + + + PERCIFORMES Ophiocephalidae 70 ( Channa argus) SE, C, De + + + 71 ( C. maculata) SE, C, De + + 72 ( C. asiatica) SE, C, De + Serranidae 73 ( Siniperca chuatsi) SE, C, U + + + 74 ( S. kneri) SE, C, U + + + 75 ( S. scherzeri) SE, C, U + + 76 ( S. loona) SE, C, U + + Belontiidae 77 ( Macropodus opercularis) SE, C, U + 78 (. chinensis) M SE, C, U + Eleotridae 79 ( Odontobutis sinensis) SE, C, De + + + 80 ( Hypseleotris swinhonis) SE, C, De + + Gobiidae 81 ( Rhinogobius giurinus) MS, C, De + + + Mastacembelidae 82 ( Mastacembelus aculeatus) SE, C, De + + + ( ) total( species number) 52 73 77 : *. ; RS. ; RL. ; SE. ; MS. ; H. ; C. ; O. ; U. ; L. ; De. Note: *. introduced species; RS. river-sea migratory ; RL. river-lake migratory ; SE. sedentary ; MS. mountain stream; H. herbivore ; C. carnivore ; O. omnivore ; U. upper ; L. lower ; De. demersa