21
, ;, 4 ( 1) :, ( 2) :,,,, ( 3) :, ( 4) :, ;,,, ( CIP) / ;. : ;, 2004 10 ( 21 ) ISBN 7-81082 - 425-2 - - : F713 50 - CIP ( 2004) 097146 : : : 100084 : 010-62776969 : 100044 : 010-51686045, 62237564 : : : 185 230 : 12 25 : 272 : 2004 10 1 2004 10 1 : ISBN 7-81082 - 425-2 /F 72 : 1 4 000 : 18 00
21,,,, ;,, 9, 4,,, 5 6 7 8 9 ; 1 2 3 4,,,,,,, 2004 10
1 ( 1) 1 1 ( 1) 1 2 ( 1) 1-1 ( 1) 1 3 ( 6) 1-2, ( 6) 1-3 ( 10) 1 4 ( 12) 1-4 ( 12) 2 ( 17) 2 1 ( 17) 2 2 ( 18) 2-1 PPA ( 18) 2 3 ( 23) 2-2 : ( 23) 2-3 ( 36) 2 4 ( 39) 2-4, ( 39) 3 ( 42) 3 1 ( 42) 3 2 ( 42) 3-1 ( 42) 3 3 ( 46) 3-2 - : ( 46) 3-3 :, ( 51) 3 4 ( 54)
3-4 ( 54) 4 ( 58) 4 1 ( 58) 4 2 ( 59) 4-1 4 3 ( 66) 4-2 ( 66) 4-3 : ( 70) 4-4 ( 73) 4 4 ( 77) 4-5 ( 77) 4-6 ( 79) ( 59) 5 ( 83) 5 1 ( 83) 5 2 ( 83) 5-1 : ( 83) 5 3 ( 89) 5-2 ( 89) 5-3 ( 94) 5 4 ( 98) 5-4 MOTO: ( 98) 6 ( 107) 6 1 ( 107) 6 2 ( 107) 6-1 ( 107) 6 3 ( 114) 6-2 ( 114) 6-3 ( 118) 6 4 ( 122) 6-4 ( 122)
7 ( 127) 7 1 ( 127) 7 2 ( 128) 7-1 ( 128) 7 3 ( 131) 7-2 ( 131) 7-3 ( 136) 7 4 ( 138) 7-4 SOLO: ( 138) 8 ( 142) 8 1 ( 142) 8 2 ( 143) 8-1 ( 143) 8 3 ( 147) 8-2 ( 147) 8-3 ( 152) 8 4 ( 158) 8-4 2002 ( 158) 9 ( 166) 9 1 ( 166) 9 2 ( 166) 9-1 ( 166) 9 3 ( 169) 9-2 ( 169) 9-3 ( 176) 9 4 ( 182) 9-4 : ( 182)
1 1,, :, ;,,,,, ;,,,,,,, 1 2 1-1 1999 4 30, 8 000 ( Camden), 3 000,
2,, 2003,, 100 000, 25%, 40%, 3%, 2004, Acer, 10 10,, OEM,, OEM,, Magic Chef,,,,,,, 20 60,,,,,,,, ( GE) ( Whirlpool) Maytag,,,? 1 1 ) 1998 1999 4 718 6 081, 1 700 3 100, 28,, 180 L, 30%, 2002 50% ;,
1 3,, 2 ), 200 L GE ; 160 L, GE,,,, :,, GE, ;,,, 2 1 ) 60 L 160 L,,,,,,,,,, BCD - 275,,, 7, 400, P C Richard&Son Best Buy, 2004 10, 2004, 12 2005 10,,?,,
4 ;,,,, GE,,,,, 50%,, A,, 2003, 20 90,,,,,, 1997,,,, 18,,, 100,, 2 ),, 2 7 115, 14 3 350, 50,, ;, 1999 4 30,, 44 5, 6 2 7, 2000 3, 50,, 50%,,
1 5 3 ), Haier,, DVD, : 1-888 - 76HAIER, :,,,,, 2004 3, 1 450,,, 4 000, 230,,, ; 2003 3, 2003, ( ), BestBuy,, 3 Maytag,, 2003 10,,, 13 18, 100 2003, 1998 191 720,,,,, 2003 10
6 ( 1 )? ( 2 )? : 1 3 1-2,, 8, 3 1996 4, 1997, 5 16, 32,,,,, 25, 2 5, 520 1999, 3 42 135 16, 20 % 70 % 40%, 10, 1997, 3, 30% 23%,, 50 1992,,,,,,,,, 1995, 8, 5%, 4, ; 47, 10 8,
1 7 :, 4, 1995, 2 100, 1, 1996,, 6 000, 3, 8 20 1997,,,, 1998 2,, 5 4 120, 60%,, 2 10, 8 8 9 1993, 2 ;,,?,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1993,,,,,,,,,,, 300, 1 000, 3 000,,,,,,
8 1999 10, 8, 8 1, 50%, 50%, 1997, :,,,,,,,,,,, 1997, 3,,,,,?,, 5,,,,,,,,, 1997 ;,, 3, 1996 3,,,, 3,,,,,,, 1997 6, 30,,
1 9,,,,,, ( ), 200,, 2 20 6 90, 200 /, 300 1999,, 500, ;,,,,, ( 400 ) 40, 2 5 3,,,,,,,,, 20, 300, 5 40 9 200, 280, 2,, ;,,, ( 1 )??
