11 2 Vol.11, No.2 2019 6 Thermal Spray Technology Jun., 2019 ( 山东能源重装集团大族再制造有限公司, 山东新泰 271200) 摘要 : 27SiMn 1.5 关键词 : 中图分类号 :TG174.4 A 文章编号 :1674-7127 2019 06-0006-05 DOI 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7127.2019.02.006 The Design and Application of High-power Fiber Laser Cladding Equipment on Ring Inner Wall Xueyun Du, Hongfang Tian, Shiying Dong, Fanliang Tantai, Qingling Hou Shandong Ener gy Heavy Equipment Group Dazu Remanufacturing Co.,Ltd, Xintai 271222, China Abstract: In order to improve the service performance of the inner hole parts such as the column cylinder of hydraulic support, the inner wall cladding equipment was developed with the integration of high-power fiber lasers, the cladding process on the inner wall in the 27SiMn cylinder was verified, and the microstructure, hardness, and wear resistance were tested. The results show that the inner wall cladding surface is flat and without defects, and the cladding layer is metallurgical combined with the matrix. The main structure of the cladding layer is martensite. The hardness of the cladding layer is slightly higher than that of the substrate, and the wear resistance is about 1.5 times that of the substrate, as a result, not only the performance of the inner wall of the cylinder was improved but also the machining properties of the cladding coating in a narrow space are optimized. Key words: High power, Fiber optic inner wall cladding, Equipment development, Application 0 引言 [1] [2-6] [7] 1985- E-mail dxy851117@163.com 2018CXGC0811
32 11 [8] 1 1 实验材料及方法 SN-135-100~+270 Φ500 30 1500mm 27SiMn 2 1 ( %) Table 1 Key chemical composition of iron-based alloy (mass fraction %) C Si Mn Mo V W Cr Ni Fe 0.04-0.08 0.3-0.5 0.7-1.0 12-16 0.5-0.7 4.5-5.5 13-15 10.0-12.0 2 27SiMn % Table 2 Composition of 27SiMn (mass fraction %) C Si Mn V Ni Cu S P 0.24-0.32 1.10-1.40 1.10-01.40 0.07-0.12 0.30 0.30 0.040 0.040 4000-4200W 10mm 2mm 150mm 500-750mm/min 5mm/s 20-30g/min 35 2 1.2ml/80cm² h 5%NaCl 10 mm 10 mm 10 mm HVS-1000A 4% AxioLab.A1 50 mm 50 mm 100-300mm 5kW Φ43 8mm 2 内孔熔覆装备设计 8-15L/min 1-2mm (1) 1064nm QBH 1500mm 3.0kW 300mm (2) 150mm
2 33 15 2.5mm (3) 1 Fig.1 Inner wall processing head 1 2 4 (4) 6-10bar -45-40 0.7-1.2m 3 /min 3 工艺验证及结果讨论 3.1 2(a) 27SiMn 1 2(b) 3 (a) (b) 2 (a) ; (b) Fig. 2 Laser cladding process and cladding effect: (a) cladding process, (b) cladding effect
34 热 喷 涂 技 术 11 卷 情况 极易导致熔覆开裂等缺陷的形成 且严重 第二 需要控制热量积累 激光熔覆是一个骤热 影响送粉 熔凝过程 如图 3 为本实验选用的合 骤冷的过程 熔池存留时间短 生成的一些低熔 金粉末粒度情况 可见粉末颗粒呈圆形分布 球 点化合物如硼硅酸盐等来不及上浮至熔覆层表面 型颗粒度较为均匀光滑 球形度较高 粒度直径 留置在熔覆层内即成为潜在缺陷源 故而 需要 约为 63.6μm ~139.6μm 粒度均匀且球形度高的 借助散热系统合理调控狭窄空间内的热量输入和 合金粉末具备高流动性 可以有效保障熔覆送粉 发散 保障正常熔覆所需要的环境条件 的流畅均匀 有助于降低熔覆缺陷的产生机率 图 3 合金粉末颗粒图 (a) 颗粒剖面图 ; (b) 颗粒形貌图 Fig. 3 Alloy powder particle diagram: (a) profile, (b) particle morphology 3.2 熔覆层显微结构 熔池停留时间短 骤热骤冷 故激光熔覆层的组 图 4 为熔覆层的组织结构 由图 4(a) (b) 可 织较为细小 均匀 主要组织均为马氏体和少量 见 熔覆层无裂纹 气孔等缺陷 组织呈细小致 残余奥氏体 如图 (c) 所示 结合界面附近的基体 密的枝晶状 且结合界面清晰平滑 可见白亮窄带 组织的细晶区 该区域冷却后形成较为粗大的回 说明熔覆层与基体之间为冶金结合 在大激光功 火马氏体 率下 基体和熔覆材料吸收的有效能量密度大 图 4 激光熔覆层组织结构 (a) 试样剖面 ; (b) 熔覆层 ; (c) 结合界面及热影响区 Fig. 4 Structure of laser cladding layer: (a) sample profile, (b) cladding layer, (c) combined interface and thermal impact zone 3.3 熔覆层硬度检测 对内孔熔覆试样进行机械加工 保留有效熔 覆层厚度为 0.5mm 取样进行剖面硬度检测 间 隔 0.25mm 折线取检测点 硬度梯度曲线如图 5
2 35 5 Fig. 5 Hardness gradient of cladding sample 300-320HV1 230-300HV1 Cr Mo Nb [9] [5] 3.4 MMU-10G 45 1.5h 3 1.5 3 Table 3 Weight of abrasion loss /g /g /g 4 结论 0.0025 0.002 0.002 0.0036 0.029 0.004 [1]. [J]., 2013, 34(7): 217-219. [2],,,. [J]., 2016, 38(8): 18-22. [3],,,. [J]., 2010, 31 (10): 106-108 [4],,. [J]., 2011, 39(12): 18-20 [5],,,. Ni60A+20%WC [J]2012, 37(2): 340-343 [6],,. [J]., 2013, 41(6): 125-126 [7]. [J]., 1998, (6): 37. [8],. [J]., 2016(4): 125-128. [9],,,. 27SiMn [J]., 2018, 46(1): 59-64.