82 2003 9 3 (,200433) [ ] ;;; [ ], 10 %220 %,,,,,,,, [] K25 ;R18 [] A [] 058320214 (2003) 0920082213 Plague and Death Tolls in Peace Time :An Example from Modern Guangdong and Fujian L I Yu2shang ( Historical Geography Research Centre, Fudan U niversity, S hanghai 200433, China) Key Words :peacetime ;plague ;epidemic pattern ;death tolls Abstract :Death tolls of the plague in cities of Guangdong province were greater than that in cities of Fujian province. The most serious death toll reached 10220 % of the total population. The plague made a periodic appearance both in time and in areas of the regions. Big cities played a leading role in spreading the plague,which was different from the situation in Europe in the Middle Ages. It is obvious that different social structure and condition affect the epidemics and death tolls in different ways,and the transition of modern China is also an ecological transformation.,, 1347,, 1/ 321/ 2 1351,,,134821427, 8 1450,, [1 ] (p122), [2 ] (p1622163) [3 ] (p1832192), [4 ][5 ] (p47248),,,,, 1 000 [4 ],, 600 [5 ] (p47248) 20 50,, 70 %, 150 [6 ], 70 %,,,, ( ),, 2 % [7 ] 3 ( 01JB770009)
83,,, ;,,?,,, [8 ],,,,, [7 ],,,,,,,,,20 50,,,,,,, [9 ] (p1469),,,,,,,, [9 ] (p936),,,,1867 1925, 4 25, 1880, 150,188221885, (J H Lowry) 24 :1882 ( ),, 188221884 5 000 2,,, 25 000,,188221884 20 %,1910,1 000 ; 1912,,200 [9 ] (p1489),, :,,,,,:,,,, [10 ],, 1880 1924,9,, : 18219 ; Carol Benedict,Bubonic Plague in Nineteen2Century of China, Modern China ( April ), 1988. Carol Benedict : B ubonic Plague in Nineteen2Century of China, Standford University Press,1996 Customs Medical Reports,No. 24, P31,:,1989,184,,,,,,,,,, 1, 2,5 : 18,2001
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,,, 76, [9 ] (p956),, 1896,, [9 ] (p1241),,, [9 ] (p1377),,,,, 1924 1941 1943 1946 4, 360 [9 ] (p1415),, 1942 1944 1946,8 1942, 1944 1946, [9 ] (p1438) 1904,1951,44, 19. 8 %,,,, [9 ] (p1385),,,, 1900,, [9 ] (p1371),, [9 ] (p940), [9 ] (p1368),1899,,,, 1884,,,, [9 ] (p969), [9 ] (p940), 2.,,,,,,,,,,,, [25 ],, (),,,,80,,,, [26 ],,,,, 8 000210 000,,,,,,,,,,, 1910,1 000,,, 91
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