10 ( 2 )?? ( 3 ),? ( 4 ),? ( 5 )? ( 6 ),??,? :, :, 2001 1-3,, 1904 ;,,,,,,,,, 1904 22,,, S,,,,, 1903,,,, 2,,, 1910,,,
1 11,,,,, 1930, ; 1945,,, 5 000 50,,, 1963 1 83, 1 1 1904 1963, 60 4,,,,,, 1 5, 3, 3 70, 1 4,,,,,,, 100,,, : ;,,,,, 4, 14,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,
12,,,,, 1962 1963 :, ;,,, 1962,,,, :,,,,, ( 1 )?? ( 2 )? ( 3),??? 1 4 1-4, 106 22, 27 51, 423, 127 27 20,, 1997
( ), 1 13 1999, 2001 8, 1915,, 3,,,,,,,, 1985 1994, 10, 11 5, 9, 10, 100, 1 000 2 000 1996, 4, ( ), 22 1996 7,, ( ),, 2 ( ) ; 3 ; 4 68, 40, 4 000, 4 000, 15, 11, 3, 1 000, ( ), 3 1915, 14,,,, 1950, 3 ; 1951, 3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
14,, ; 43% ( V / V) 38% ( V /V) 33% ( V / V),,,,,,,, 1994, GB/ T 19002 - ISO9002, ; 1995, 80, 1951 1997, 10 15, 75 4 000, 1992 1995 4, 8, 6, 2 000 1996, 4 365, 5 3, 2 9, 1 000,,,,,,, 3 ( 1 ), 1915,,,,,,, :,,,,,, ( 2 ) 20, 5 000 ; 5,,,,,,,,,,, ( 3 ) 20 80,,,,
1 15, 20 80, 90 ISO9000,,, ;,,,, 1997,,,,,,,, ;,,,,, 1998, 1 7, 33%,,?,,, :,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,, 10,,,,, ( ), 4 41, 8 16,,,,, 1984,, : 20 80,,,, ; 90
16,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :, ;,,, ;, ;,,, ;,,,, :,,, ;,,,, :,,,, 3M, 1996, 800 1997, 780 ; 1998, 600,, :,, ;, ;,, ; ;, ( 1 )?? ( 2 )?? ( 3 ),? ( 4 ),,? :, :, 2001
2 1,, :, ;, SWOT PPA,,,,,, :,,,,,,,
18 2 2 2-1 PPA,,, 2000 11 16, PPA,, 15, PPA PPA? PPA,,, 20, PPA : PPA!,? 2000 10 19, : PPA, ;, PPA,, 5, PPA ( ) PPA,,, PPA,,,, 2 100 18 19, 1 /3, 4% PPA,, PPA,,,, PPA ;,, PPA,,
, 2 19 40 50 PPA,, PPA, :, PPA 2 100, 702, 5,, PPA, 50%, PPA, 23 %, PPA ( ), 16, 2000 11 6, PPA, PPA,, ( 1 ),,, PPA!,,, PPA, PPA,,, : 50,,,,, PPA,, 2000 10 20 PPA,, PPA,, PPA, PPA,, PPA ;, : PPA,,,, ( 2 ),,, ;
20,,,, 53 PPA 2000 11 9 ( 3 ), 2000 11 10, PPA,, PPA, PPA,, 14 PPA, PPA 100 mg, PPA ( 4 ),,, 65 ( PPA) 2000 11 7,,,, PPA,,, PPA ( 5 ) 2000 11 10 PPA,, PPA, ( 6 ) 2000 11 11, PPA 47, 2000 11 16,, PPA, PPA,,, PPA, PPA, PPA ( ) (
2 21 ),,, ) SDA (??, : SDA,,,, PPA :,,,,,,?,,,,,,,, PPA,,,,, 6,,, 999,, ; PPA,, 2000,, 20, PPA, 2000 11 16,, PPA,,
22,,,, ;,, ;, ;,, 10, 10 16, :,,, ;, ; 16,, 16,,, PPA, PPA 17, :??? 17,,,,,,,,, 50,,, 18,,,,,, 21, 15,, 20,,,,, PPA,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,, PPA,
2 23 PPA,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,, ( 1 )?? ( 2 ) PPA? ( 3 ) PPA? ( 4 ) :? ( 5 ) PPA?,? ( 6 ),,? :.. :, 2001 2 3 2-2 : ( Business Weekly) 2003 100, 8 ( Samsung)
24 3 4, 2002 83 2003 108, 31%, 25,, 5 ( 20 ) 6, OEM, 1. 1938,,, 1969 ( Samsung Electronics),,, ( OEM) 20,, OEM,, 20 80,, Samsung,,,, 20 90 :,,, 30 000, 6 000 Samsung, 2. 1997,,,,, 16,,
2 25,,, 1998, 170, OEM OEM,, 1. :,, 10 15 ;, 1993,,,,, 1992,,,, 2.,,,, : 21,,,, 1998 1 /2, ;,, ( 1 ),, ( ), ;, 15,, 150,, 6 ( 6 ),
26 2001, 6 680, 2002, 750, 1 /3 ( 2 ),,, 1999, :,,,,,,, 75 000 30 000,,,, 1999 12, 2000 17, ( 3 ) 2002,,, 4,,,,, 3, 3,,,,,, : 3 6,,, 2001,, ( 4 ), 9 500, 4 500, 307, 700 1996, CDMA, ANYCALL CDMA ; 1997, ;,
2 27,, 2001, 1 450,, 5 10, 1 2,,,,,,,, 2002, 5, IBM NEC Micron, Matsus hita ( 5 ),,,,, :,,, : PDA Nexio, 3, 17,, Zipel, 15,,,,, 10%, CDMA, 26%, 3 3 DVD,,, :,,,,
28 1996,,,, ;, ; Interbrand Jan Lindemann :,, CEO,, 1.,, 10,, MP3,, : Kmart, Circuit City Best Buy CompUSA Radio Shack 2. 20,,,, :, DVD,, 3,,
2 29 17 ( TFT - LCD ) 5, 12,, DVD MP3 CDMA,,,, 2002,,, Vaio DELL,, : 160,, NEXiO, 5, Windows NEXiO 2003 5 000,, Tab let PC NEXiO 3. High,, ( 1 ) TOP TOP, 1985 TOP, The Olympic Plan TOP,,, 200, TOP TOP :,,,, TOP, 10 4,, :, 1997 4 TOP, TOP : 1998
30 2000 2002 2004 2006, 8, 2008 29 TOP,,, ( 2) 2 1,,,,,,, 30 7 200, 20,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 5% ( 3 4 ) 2002, 24 1.,,, e 1993,,,
2 31 ;,, IBM,, IDEA ( 1998, 18 IDEA, 1, 2. ) IF G - Mark3, ;, : SAMSUNG DIGITAL:, everyone's invited ( ) 2,,,, :,,, 3. 55, FCB ( 5 ) FCB,,,,,, ( Snow Woman),,,,, 4.,,, 500,,
32,,, ;,,,,,, -, 2002 -,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,, IBM,,, CEO, CEO, : 2005, 20 90 CCTV 3 15,,,,, 1998, :, ;, ;,, 1.,,,,,,
