( ) oo 107
1985 17 70%-80% - Gerry V. Stimson Chris Fitch Tim Rhodes Moruf Adelekan Andrew Ball / Martin Donoghoe / Augusto Perez-Gomez Sujata Rana / Swarup Sarkar Gundo Aurel Weiler / 2002 5
(WHO Substance Abuse Department) a b c d e RAR I
I...II...III.1.4.7 14 15 17 23 32.38 9.1.40 9.2.45 9.3.54 9.4.63 9.5.68 9.6.75.81 87 11.1 90 11.2 93 11.3... 101 11.4... 107 11.5... 121 11.6... 133 11.7...149...162 1...169
RAR WHO/SAB 1 G.V.Stimson, D. Des Jarlais and A. Ball (Eds), 1998, Drug Injecting and HIV Infection: Global Dimensions and Local Responses, London: Taylor & Francis. 2 UNDCP UNODCCP windows/word 7.0
RAR :
NGO
1 2 3 I 1996 121 84 1993 52 I Kompot
1990
2,100 90% 8 50% I 6 3 6 I I
12 40% 1985 1987 0-1% 1988 8 9 32%-43% 1988 1% 1989 61% 1989 13% 1990 58%, 1989 10 3 9% 3 56% 0% 56% 6, 1988 1989 73%-96% HBV 10% HBV 10% HBV 40%-60% HCV 60%-70% 80%-100% 20%-25% HCV 20% 10 20
I I
20 90 31% / 17 1%-2% I 3%-4%
HIV HBV HCV
450
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1 2 1 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
3 4
WHO WHO 1986 2000 WHO 1985 5
6 7
8
9 10
1. 2. 3. RAR
/ / 11.1 11.3 /
16 /
CAC CAC
,
1. 2 RAR 3 4 / 5 6 5 RAR 7. RAR
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1. * * 2 * 3 * * 4 RAR * * 5 * * 6 * * 7 * 1 RAR RAR RAR RAR
RAR 2. RAR 11.2 11.3.
SWOT SWOT 1 2 1 2 3 1 2 1 3. RAR RAR RAR
4. 1 2 9.2 1.1 5
6
9.2 9.5 7
9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 RAR
9.1,
11 11
NGO 9.2
NGO
9.2 5 10 6 40%
LSD
/
9.3
9.2. 1 1 2 3 2 1 3
(1) (2)
11 10 1. 2. 3.
10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 (1) ( ) (2) ( )
9.4 ---- ---- 6-10
/
3 00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10.
9.5
2-3 -- -- 1 2 3 --
24 10 60 3 10
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
9.6 -- -- 2500-5000
- ----
-- 100% 9.2 -- 3,000 20% 1/5 -- 3,000 X 5=15,000 52 -- 1% 5,200 52 X 100=5,200 / 102 10,200 / m
b b m b m b m -- 10,000 20%-30% 2,000-3,000 a 30,000 1.2% b 120 1.2% 15,000 c 50% 15,000 7,500 /
Wirral 60 10 7/60 53 297 163 66 163/66 2.5 - - - - 200 100 10 2,000 100 10 10 200 2,000-24 n1. 7 n2 -- m N N= n1/m X n2 - - - - -
1 2 M N2 N1 N N = n1/m X n2 N ( ) - 1,276 507 169 3,828 1990 169 1,107 1,276 338 507 - -
650,000
1 2 3 3 1 2 3
5
-- -- --
1 2 3 11
4 4 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 12
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11.1 RAR
3
1 2 3 4 9.4 5 10
11.2 CCP
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 13 14 15
1 2 19-24 25-39 3 4 5
6
10. 11. 12. 13. / 14. ( )
15. ---- 1.
2. 3. 12
11.3
-- -- --
1
2 3.
1 2
3
11.4
DUA --
1/1000* 1/100 1/1000 * 1/100* 5/100*
*? prevalence 15,000 23% 15-24 11.5
(1) (2)?(3)?(4)?(5)?(6)?(7)?(8)?(9)?(10)
1 1. ; 2. ; 3. 2 1. ; 2. ; 3. LSD MDMA
3 1. ; 2. ; 3. 4 1. ; 2. ; 3.
5. 1. ; 2. ; 3. / / / 6. 1. ; 2. ; 3. 1920 60 80
7. 1. ; 2. ; 3. 8. 1. ; 2. ; 3. 75% 25 17 19 60
9. 1. ; 2. ; 3. 14 23 16 18. 5 40% 40% 20%
10. 1. ; 2. ; 3.
121
122 11. 20 80 1987 [ ] - LSD
123 24 93
11.5 HCA : : : 124
+ 125
100 12 10 10 10/100 0% 10% 1 (2) (3) 126
3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 127
128
1 ; 2. ; 3. 1 ; 2. ; 3. 125
1 ; 2. ; 3. 1 ; 2. ; 3. 5 1 ; 2. ; 3. 126
6 1. ; 2. ; 3. 7. 1. ; 2. ; 3. 127
8. 1 ; 2. ; 3. 128
9 1. ; 2. ; 3. 10. 1. ; 2. ; 3. 129
11. 1. ; 2. ; 3. 12. 1. ; 2. ; 3. 13. 1. ; 2. ; 3. 130
HCA / / 133
14. 134
11.6 RBA 135
40% 136
/ / / 137
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 138
1 1. 2 3. / 137
2. 1 2 55% / 28% / 25% / 4 / 138
3 1 2. 3. / 139
4 1 3 2. 45% 70% 35% 2 4 2 140
5 1 2. 3. / 65% 6. 1. 5 2. / / / 141
7. 1. 2. 3. / 8. 1. 2. 3.. 142
9 1. 2. 3.. / 143
10. 1. 2. 3. 11. 1. 2. 3. 3 13 14 13 144
14 12. 1. 2. 3. / 145
13. 1 2. / 3. / 14. 1. 2. 3. /, 1 ml 1 146
3 1 2 3 15.
- - /
11.7 IPA 3
3
1 4 5 8 9 12 IPA
1. :? 1. 2. (?) 3. 4. 1990 15 16 / 1994 1995
2. 1 2. 3. 4.. 1990 1991 60% 4 2 2 1992 2 4 5. 1993 2 2 1750
3 1. 2. (?) 3., 4. 9 5 4 / / 2 2 6 35 1992
a) 1. 2. (?) 3. 4. 1991 50% 1994 3 /
b) 1. 2. 3. 4. 60% 6. 1. 2. 3. 4. 60%
7 1. 2. 3. 4. / 8. 1. 2. 3. 4. 50%
1998 1 96
9. 1 2. 3.
DUA-11 HCA-14 RBA-15 IPA-9 CA1 CA3 --
4
-- AP-1 1
AP-2 --2
-- AP-3 --3 -- AP-4 --4 -- AP-5 --5
1
5 -
3-5 3 5 -- --
2
-- 1 2 4 3 4 6 1 11
9 -- 5 5 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2 9 10 3 11 1 9 11 9 11 2
9 5 9 10 9.2 9 10 3
11
10 10 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
3
11