MOIcpami090021
74 74
11456 2001200 Yang1994 2000 12001700 2000 2000 2001 1
2
() (197119721973 197419751980) 138 (1986) 133 (19871994) 151 154 (19871994) 134 137 (1992) 78 (1997) 83 () (Parantica sita niphonica Moore) (Lepidoptera) (Nymphalidae) (Danainae) 25 (Asclepiadaceae) (Compositae) 810 (1986) Yang (1994) (1990) 6 1989 96732 (1995) 1990 83162 (2000) 37520 (2000) 1980 20 (Danaus plexippus L.) (19911994) 2000 (2000) 3
4
() ( ) 101 ( ) ( ) () 101 () () 5
() (Compositae) (Eupatorium) () 1 5m (Nymphalidae) (Danainae) (Parantica sita 6
niphonica Moore) (Lincoln Index) (Jolly-Seber Method) ( 1990) Ni = Minimi Ni= i Mi=i ni = i mi= i Mi Zi(Mi - mi) = riri Mi = mi + (ZiRiri) Ri = i ri = Ri Zi = i i = Ni = Miai ai = mini ai = i Ni= ni + (ZiRinirimi) Var Ni= Ni (Ni - ni)[ Mi mi + Ri ( 1 1 ) + 1 ai ] Mi ri Ri Mi 7
8 () 5 93 4319 ( ) ( 1994) 24 925 74 1061 ( ) 9 40 11 78 13 165 16 287 16 262 9 43 8 35 5 23 17 933 5 93 7 179 8 110 9 149 9 80 6 50 6 76 4 33 9 770 5 12 13 53 18 164 17 195 15 146 12 27 9 41 5 14 24 652 5 24 11 282 11 377 11 175 8 34 9 18 5 12 2 3 11 925 3 16 8 81 10 115 8 107 9 98 5 20 7 38 3 11 12 486 3 15 6 69 8 99 8 123 6 88 5 21 5 25 2 3 10 443 3 4 5 17 6 28 4 25 4 18 5 10 3 7 1 1 9 110 33 204 61 759 74 1058 73 1061 67 726 51 189 43 234 22 88 93 4319 ( ) 51 74
(,1987) 13 8 13 11 3 9 5 62 101 8 3 11 10 10 3 6 51 81 15 9 20 10 8 7 5 74 96 12 5 17 7 9 9 5 64 129 101 (1987) (1987) ( ) (1987) (1992) (1997) ( ) ( ) ( 1987) (Durabta repens L.) 19872001 ( 1987) 9
10 (1987) (1992) (1997) 10 84 15 114 16 1012 16 1367 15 1811 16 815 8 56 2 4 6 124 7 195 9 582 11 488 7 171 6 62 4 296 3 24 4 11 8 50 20 1123 19 1312 25 256 15 106 4 164 1 60 4 24 9 469 9 2926 9 122 9 48 7 120 4 86 1 2 4 46 8 118 15 578 11 234 9 447 7 150 8 100 1 2 3 18 5 176 9 185 8 259 7 206 4 34 2 50 1 6 5 9 6 20 10 55 11 25 9 38 7 26 4 28 2 4 36 316 58 1169 85 6461 85 3807 81 2973 62 1313 34 780 12 102
19872001 ( 1987) (1987) 10 20 ( ) Acanthaceae Justicia procumbens Amaranthaceae Alternanthera philoxeroides Araliaceae Aralia decaisneana Caprifoliaceae Sambucus formosana Compositae Ageratum conyzoides Ageratum houstonianum Bidens pilosa Cirsium japanicum Eupatorium formosanum E. lindleyanum E. shimadai Gynura formosana Polygonaceae Polygonum chinense 11
Rutaceae Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Saxifragaceae Astilbe chinensis Hydrangea angustipetala H. chinensis Umbelliferae Angelica dahurica var. formosana Oenanthe javanica Verbenaceae Premma microphylla ( ) () 2.2 % Jolly-seber ( 1995 1990 ) 2001 23 23 0 6 6 0 0 12