2 33 23, 7,, : ( 1 ) ; ( 2 ) ( PDP, ) ; ( 3 ) ; ( 4 ) ; ( 5 ) 2002 8, 1 24 4 1 1 38 000, 23 2002, CEO,, : 2005, 140 ; ( ) 3 ; 2002 3, 2001 ( ) ( ),,, 2.,,,, GPS CDMA,, 10,,,,,,,, :,,, 1998
34 1997 1 ; 1 /3,, 210 300, 1999,, 2000, 17,, 3.,,,, ( 1 ) 2001, SGH - A288,,, ( 2 ) 2002,, 1 29, 19 8, DVD ROM ( 3) 2003, CDMA SCH - A599, ( 4 ) 2003 9, AV, 63 40 3,, ( 5 ), ( 6 ), LOGO,,,,,, ( 7 ),,, : ( 8 ) N C ( 9 ) IT,,,,,,,, N C 2002,
5 20 %, 2 35 5% 4., ;, ; ;, :,,, Samsung ( 20 % ),,,,,,, MP3,,,,,,, MP3 YEPP : YEPP, ( Young) ( Energet ic) ( Personal) ( Passionate), 4,,,,, 2002 338 6, 1998 166 4 1 1998 25 7 2002 60 3 CDMA,,, 20 30,,,
36,,,,, ;, OEM; made in korea made in china,,, OEM ;,, ;,,,, ( 1 )? ( 2 )?? ( 3 ),? ( 4 ),? :. :., 2004 ( 2 ) 2-3,,,,?, 33 :,,,, 2003 1 27,,
2 37, : 61%, 6 19 15 %, ; 2002,, 175, 3,, 2 18,, 2004 ( ), : : 3,? 1985 4, 99,,, ( ),,,,,,, 2004, :,,,,, ( FDA),,, :,,, 13% 2003, 2%, 27% 2002,,,,, 0
38, :, :,,,,,,,,,,,, 83% ; 1995,,,,,, CEO :,, ; :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,? 2002 9 3,, 50%, 3 4 1 8, 16% 17% ;
2 39,,, 97%,,,, :,,,,, ;,,, ;,,,,,,,? ( 1 ),? ( 2 ),,? ( 3 ),,? ( 4 ),,? :.., 2003-3 - 3 2 4 2-4,, 65 7%, (
40 60 10% ) 2001 2 28, 60 6 06, 2050 20, 80 4, 100 320 2000,, 65 6 96 %,,, 7%,,, 14%, 8 65%, 13% ;,,,,, 21,,,, 2 000, 2005 4 000,, 2 500,,,,,, ;,,,,,, ( ) (, ) ( ) ( ),,,,,,, ( 1 ) :,,,, ;,, ;,,,,,, ( 2 ) :,,,,
, ( 3 ) :,, 2 41,, ;, ;,, ( 4 ) :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( 1 ),? ( 2 ),? ( 3 )? ( 4 )??? ( 5 ),? :.. :, 2003
3 1, 3 :, ;, ;,,,,,, - :,,, ; :,,,,,, : 3 2 3-1,,,
, 3 43,,,,,, 2000,, 32 89%,,, ( ),,,,,? 4 1987, ;,,,, 1988,,,,,,,,,, ;,, 1 80%, : 5% 10%,, 12,,,,, 30% 40 %,,, 50 % 59%,, 60%,,,,,,, ;,,,,
44,,, :,,,,,, ;,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,, :,,,, ;,,, :!,,,,
, 3 45, 1 88,,, 20,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1988,,, :, ( 1),,,,,, ;,,, ;,,,,,
46 ( 2 ),,,,, ( 3 ),,, 1996,,, ;,,,,,, ( 1 )? ( 2 )? ( 3 )? ( 4 )? ( 5 )? : :, 2001 3 3 3-2 - :, - 2003 -,, -
3 47,,, -, -,, 2001, 23 4, 30 36, 2001, 1901, ( MILWAUKEE WISCONSIN), 21 20, 2, 150 1906,,,,, - ;,, -,,,,,,,, 1920,, 67,, 30,,,, 20,,,, 20 60,,, 1969 ( AMF), AMF,,,, 13 AMF,, 1981 2 26, 6 16,, 1983, ( HOG),, 1989, HOG 90 000
48, 1993 90, HOG 200 000, 90 10, 18, 150,, 2,, 105 104, 0, 2001, 115 2002 7,, 14, 10,, 2003 8, 20 2003 100,,,,, 1, -,, ;,,,, FALSTN, FATBOY,,,, ;,,,, -,,,,,, ( 100 ), F4 MBA,,,,,
3 49 2,, ;,, ;,,,,,,,,,,, ;,, CAD,,,, 3,,,,,,,,,,, 15 000 20 000, 20 ROAD KING 25 000, 30 000 40 000,,,,,,,,,,,
50,,,, -,,, -,,,,,, - -,, -,,,,,,,,,,,,, 20 80,,,,, 30 40, 70 000, 10 % 20 90,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,?
3 51,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1,,,,, - ( 1 ),? ( 2 )? ( 3 )? :. - :., 2003-06 - 12 3-3 :, 2001,,, 2001,,,,
52 2001 ( NCS 2001 ) 39 0%,, 2001 3 2000 4 ;, 1 2 3 2000 0 4 1,,?,,,,,, 4 :, CRn ( ) 4 ( CR4 ) 57 2%, 8 ( CR8) 76 8%, 2001 30%,, 12 %,, 10 %, 10,,, ;,, CRn,, H,,, H 1 / n;,, H 1;, H 0,, H, 2001 H 0 12, 1,,,,,,,,,, CR4 80%, H, 0 12 0 3;,,, :,,,,,
3 53,,,,,,,?,, 78 2%,,, 5,, 4 55 ;,,, 10,, 7 17 ; 6 57,,,,,,,,,,, 20 29 ;, 14 19 ; 20 29, ; 40 ; 14 19 ;, 20 29, 40 49 ;, ; 750 ml,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,
54,,,,,,, ( 1 )?? ( 2 ),,? ( 3 )? ( 4 ) :. :,., 2002 ( 3 ) 3 4 3-4 2001 4 5 29, 3, 2, 600, 3, 1.,,, 3,, 2. ( 1 ), 7
3 55, 1, 2 ( 2 ), 60 3 %, 9, 3 ( 3 ), 84 1 %,,, 2 ( 4 ),, 6, 2 1., 77 6 %, 3, 3 2.,,,,,,, 3.,, 2 000 4 000, 1 2, 61 8 %, 3 1 1, 2 000 3 000, 1 5 3 000 4 000, 2 2 5 000 7 000
56 1 ( 1 ),, 57 7 %, 40%,,,,,,,,,,, 2.,, 5,,,,,, 3., 46 9 %, 4 ;, 27 2 %, 4., 58 6 %, 47 1%,,,, ;,,,,
3 57 ( 1 ),, ( 2),,, ( 3 ),,,, ( 4 ),,, ; ( 1 )? ( 2 ),? ( 3 ), :.., 2001 ( 7 )
4 1, 3 :,,,, ;, ;,,,,,,, :, 2,,,, ;,,
4 59 4 2 4-1,, : ( )!,!,, 2002, 2003 3, 1?, ;, 2002 8 15 20 10,, 6,?,,? :, 10,,,,,,,, 10,,,,,,, 2, 1 5,
60 6 000 1,,,,,,, 2 6 5,,, 2,, ;,,?,,,,,,,, ;,,?? :,,,, :, ;,,,,,, ;,,,, ;,, 2002 4,, 2002 5, :
, 4 61, 5, :, 50%, 12%, 18%, ;,,,,,,, ;, 2 3 8, :,,,,,, ( 1 ),, ( 2 ),,,, ( 3 ),,,, ( 4 ),,,,,,,, ( 5 ),, 6, 38% 8 2 5 5 9 9,,,,,,, ;, 9 9
