21, 19(3): 556-561 Ecology and Environmental Sciences http://www.jeesci.com E-mail: editor@jeesci.com * 1. // // 5164 2. // 517 3. 149 GC-ECD GC-MS 1.99 ng L -1 ~4.76 ng L -1.36 ng L -1 ~.68 ng L -1 73.4 ng L -1 ~865.89 ng L -1 16.76 ng L -1 ~19.31 ng L -1 CJ32-93 [a] X131.2 X142 A 1674-596 21 3-556-6 [1-2] [3] 1 2 [4-8] ZQ CJ ZH 29 2 1 6 L 4.7 μm 142 mm Whatman GF/F, -2 XAD-2 25 mm 3 mm Table 1 Survey of sampling stations 23 3'5.66" N 22 29'1.86" N 22 13'49.5" N 112 29'53.96"E 113 26'19.65" E 113 31'22.61" E ph 7.99 6.65 7.84 TSS/(mg L -1 ) 14.5 39.49 18.6 广 27A3241 26A36831 1985 * E-mail antc99@gig.ac.cn 21-1-28
557 2 α- β- γ- δ- α- β- α- β- Supelco 16 [a] [b] [k] [a] [1,2,3-cd] [a, h] [g, h, i] 苝 d 8 - d 1 - d 1 - d 12 - d 12 - 苝 Supelco Ehrenstorfer-schafer Bgm-Schlosser HPLC Merck KGaA XAD-2 Supelco 72 h 1~2 8~1 72 h 45 5 h 4~6 45 5 h XAD-2 1 ml 2 1 8 mm 18 mm 1 ml 75 ml / 2 μl 72 h 1 ml 689N GC HP-5 3 m.32 mm.25 μm J&W Co. USA 28 8 1 min 15 min -1 14 4 28 1 min 63 Ni ECD 3 789A GC 5975C MSD GC-MS/QP-21 HP-5MS 3 m.25 mm.25 μm J&W Co. USA EI 29 6 5 min 3 min -1 295 3 min USEPA QA/QC 7%~12% 1 ZQ ZH ph 7 CJ ph 7 ZQ ZH 14.5 mg L -1 18.6 mg L -1 CJ 39.49 mg L -1 ZQ ZH CJ ZQ 1.99 ng L -1.43 ng L -1 CJ 4.76 ng L -1.36 ng L -1 ZH 3.75 ng L -1.68 ng L -1 1 ρ ( 总 有 机 氯 农 药 )/(ng L -1 ) 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1.. 溶 解 相 颗 粒 相 总 1 Fig. 1 Total OCPs levels in dissolved phase and particulate phase α- β- γ- δ- α- β- α- β- 2
558 19 3 21 3 1 8 6 4 2 六 六 六 滴 滴 涕 氯 丹 硫 丹 其 它 [a, h] [g, h, i] 苝 4a ZQ CJ ZH 9% 33% 88% 95% 4b [a] 7 ng L -1 [a] 2 Fig. 2 Ratios of different OCPs in the total OCPs [9] CJ32-93 1 ng L -1 5 ng L -1 2.2.2 ZQ 73.4 ng L -1 16.76 ng L -1 CJ 865.89 ng L -1 17.19 ng L -1 ZH 758.97 ng L -1 19.31 ng L -1 3 ρ ( 总 多 环 芳 烃 )/(ng L -1 ) 1. 9. 8. 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1.. 溶 解 相 颗 粒 相 总 3 Fig. 3 Total PAHs levels in dissolved and particulate phase [a] [b] [k] [a] [1,2,3-cd] 二 环 三 环 四 环 五 环 六 环 1 8 6 4 2 1 8 6 4 2 二 环 ( 除 萘 ) 三 环 四 环 五 环 六 环 4 (a. b. ) Fig. 4 Ratios of different ring-numbers of PAHs in the total PAHs (a. including Nap; b not including Nap) 5 CJ
559 ρ /(ng L -1 ) 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 有 机 氯 农 药 多 环 芳 烃 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 滴 滴 滴 滴 滴 伊 滴 滴 涕 5 Fig. 5 Comparison between OCPs and PAHs levels 7 Fig. 7 Ratios of 3 kinds of DDT in the total DDTs γ- α- β- δ- 6 α-hch(65%~7%) > γ-hch(12%~14%) > δ-hch(6%) > β-hch(5%~6%) γ-hch 99% α- γ- β- α- γ- β- [1] α- 六 六 六 β- 六 六 六 γ- 六 六 六 δ- 六 六 六 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 Fig. 6 Ratios of 4 HCH-isomers in the total HCHs [11] 7 5% [12] [13] 8 α- β- 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 硫 丹 I 硫 丹 II 硫 丹 硫 酸 盐 8 Fig. 8 Ratios of 3 kinds of endosulfan in the total endosulfans 178 22 228 [a] 276 [1,2,3-cd] [g, h, i] 苝 178.1.1.1 22.4.5.4.4.5.5
56 19 3 21 3 荧 蒽 / 分 子 量 22 石 油 排 放.7.6 ZQ CJ ZH.5 a.4..1.2.3 蒽 / 分 子 量 178 木 柴 和 煤 的 石 油 茚 并 [1,2,3-cd ] 芘 / 分 子 量 276 石 油 排 放 &.6.55 CJ ZH ZQ.5.45.4.3.35.4.45.5 苯 并 [a ] 蒽 / 分 子 量 228 木 柴 和 煤 的 石 油 9 Fig. 9 Sources of PAHs [a] 228.2.35.2.2.35.35 [1,2,3-cd] 276.2.5.2.2.5.5 [14-15] 9a ZQ CJ ZH 9b ZH ZQ CJ ZQ ZH CJ ZQ ZH CJ 2.42 ng L -1 ~5.12 ng L -1 9.15 ng L -1 ~883.8 ng L -1 CJ ZQ ZH ZQ ZH CJ CJ32-93 1 ng L -1 5 ng L -1 [a] 7 ng L -1 [a] [1] WANIA F, MACKAY D. Tracking the distribution of persistent organic pollutants[j]. Environmental Science and Technology, 1996, 3(9): A39-A396. [2],,,. POPs [J]., 25, 14(6): 981-986. AN Taicheng, CHEN Jiaxin, FU Jiamo, et al. The Pollution situation and control strategy of persistent organic pollutants in the Pearl River delta, China[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 25, 14(6): 981-986. [3] FU J M, MAI B X, SHENG G Y, et al. Persistent organic pollutants in environment of the Pearl River Delta, China: an overview[j]. Chemosphere, 23, 52(9): 1411-1422. [4]. [J]., 28, 6(4): 76-8. LIU Yanlin. Concentration characteristics and loading of Organochlorine Pesticides(OCPs) in the West River, South China[J].