20 20 0 0 0 32 32 0 0 0 0 81 81 0 0 0 0 0 172 172 0 0 0 0 0 0 230 228 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 492 485 7 0 0 0 0 1 2 4 124 123 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 647 643 4 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 902 881 21 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 7 1 10 333 318 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 1 11 94 81 13 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 1 5 4 18 17 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 52 49 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 6 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q 4/11 5/7 /14 /21 /28 6/4 /5 /07 /11 /16 /18 /21 /26 /29 7/9 /13 /18 (Jolly-Seber ) (6/05) 230 228 20623.3 (6/07) 492 485 34580.6 (6/11) 124 123 43338.0 (6/16) 647 643 165322.0 (6/18) 902 881 20818.3 (6/21) 333 318 20099.9 (6 16 )165322 (2000) 37520 (1995) ( ) 101 20002001 13
2000 629 703 711 714 718 724 466 * 48 452 83 129 99 2001 621 626 629 709 713 718 318 81 17 49 5 1 (2000)2000 6 19 7 3 ( ) ( 2000)8 4 6 26 ( ) ( 2001) (2001 ) 11 25 IK SOA 118 ( ) 9 24 2035km 14
11 27 10 15 ( 2000 ) ( ) 15
( 2000) 16
() 1 5 93 24 17 9 7473 74 51 165322 () 17
????. 1971.??????? (1).???????????5?.????. 1972.??????? (2).??? 23 (1): 1-48.????. 1973.??????? (3).??? 23 (2): 1-31.????. 1974.??????? (4).??? 25 (1): 1-60.????. 1975.??????? (5).??? 26 (1): 1-100.????. 1980.??????? (6).??? 30 (1): 1-143.????. 1994.????????????.????? 29(10): 3-7.????????. 1997.?????3?????????????????.??? 48(4): 223-233.. 2000. (Parantica sita niphonica Moore). : 10.. 1989. ().. 253.????. 1993.??????????????.?????????? 47: 47-59.????. 2000.??.21???????????????.????? 35(6): 2-26.. 1986... 62.. 1987... 97.. 1990.. 2 (1)69-111.????. 1991.????????????. Insectarium 28 (12): 4-13.????. 1994.?????????????????.???? 182: 45.????. 2000.???????????.????2000(9): 62-63.?????. 1998.????????.????? 33(9): 2-36.. 1994.... 40pp.. 1995... 171pp.. 1990... 77. 18
. 1995. ( ).. 171.. 1997..,. 58pp.. 1998..,. 61pp.. 1990.. 2: 119-131.. 1987... 434.. 1992.,.???. 2000. 1999??????????. GEKKAN-MUSHI 349: 12-17.???. 2001.??????????. GEKKAN-MUSHI 361: 26-31.???????. 2000.????????1999.???????????????????,????. 96?. Brower, L. P. 1995. Understanding and misunderstanding the migration of the monarch butterfly (Nymphalidae) in north America. J. Lep. Soc. 49 (4): 304-385. Brower, L. P. 1996. Monarch butterfly orientation: missing pieces of a magnificent puzzle. J. Expe. Biol. 199: 93-103. Danthanarayana, W. 1986. Insect flight : dispersal and migration. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, New York. 289pp. New, T. R. 1997. Study butterflies for conservation. pp. 85-127. In: T. R. New, eds. Butterfly Conservation. 2 nd ed. Oxford University Express, Australia. New, T. R. 1998. Monitoring and evaluating status. pp. 174-198. In: T. R. New, eds. Invertebrate surveys for conservation. Oxford University Express, Australia. Pullin, A. S. 1995. Ecology and conservation of butterflies. Chapman & Hall, London. 363pp. Urquhart, F. A. 1976. Found at last: the monarch`s winter home. Nat. Geo. 150(2)161-174. Yang, P. S. 1994. Butterfly fauna of Yangmingshan national park, Taiwan. Biodiversity and Ecosystem 14283-295. 19
20