62, 38% ; 5, 60%,, ;, 9 9,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,?,,,, 53%, 47% ;, 83%,, :,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 500 600,
4 63 :,,,,,,,,,,,?, 2002 6, 7, ( ), 8 15, 8,, 7, 9, 10, 8 15 10, 3,?,, :,,,, 1,,,, 3,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,
64,, AD,, 2002,, ;, ;,,,,,,,,,,, 2,,,, ;,, 2002,,, 22,,,,, 11,, 3,,,,, 2,,,, 12,,,,,,,,
, 4 65, 2002 9 15, 32 6 700,, 30 61%,, 10 5, AC,,,,??,,, 2003 1,, 3,,,,, ;,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,, ;,,
66 2002, 5, 2003 3, 1,,,, OTC ( ) ;,,,,,,,,,, ; 2003,,,,, ( 1 )? ( 2 ),? ( 3 ),? ( 4 )? :.., 2003 ( 12) 4 3 4-2 20 90,, 2000,
1, 4 67,, ;, 3, 1987,,,, 1996, GSM,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2002, :,, MOTO MOTO,,, 8900 9900, 1997, GSM 35%,,, 1998,, GSM ;,,,,
68,,,,,, 3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 4, ( ACCOMPLI) ( TIMEPORT) V ( Vdot) ( TALKABOUT),, 2000 4,, 4, ( ACCOMPLI),,,, 2000 12 AC COMPLI A 1688 ( TIMEPORT),,, L 2000, L 2000 www, 21,, V
4 69 ( Vdot), V 998 V 998 + L 2088 L 2188,,,,,, :,,, ;, ;, :,,,,,, ( TALK ABOUT) T 2688,,,,, :, T 2688 :,, :,,, 4,,,,,,,,, T 2688,, ;,,,, ; ;,,,,, ;,
70,,,,,,,, ( 1 )? ( 2 )? ( 3 )? ( 4 )? : 1., :, 2001 2 4-3 :,,,?? 1806,,, 1890,, 1953,,, 200,, 40%, 1 /4, 200,,, 100, 5 :,,, ;
,,, 4 71,,,,,, (, ),,, ( ),,,,,,,, 49 88% 80%,,,, DNA,, 166,,, 1955,,,,,, 1 /3, 35, Cue,, 1960,, 1987, 15, 3,,,,,,,,
72,,,,,,,,,, 3 :,,, ;,,, ;,, 2,,, : ;,,, ;,, :,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,, ( 1 ),? ( 2 ),? ( 3 ),,,
, 4 73 :. :., 2004 ( 4 ) 4-4,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,, 3 000 3 000, 2001 3 000,, 8 1 019,,,,,,,,,, 12 ;, 15,,
74, :,,,,,, ;, : ( 14 ) ( 15 22 ) ( 23 50 ) ( 50 ),,,,, PET, ; : 8%,, : 14 3 8, 2000 326,,,, DVD?,,, 2000, 3 : 14 17, 56 %, ; 18 30,, 2002 ;,, 4 12 3 8,,,
, 4 75 ( ),,,,,,,,,,, 2002 9, 2003 1 1, 1 10,, ;,, 2003, ( ), 150, 60, 30,, ;,, :,, ;,,,,, 300,,, ( ),, ( ),, ( ),,
76, 300 400,,,, ABC, A 1 2, B 1 1, C 2 1, 800 1 000,,,, ;,,,,,,,, 1 019,,,,, POP, 2, 1, 1 3 4 850, 1,,, :,,, 2003 3,,,,,, ;,
4 77, ( 1 )? ( 2 )? ( 3 ),?? : 1.., 2004 ( 2) 2.., 2003-06 - 10 4 4 4-5 ( ),,,, 20 80 205, 23 ;,, ( ), ( ),, 20 80, 3 61, 1980 577 1989 2 085 ; 1983 7 28% 1989 17 27%,,, 20 80, ( ),,
78,,, 37,,,,,,,,,, 205 23 7 ; 300,, 602 6040 ;,,,,,, :,,?,,, ( ),,,,,, ;,,, ;,, ;, 3,,, ;, ( ),,,,,, DC 303,, 1 /2 000, 1 /125 SPD /
4 79 TTL,,,,,,,, DC 303,, DC 303, 94, 1992, DC 303 3 DC 303, 1991, 308, 1994, 1 82, 674, 1 205 1992 1994, 80 8%, 99 4 %, 108 9%, 1994, DC 303 4, 1995, 52, 8, 1 000 ;, 2 6, 1 600,,,,, ( 1 )? ( 2 ),? ( 3 ) ;,? : :, 1998 4-6 2004 2 24, : 80, 45, 2003 6, 8,, 5 000 95 %, 10
80,,?? 20 21,, 2005,, 2003,, 19 716, 2002 75 28%, 146, 3 /4,, SPARK,!, M6 POLO GOL A4,! 6, 2003,,,, 2005 3,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,, ;, ;,,,,,,, ;
4 81 :, 20, 3 : 20 50 R USP ; 60 D ; 70,,,,,,,,,, 4-1 ( 1),,,,,,, 22 56 1 8 35 2 2 8 V6,, ; SUV 7 38,, 6 18, 8 38 658 4-1 SUV,, 2 2 ( 2 ), 20,, 20 90,, 20 90,,, : A6, 70%, 90% ;, 75%,, ;,, 7 8,
82, 2005,,,,, ( 3 ),,, ; 0 000 01, 0 ; 50,,,, ; ;,,, ; ( 4 ),,,,,,,,,,,, ; ;, ; ;,, SUV,,,,, 500, 5 ;, 1 000, 8 ( 1 )?? ( 2 )? ( 3 ),? :., 2000 ( 6)
5 1,, 3,, ;, ;,,, :,,,,,, MOTO:, 5 2 5-1 :,,,, 2003
84 2003 3, 2002,,,,, 2003,,,,, 45, 46, 16 19, 7, 1,,, 35%, 2002 200, 2, 2003 3, 10 20%,,, 3,,, 2002,,,,,,,,, 2003,,,,,, :, PET, ;,, 4,
, 5 85,,, ; ; 100%,,,,,,,,,, PET,,, 2, 2 65%, 2 79% 78%,,,,,,,, ;,,,, : 2001, PET,,,,,,, C,, ;,,, Qoo
86, 2002 2003,,,,,, 4 1, CF :,,,,, 3,,,,,,,,,,,,, :, ;,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,, 1 3, ; LOGO
5 87,, PET 28 mm, 38 mm,,,,,,, 2,,,,,,,, 2, 2 : 600 ml 380 ml PET,, 500 ml 350 ml, 100 ml 30 ml, 3,, PET, 30%,, 100% ;,,, 100%, PET, 10%, 10 % PET, 20%, 10%, 30%,,,, 3 5 4,, PET,, PET ( 1 ),, 2 /
88 ( 2 ) 2003 3,, ( 3 ) 10, PET,,,, ( 4 ), 2 /,,,,, 2,,,,,,,,,,,,, 700,,, 2003, :,,,,,, ( 1 )?? ( 2 ),? ( 3 )? ( 4 ),,?? :. :., 2003 ( 6 )
5 89 5 3 5-2 :,,,,,,, 20 90,,, 1956 1978,,, 20 80,,, 1 000 5 000, 80,,, 3, 90,,,, 1990 1995, 200 50, 500,,,,, 20 80 90 1991,,,,,! 1991 1995, 13 200 16 211, 24 000 31 269!