561 Journal of Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, 28, 6(4): 76-8. [5] LUO X J, MAI B X, YANG Q S, et al. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides in water columns from the Pearl River and the Macao harbor in the Pearl River Delta in South China[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 24, 48: 112-1115. [6] YU M, LUO X J, CHEN S J, et al. Organochlorine pesticides in the surface water and sediments of the Pearl River Estuary, South China[J]. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 27, 27(1): 1-17. [7],. [J]., 29, 18(2): 435-44. DENG Hongmei, CHEN Yongheng. Distribution characters and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Xijiang River[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 29, 18(2): 435-44. [8] WANG J Z, NIE Y F, LUO X L, et al. Occurrence and phase distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in riverine runoff of the Pearl River Delta, China[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 28, 57(6-12): 767-774. [9] KWONG R W M, YU P K N, LAM P K S, et al. Uptake, elimination, and biotransformation of aqueous and dietary DDT in marine fish[j]. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 28, 27(1): 253-263. [1] WANG J X, BI Y H, PFISTER G, et al. Determination of PAH, PCB, and OCP in water from the Three Gorges Reservoir accumulated by semipermeable membrane devices (SPMD)[J]. Chemosphere, 29, 75(8): 1119-1127. [11] METCALF R L. A century of DDT[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 1973, 21(4): 511-519. [12] QIU X H, ZHU T, YAO B, et al. Contribution of dicofol to the current DDT pollution in China[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 25, 39(12): 4385-439. [13] LI W H, ZHANG Y H, FAN Q Y, et al. Current status of organochlorine pesticides contamination in foodstuffs and human breast fat tissues[j]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 25, 22(1): 14-16. [14] YUNKER M B, MACDONALD R W, VINGARZAN R, et al. PAHs in the Fraser River basin: a critical appraisal of PAH ratios as indicators of PAH source and composition[j]. Organic Geochemistry, 22, 33(4): 489-515. [15] BUDZINSKI H, JONES I, BELLOCQ J, et al. Evaluation of sediment contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Gironde estuary[j]. Marine Chemistry, 1997, 58(1-2): 85-97. Levels and sources of typical persistent organic pollutants in drinking water sources of Xijiang River in Guangdong province QIAO Meng 1,3, AN Taicheng 1,*, ZENG Xiangying 1, ZHANG Delin 1,3, LI Guiying 1, ZHANG Guoxia 2, GUO Jun 2 1. State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry//Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Resources Utilization and Protection// Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 5164, China; 2. Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 517, China; 3. Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 149, China Abstract: The contamination of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is a noticeable problem in the environment. Two types of POPs, including organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), were investigated in this research. OCPs and PAHs were analyzed with GC-ECD and GC-MS, respectively, in three drinking water sources of Xijiang River in Guangdong province. The safety of drinking water sources based on the levels of OCPs and PAHs were also estimated. The concentrations of OCPs in dissolved phase ranged from 1.99 ng L -1 to 4.76 ng L -1, and in particulate phase from.36 ng L -1 to.68 ng L -1. And the levels of PAHs were between 73.4 ng L -1 and 865.89 ng L -1 in dissolved phase and between 16.76 ng L -1 and 19.31 ng L -1 in particulate phase. The results showed that the concentrations of HCHs and DDTs were far below the Chinese Water Quality Standard for Drinking Water Sources (CJ 32-93), and the concentrations of B[a]P were below the Drinking Water Standard, the guideline of World Health Organization. In conclusion, as for the levels of OCPs and PAHs, the source water for drinking in Xijiang River is relatively safe. However, the occurrence and risks of these two types of POPs should not be ignored due to their significant bioaccumulation. Key word: Xijiang area; the safety of drinking water; organochlorine pesticides; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; distribution characteristic