Papilionidae Byasa polyeuctes termessus (Fruhstorfer) B. alcinous mansonensis (Fruhstorfer) B. aristolochiae interposita (Fruhstorfer) Pachliopta aristolochiae interposita (Fruhstorfer) Graphium sarpedon connectons (Fruhstorfer) Chilasa agestor matsumurae (Fruhstorfer) Papilio bianor thrasymedes Fruhstorfer P. castor formosanus Rothschild P. demoleus Linn. P. helenus fortunius Fruhstorfer P. memnon heronus Fruhstorfer P. nephelus chaonulus Fruhstorfer P. polytes pasikrates Fruhstorfer P. protenor Cramer P. thaiwanus Rothschild P. xuthus Linn. Pieridae Appias lyncida formosana (Wallace) Catopsilia Pomona (Fabricius) E. hecabe (Linn.) Hebomoia glaucippe formosana Fruhstorfer Leptosia nina niobe (Wallace) Pieris rapae curcivore Boisduval Pieris canidia (Sparrman) Prioneris thestylis formosana Fruhstorfer Talbotia naganum karumii (Ikeda) Nymphalidae Danainae Danaus genutia (Cramer) Euploea mulciber barsine Fruhstorfer E. Sylvester swinhoei Wallace & Moore 21
E. tulliolus Koxinga Fruhstorfer E. leucoseunica hobsoni (Butler) Parantica aglea maghaba (Fruhstorfer) P. melaneus swinhoei (Moore) P. sita niphonica (Moore) Radena similes similes (Linn.) Tirumala hamata septentrionis (Bulter) Tirumala limniace (Cramer) Satyrinae Lethe chandica ratnacri Fruhstorfer L. europa pavida Fruhstorfer L. rohira daemoniaca Fruhstorfer L. verma (Kollar) Melanitis leda (Linn.) M. phedima polishana Fruhstorfer Mycalesis francisca formosana Fruhstorfer M. gotama nanda Fruhstorfer Neope muirheadi nagasawae Matsumura Penthema formosanum (Rothschild) Ypthima multistriata Bulter Y. tappana Matsumura Nymphalinae Acraea issoria formosana (Fruhstorfer) Argyreus hyperbius (Linn.) A. cama zoroasstes (Bulter) A. Selenophora laela (Fruhstorfer0 Athyma perius (L.) Cyrestis thyodamas formosana Fruhstorfer Hestina assimilis formosana (Moore) Hypolimnas bolina kezia (Bulter) H. misippus (Linn.) Chitoria chrysolora (Fruhstorfer) Junonia almana (Linn.) J. iphita (Cramer) Kaniska canace drilon (Fruhstorfer) Limenitis tricila (Fruhstorfer) 22
N. hylas luculenta Fruhstorfer Polygonia c-aureum lunulata Esaki & Nakahara Polyura narcaea meghaduta (Fruhstirfer) P. eudamippus formosana (Rothschild) Kallima inachis formosana Fruhstorfer Symbrenthia javanus formosanus Fruhstorfer S. hypselis scatinia Fruhstorfer Vanessa cardui (Linn.) V. indica indica Herbst Lycaenidae Celastrina argiolus caphis (Fruhstorfer) Deudoris epijarbas menesicles Fruhstorfer Heliophorus ila matsumurae (Fruhstorfer0 Jamides boeticus (Linn.) Lampides boeticus (L.) Megisba Malaya skkima Moore Nacaduba kurava therasia Fruhstorfer Spindasis syama Horsfield Tongeia hainani (Bethune-Baker) Zizeeria maha okinawana (Matsumura) Hesperiidae Ampittia virgata miyakei Matsumura Bibasis jaina formosana (Fruhstorfer) Caltoris cahira austeni (Moore) Notocrypta curvifascia (C & R. Felder) Parnara guttata (Bremer & Grey) Pelopidas agna (Moore) P. mathias oberthueri Evans Suastus gremius (Fabricius) Thoressa horishana (Matsumura) 23