90, ;, 20 90,,,,!,, 2 :,,, ;, 2,,,,,,,,,,, ;, ;,,!, 650,, 2 :, ;, 1 8!,,,,,,,,, 10, 15,, ;,,,,,
5 91,, 2002,,,,,,?, 20 80,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 20 80 90,,,,,, ;,,, 20,,
92,,, 1978, 20 90,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,, 20, 20 90,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :, 5 000 6 000, 400,,,,, 24! 20 80, 20 90,,, ;,,, 1996 1997,, 20 80,,
5 93 ;, 10,,!,,,,,,,,! 1996 2001, 14 060 6 104, 16 870 9 875,!,,,,, 10,,, 500,,!,, ;,, ( 1 ),,,,,, ( 2 ),,,,,,,,,,,,, ( 3 ),,,,,,,! ( 4 ),, ( 5 ),,,,,,,,,,,,,
94,,,,,,,,,! ( 1 ) 20 80 90,?? ( 2 ) 20 90?,? ( 3 )?? ( 4 ),,? :,.., 2003 ( 11) 5-3, ABC,,,,, ABC,, ABC,,, ABC,,, 20 50,,,,,,,,,, 1956,, 1959, 10,, : 2
5 95 1,,,,,, 1979,, 1992 14,,,,, 1983,,,, 3 2,,,,,,, 4,, 4,, ABC,,,,,, ; 8%,,,,,,,,,,,, 17,,,,,,,, 8,,,
96,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1985,,, :,,, 20 70 :,,, 40, 40,,,,,,,,, 30, 20, 30,,,, 40,,, 30,,,,,,
5 97,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 10%, ;, ;,,,,, 3 :,, 2,, 5,,,, : 40 30, 1 6, 40,,,,,, 20,,,, :
98,,, ( 1 )? ( 2 )? ( 3 ),,? ( 4 ),,?? ( 5 ),,,? : 1.. :, 1998 2 http: / / www cmmo com cn 5 4 5-4 MOTO: 2002, :,, MOTO MOTO,,, 8900 9900, 1997, GSM 35%,,, 1998,,
5 99 GSM ;, ( 1),,,,,,,, ( 2) MOTOROLA,,,,, ( 3 ), ;,,,, GSM, GSM, 1994 GSM, ; GSM CDMA ( 1 5G),,,, CDMA, 3, GSM,,,,,,,,,, ( 4 ),, 2,,,,,,,,,,
100,,,,,,,,, 1998, ( 5 ) 1997, 9 3, 3, 80%,, :,,,,,,, ( 1 ), :, V 998,, ; 6288, ; ( ) WAP ( ), 1999, CD 928 + CD 938 +, 2 1999 3 6 2, V 998 L 2000, ( 2 ),, 4,,,,, 4, ( ACCOMPLI ) ( TIMEPORT ) V ( V dot) ( TALKABOUT ) 4
A 6188 A 6288, P 7689,,, V ( V dot) V 998, V ( V dot) 5 101, T 2188,,, 4,,,, ;,,,,,,,, ;, : 4 L 2000 ( ), E 360 ( ), A 6188 A 6288, PDA 388 ( A 6388), 4 1998 4, 5,,, M,,,,,, M,,,
102 20 MOTO, MOTO, MOTO,, V 70,, MOTO, ( 1 ),, MOTO,,,, MOTO ; MOTO, MOTO, MOTO, 6,,,, 6,, ( 2 ), MOTO,,,,,,,,,! MOTO, MOTO 3, ( 3 ),,,,
5 103 CDMA, Motorola 6188 PDA, 6288 ; 2002 MOTO, 2003 2003 8 GSM ( EMS MMS) JAVATM GPRS EDGE UMTS / WCDMA,, MOTO, 2003,, JAVA EDGE 3G / UMTS,,, EDGE,, 3G MotoCoder, JAVA, MotoCoder,, C 350, MOTO, MIDI ( 4 ) MOTO, MOTO,, MOTO, MOTO,, MOTO,, T 190, V 70 ( 5 ),,,, DISCO MOTO MOTO ( ),,,, DM, 800,
104 : ;, ;, 388 JA VA,, ( ),,,, MOTO,,, ( 6 ), MOTOROLA,, MOTO, ;, MOTO : MOTO, MOTO,, ; ;, MOTO,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,
5 105,, : ; ; ; ( 7 ),,,, ;, : 2002 12,, CEO 5, ( Visionary Com pany), 2002,, MOTO, :,, ; ;,,, ( IN TOUCH) IN,,, 88, MOTO,,,, 50 ( My Book) CBA elong, Motorolan, 2003 7 ( ), Motorolan
106, MOTO,, MOTO,,,,,, MOTO MO TO,, ( 1 )? ( 2 )?? ( 3 )?? ( 4 )? ( 5 ) : ; :. MOTO:., 2003 ( 4)
6 1, 3, ( ) ( ) ;, 3, ;,,,,,, 6 2 6-1,, 1945,,
108, 1992,, 46%, 1991 32%, 30,, 1991, 400, 1994 5, 1993 673 4, 118, 1992 ( Sears), 1995,, 936, 1995 2001 2002 2 500, 2002 2003 2, 2002 2003 2 2003 2 563,,,,, 2004 5, 5 085, 103, 3 586, 1 499,,, 38,,? 3, 1, 1985, 1992, :,,,,
6 109 :, ;,,, ; ; ; 3,,,,?,,, ( 1) 12 000, 400, 17 800 150 ( 2),,, ( 3 ) ( 4 ),,, ( 5 ) 2 000,, 49 ( ) ( 6 ),,, 100 ;,, 50,,,,, 2, :, 8, 1, 1 2 3,,,, :,,, ( 1 ),,
110,, 45, 29,, ( 2 ),,, 3,, 85%,,,, 1996, 30, 2 000, 48, 2, 2,, 85 %, 5%, 2% 3%,,,, ( 3 ) 1 /3, 1 5%, 1 1 %, 5 % 2% 3 40 ( EMPLOYEE), ( PARTNER) ( AS - SOCIATE),,, 3,
6 111 ( 1 ), 1, 1 000,, ( 2),, 15% ( 3 ),,,, 200,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 3,,,,,,,, 3,, ( 1 ) 15 50 10,,,,, 5, 1962,,,,,,,,
112 20 80,,, 2 400, 1983 6, :, ( 2 ), 20 60 80,,,,,, 150,,,,,,, 1% 2000 1 2 400 1992 11,, 20, 250 100, 6,,,,,,,,,,, ( WAL MART) 1940, ( Sam Walton) ; 1945, ; 1950, ; 1962, Wal Mart ; 1970, ;
6 113 1972,, 17 ( 1989 ) 100 ; 1979, 10 ; 1983, ( SAM S CLUB) ; 1985, ; 1987, ( Hy permart),,, ; 1988 3, ( Super Center) ; 1991, CifaS A 45 122 ; 1992 3 17, ; 1993 330, 27 6% ; 1994,, ; 1996 8 12, ; 1997, 68, 11 5 ; 1997, ; 1997,, 1 050 ; 1998, 21 Wertkauf, ; 1998,, 3 ; 1998, 1, 1 02 ; 1998,, ; 1999, 114, ; 1999, ASDA ( 229 ), ; 2000, 5; 2000, ; 2001, 3; 2001,, 12 5 ; 2001, 500 ; 2002 3, ; 2002, 500 ; 2002 2003, 2 ; 2003, 2 563 ;
114 ( 1 )? ( 2 )? ( 3 )? ( 4 )? ( 5 )? ( 6 ),,? : 1 :, 2001 2 http: / / www wal martchina com 6 3 6-2, 1992,, 10 300 20 90, 10, 1993, 1 ; 1995, 25 1% ; 1996, 65 ; 1999, 600, 1 200, ; 2001, 1 200, ; 2003, 9,,,, 1998, 2003, 1 600, 3 7, 44 4%, 50 %, 70 %,
6,, 2004, 6 115 5 200 2 000 ( ) 1992 6,,,,,, 70 %, 80%,, 1992, 10 300 20 90,,,,,,,,,,, 1996,,, LG LG 1996, 1998,, LG, 10% 1998, LG,, 2000 4, LG 30%, LG,,,, LG, 4, LG, LG, 1999, 1 270 / 7G88,,, 1999,,, 3
116,,,, 20 %, 40% 1996 8, 3 24 6% ; 1997 7 8, 17, 40% ; 1997 10 11, 5, 32 3% ; 1998 7, 17, 24 3%,, 1996 1 500 /, 2000 5, 600 /, 60%, 1996 1 2 780 /, 2000 5 950 /, 66%,,,,,, 1996 8, 3 ( WP 750, WP 800, WP 700) ; 1997 7, 17 ; 1997 10, ; 1998 8, 17 ; 2000 6, ( WP 750 S WP 750 SL 23 WD 750 S WD 750 BS WD 750 ASL 23), 40%, 50%,,, :,,,,,,,,,, 2000 6,, 500 850 1 8,, 300 ; 800 950 1 14,, 600 ; 1 000 1 15, 800 8,,
6 117,, 1996 8, 24 6 % (,, ) ;, 36% 50 2%, 14 2 %, 0 70 ( 1%, 0 7 ) 1997 10 11, 22 8%, 11 6, 0 51 1998 7 12 5%, 9 4, 0 75, 0 5, 1998 5, 73 5% 1995 1998, 4,,, 300 /, 5 10, 15,,,??,? 2001,,, ( 2001 ) ; 2002, 100, 3 2; 50% 1 600%, 2003,, 150, 80 2004 250, 150 5 1 200, 200,,,,, 2002,, ( ), 2,,,,,,, ;,,,,
118,,,,? ( 1 ) ( )? ( 2 )? ( 3 )? ( 4 )?? ( 5 )? : 1 :, 2001 2 : http: / /finance tom com [ 2004-02 - 06] 6-3 1998 6,,,, 1998, 19 19%, 43 26%,, ; 1997,,,?,, 2 /3,,, 1969,,, 1979, 20 80, 1981,
6 119,,, ;,,, ;,, 15 99 8 %, 1997,,, 20 80,,,,, 90%, 1 /4 1996, 38, 1 000,, 20 80,, 1991, 8, 1997, 1 000, CI 200, 1995,, 1996, 47%, 20 70 80 1979, 6,, 10, 10,, 90%,,,,,, 2,,, 10 2 700,,,,,, ;,,,,
120,, 8 000 10 000, 2 3 2 400, 59 1 2,, 3 000 4 000 1999,,,,,, : 1988, 1993 1998 450 /, 1998, 1997 200 230 / 130 /,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 6 10 2 400, 100, 5, 20%,,, 1997,, 20% 30%, 50% 60%,, 1997 2 500 350, 1,,,,,,, :, ;,
6 121,,,, :,,,, 20% 30%, 50% 60%, ;,,,,,,,, ( ),,,, ;,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,?, :,, ;,,,? ( 1 ),? ( 2 )?
122? ( 3 ),? :, :, 1999 6 4 6-4 B&Q 500 30,, 2002, 106, 10 1 400 9,, 1969, B&Q, 30, B&Q 300, 1998 CASTORAMA, 1998, 1996,,, B&Q 10 700 B&Q, 1999 6 18, B&Q, B&Q, B&Q 18, 2003 3, 2002, B&Q?,, 2008,
6 123 75, 5, 13,,, 2003, 50,, 10% 15%,,,, 25%,,,, 700, 18, 40,,,, ( 2 929 ),,,,,,,,, 10% CPR,,,,, 5,, 4,,, /, CPR & Vendor Development,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,, 1 + 1 > 2,,,
124 / 4, :,?????,????????, - -,,,,,,,, 2004,, 200, 10, 60%, 30%,,,,,,,,,,,, 4,,,, 45% 25% 30%,, 5, B&Q ( Colours) 4 5,, 15 20 10% 15%
6 125, 14,, 200% 2003 10 18 400, 3,,,, + +,?,?, :,,, :,, :,, : 2, :, :,,,,,, :, 4, 435, 5 %,,, 25% 30%
126 ( 1 )?? ( 2 )?? ( 3 ),? : 1 http: / / www bnq com cn 2 http: / / house sina com cn
7 1,,,, 3,, ;, ;,,,,,, SOLO:,,,
128 7 2 7-1 : 2001 11,,, 30,,,,,, 2002 4,,,, 5,,,, 30 ;,,,,,,, 2001 9,, 2001 11 2002,,,,,, 2002, :, 100, 30,,,,,
7 129 ;,,,,,, 1, ;,,, ;,,, 2,,,,,,,,,,, 3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ; 4,,,,
130,,,,, ;,,,,, 1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, : ( 1 ),,,, ; ( 2),,,,, 2, ;,,,,?,, ( ) :,,,
7 131,,,,,, ( 1 ) ( 2 ),? ( 3 ),? : http: / / www icxo com [ 2004-01 - 30] 7 3 7-2, 100 70 000, 15, 2 ( 1 ),, ( 2 ), 2 25,,,, ( ) 3%, 8 5% ( 3 ) 20, :,,,
132 ( 4 ),, : ;,,, 20,, 20 60, 3,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 80%, : ( 1 ) ; ( 2 ), ; ( 3 ),, 1 ;
; 7 133 ( 4), 330, ( 5 ),,,,, 20 60 5, 40,, : 4 5 ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1964,, 20,,,,,,,,, 20 70, ;, 5 8,,,
134,, 165, 65, 1996, 1%,,,,, 60, 31, 29,,,, 3, 4 :,,,, 4 1,,,,, 40 ;, 2,, 3 4,,,
7 135 4,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,, ;,,,,, 1990,,, ; 1992 4, 1992, 1993 2, ; 1994 6, ; 1994 7, ; 1995,, ; 7, ; 1999 12 2000 8,,,, ; 2001 8,, 4 17 74 560,
136,,,,, 560, 900,,, 2003 9 25, 120,, 2004 100, 2003 175,, :,? ( 1 )? ( 2 ),? ( 3 ) ( 4 )? ( 5 ),,? : 1 http: / / www mcdonalds com cn 2 http: / / business sohu com 7-3 Tomas & Mack, 13 000 ( ), 41,, :,,,,,
:!, 7 137 1886,, 2 /3, 10, 5 %, 55, 137 300, 500 000, 7 24, :,,,,,,,,,, 98 %, 80 %, 20 %,,, 6 000, 15,, 20% 25%, 30% 50% 2 B 40, 90, :, 30,,,,,,,
138,, :,,, 500 000 12 000, ( 1 )? ( 2 ),? ( 50% ) ( 3 ) WWW Avon com?? ( 4 ), : J :, 2003 7 4 7-4 SOLO: SOLO, 30 361 568, 82 %,, +,,, 2002, +,, 2003
7 139 +,,?, 27 2 %,, 5, SOLO SOLO, SOLO 20 30,, ;, :,,, BBS SOLO,, 1 5, SOLO;,, +,,, : SOLO,,, SOLO,, SOLO, ;,, SOLO, :, SOLO 25 1998 6 50%, 70%,, ( ) SOLO,,,,,, SOLO,, SOLO SOLO, ( )
140,,,,,,, BBS,,,, 2002 12 8 10, SOLO, SOLO,, 1, 131,, 30, 361, 586 568, 82%,,,, 24,,,,,,,,, 72%, 90%,, ( 1 ),,,,,,,, ( 2 ),,,,,,
7 141,, SOLO SOLO,, SOLO ( 3 ),,,,, SOLO,,,,,, SOLO ( 4 ),, 24,,,,, SOLO,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,, ( 1 )? ( 2 )?? ( 3 )??? : SOLO:, 2003 ( 8)
8 1,,,, 5 :,, ;, ;, ;, ;,,,,, CCTV 2002, 10,
8 143 8 2 8-1,, :, 1974, 1995 ; 1986 1999, 13, 1 500 1 000 000,,, 2001,, ( 1 ) : 2001 1 22, ( ),,,, ( 2) : 2001 4 22, ( ) 4 20,,,,, 4,, 8 2, ( 3 ) : 2001 5 7,,, ( 4 ) : 2001 8 25,,,
144 ( 5 ) : 300 2001 10 22, ( ), 300, 4 300 ( 6 ) : 2002 3,,, TWINS,, 2002 3,, 5, 20,,,,, 21,,, 6 50 2002 FIFA, ( 7) : 2002 5 16,,,, 111, 4,, :,, ;, ( 8 ) : 2002 6 4,, 9,, 3, 21 ( 9 ) : 2003 2002 11 6, 2 ( ), 2003,, 2003,,
8 145 ( 10) : 2003 8 17,, 36,, 10 000,,,,, :,,? 4P, 1 P,, ( 1) 2001 7 14,, 3, 3 72, ( ),,,,, 1928,,,, 14 13, 14, 15,, ( 2) 2001 10 7,, 2,,,,, FIFA,,, 11 ( 3 ) 2003 8 3,,
146 2008, 2008,, 100,,, /,,,,,,, :,,,, ;,, :,,!,,, 60,,,,,,? ( 1 ),? ( 2 )?? ( 3 ) ( 4 ),?? ( 5 ),
8 147 :, 2003 ( 11 ) 8 3 8-2 1997,,,,,, 1997,,,,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
148,,, 3, 3,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,?,,,,, ;,,,,? 2000 4 4 24,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
, :, 8 149 2000,,, : 1999,, :, 1998 2000, 3,,, ;,, ;, 2000,,,, 20 01 3 2 0, :, 1 1, 1 5, 2 000 8,,, 1 5 1 1 ;,,,,, 2001,, 2 10, 21 30, 30%,,, 2, 2001 1 5, 90%, :,, 2001 1 1 7 13,,,,,,,,,,, 2000 7,
150 2001 2004 /,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,, 1998, 2008, :,,,,,, 2001 7 13, 2008,, :,,,,,,,,,,,, 1969,,,, 34 2003 10 16,,,, 1
8 151,, 2003, 10,, 2003 9,,,,,,, 10 12, 1 000 ;, 6 16 6 23,,,,,,,,?,,,,? ( 1 ), ( 2 ),,? ( 3 ),? ( 4 )?,?? ( 5 ),,,,,,? : 1,, 2004 ( 1 ) : 54 55
152 2 :, 2001 3, 2003-10 - 09 8-3 2004 A,, 15, 9, 778 3 240,!,, 3 070, 1, 2004,, :,!!, :, 1, 2002 7, 7 000! 2003,,, 2004 500 81 21,,,, 2003 4, 10 1,,,,!,,
8 153 :????, :,,, 11 15,,, 30,, : 6,, 2 000,!, 14 5,, 12,, 15,, 21, 11,,, 30, 2 30, 12, 2 30,!,, 10? 2 000,, ;?,, 4,,,!! : 2 0 04!,,, 2001,,,,,, 3 5, 5%, 2005, 50 %,,,, 80%,, 400, 10%, 40, 80%
154, BP,, 8 4%, 1% :,,!,, : 2006,, 70, 10, 10%,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,, 2 /3,, 30,, 1 /3,,? 3,???,,, 2 3, 5 8?,,,,
, 8 155, ;, 300,,,,,, ; ;,,,, :,,,, 2001, WTO,, 13,,, ;,, :,,,, 6, 1, 93,, 400%,, 3, A B, OEM, 6,,,,,,,, 2002,,,,, :,,,,,,
156,, ;,,, 90%, 40%, G 15 W /40 60%,,,? ;,,, ;,,, 8, 4 000 ;,,, :,,,,,,,,?,,? :,,! :,,,,,,, :?,,, ;,,,,,!
8 157 2004, 44 115 7, 33 146 5 33 3%, 3 1, 2 1,,!,,,,, VCD, : 1996, 6 666,, 3 2,,,, 300 ;,,, 1998 VCD, 2 1,,,, 1 ;,,,,, ;,,?,,,,, ;,,, ;,,,, TCL,,, ;,,
158, ( 150 ), 9 54%, 13, 600 TCL 500, 871,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,, ( 1 )? 2004? ( 2 ),? ( 3 )? ( 4)?,? : 1,, 2004 ( 1 ) : 50 53 2 8 4 8-4 2002 2003, 2002,, 10 ( ),,
8 159,,, 1 ( 1 ) : ( 2 ) : 78 ( 3 ),,,,,,,,,,,,,, 20 70, Trac ; 20 70, Atra Trac ; 20 80, ( GoodNews) Atra; 20 90, Pivot GoodNews;, Mach Pivot,, 7 ( 4 ) :,, 2 ( 1 ) : ( 2 ) : 70 ( 3 ),,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,
160 :, ( 4) :,,,, 3 TCL ( 1 ) :, ( 2 ) : 20 ( 3 ), 10,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, TCL,, TCL,, ( 4 ) :, 4 ( 1 ) :,, ( 2 ) : 13 333 ( 3 ), :,, ( ),,,, ;,,,, TCL,,?,
8 161,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( 4 ) : 2 15 ;, 5 ( 1 ) : 1 1 1 ( 2 ) : 80 USP ( 3 ), 3 : USP ( ), ( ) ;, ;,,,, 1 1 1,, USP USP 3 :,,,, ;,,, ;,,,,,, USP,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 27 USP,, ( 4 ) :, 6 ( 1 ) :,
162 ( 2 ) : 70 ( 3 ),,,,,,,,,,,,, 7,,, ( ), ( ),,,,,,, :,? ( 4 ) : 7 ( 1 ) :, ( 2 ) : 60 ( 3 ),,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( 4 ) :,
8 163, 8 ( 1 ) :, ( 2 ) : 2 ( 3 ), CDMA, GSM,, ;,,,, IBM, IBM,, DEC, ;,,,,,,,, 2 :,,,,, ( Apollo),,, 40%,, 1, ( 1 ), :, ( 4 ) :,,,, CDMA, 9 ( 1 ) :, ( 2 ) : 59 ( 3 ),,,,,, :
164, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, USP, :, ;,? USP,,,,,,, ;, ( 4 ) :,, 10 ( 1 ) :,, ( 2 ) : 0 ( 3 ),,,,,,,, TCL,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
( 4 ) :, 8 165 ( 1 )? ( 2 )? ( 3 ) ( 4 ), : http: / / business sohu com
9 1,,, 9 2 9-1 1991, 100 5, 10,,,,,
9 167,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Human Technology ( ), 4 : ( 1 ) ; ( 2 ) ; ( 3 ) ; ( 4 ) :,,,, ;,,,, 20 90,,,, 18 45, ;,,,, CNN BBC,
168,,,,,,,,,,,,, Human Tecnology ( ),,,,,,,,,,,, 3 5, 6, 8, 5110 3210, ; 8250,,,,, 8250 ; 8850,,, 8850,,, 8850, 8850,,
9 169,, 8250, 3,, ;, ;,, : 1997,,, 2001, 3G,,, ( 1 )? ( 2 )?? ( 3 )? ( 4 ) : 9 3 9-2, ( Marlboro), ( Business Week) ( Interbrand) 2003 100 9, 221 8 ( Philip Morris,
170 ) 1847,, 1902,,,, Marlborough 1908, 1919, 20 20,,,,,,, 1924,, :,,, ;,,,,, ;, Marlboro Men always remember ladies because of romance only (, ),,, 1924 1950,, ;,, 3 :,,,,,,,, ;,,,,, ;,, :,,,,,,,, ( Leo Burnett),,,, :
9 171,,,, 1954, 1955, 1968, 1975, 20 80,,,,, 1987, 1 546,,,,,,, :,! 20,,,,,!,,,,,, ( R J Reynolds),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
172 ;,,,,,,, 20 70,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1993,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 3,,,,,,,,, F 1, F 1 F 1, F 1 F 1 1972 F 1, F 1 30,, 127, 8,, ;,
9 173,,, 500,, 1999, 117, ( Marlboro Miles, 1, 5 ),, ( Afghan Wigs) 200 ( 40 ),, CD,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 35%,,, 18 25,,,, :,, ;,,,,,,, 15 25
174,,,,,,,,,?,,,,, 3 :, ;, ;, 1976,, Merit,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :, ;, ;,, ;,,,, 50%,,,
9 175, 1985, 1998 ( Master Settlement Agreement),, 1998,,, 1999,, :, 90 ;, 3,, 1 000, :, ;, ;,, 40, 7 5,, 70%,,,,, 2002 39%,, 20 90,,,,,,,
176,,,,,,, ;,,, :,, ;, ;,,,, ( 1 )?? ( 2 )? ( 3 ),? ( 4 ), : http: / /www icxo com [ 2004-07 - 12] 9-3,,,,,,,,
9 177 ( intel) 1968 8,,, 1995, 79% 90% 80 X86 CPU 1995, 138, 1992 NEC, 4, 20 80,,,,,,, IBM,, 20 80,,,,,,,,,,,, 1987 8086,, 16,, 1979 68000, 8086,, 8086,,,,,,,, ( ; ), :,, 8086
178, ;, ; 8087 8086, ; 8086,,,,, :,? 6 80 0 0, 68 00 0,?,,,, : ;,, 3,,,,, 3, 8086,,, 20 80, 20 90, 20 90, CPU,,, 30, 1994,,, 1995, 44%,,, 386, 50% ; 486, ; Pentium,
9 179,,,,, :,,,, 1982 286,, 10, 286,, 386,, ; 486,,,,,, IBM 1995, BayNetwork,,, 8086 286 386 486 86, 86, AMD Cyrix 86, 1991,, 86, 1, Intel Inside, 3%, Intel Inside, 5% 1992, 63 %,, ;,,,, IBM Compaq Dell HP, Intel Inside, Intel Inside,,,
180,,, 386 486 CPU,,,, 1992 5,, 1992 : CPU Pentium! Pentium, ; Pent, ;,,, 3, Pentium 586,,, Pentium, Intel Inside :,, 100 Intel Inside Pentium Processor,,,,,,, 386, X : 286, X 286, 386 SX, 386, 32 16 : 1989 4, 386, 286, 486,,, IBM Compaq, 486 486 1993 Pentium, :,,
9 181,,,,, Pentium,,,, :, 1994 IBM 3,, Penti um 10,,, Pentium 1994 3, :,, 0 6 100 Pentium 1994,, :,,,,,,,,, ( 1 ) ( First mover Advantage)? ( 2)? Pentium? ( 3 ),? ( 4 )?? : :, 2001
182 9 4 9-4 : 1908,, 500 20, 500,, 1997,,,,,, 1, 2002 4,, 1,, :,, :,,,,,,, :,,,,,
9 183 1996,,,,,,,,,,,,, 12, 3, 12,, ;,,, ;,,, 22 45,, 2000 10,,, 6,,,,, 2,,,,, 5,,, 500,,,, 240 800,,, 600, 1 2,,,, 5 000,, 90 %, 28,,,,, ;,
184,,,,,,, :? :,, 30,,,, 2 300, 30 3 1%, 2,,,,,,,,,,, 500,, 2001 10, ( S3 ),,,,,,,,,
, 9 185,,,, 2, 2002 5,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,, 1998, 2000, 2000,,,,,,, 1996 1988, 2000,
186, 2001,,,,, 2000, : ; ; ; ; ;,,,,,,, 1998, 60,,, 1998 4,,, 2001 9,,,, 2000,, 1999,,,, 2000 2001,
9 187,, ( 1 )? ( 2 )?? ( 3 )? ( 4 )?? : http: / / www cmmo com cn